High current DC negative ion source for cyclotron
A filament driven multi-cusp negative ion source has been developed for proton cyclotrons in medical applications. In Cs-free operation, continuous H(-) beam of 10 mA and D(-) beam of 3.3 mA were obtained stably at an arc-discharge power of 3 kW and 2.4 kW, respectively. In Cs-seeded operation, H(-)...
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| Veröffentlicht in: | Review of scientific instruments 2016-02, Vol.87 (2), p.02B135-02B135 |
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| container_title | Review of scientific instruments |
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| creator | Etoh, H Onai, M Aoki, Y Mitsubori, H Arakawa, Y Sakuraba, J Kato, T Mitsumoto, T Hiasa, T Yajima, S Shibata, T Hatayama, A Okumura, Y |
| description | A filament driven multi-cusp negative ion source has been developed for proton cyclotrons in medical applications. In Cs-free operation, continuous H(-) beam of 10 mA and D(-) beam of 3.3 mA were obtained stably at an arc-discharge power of 3 kW and 2.4 kW, respectively. In Cs-seeded operation, H(-) beam current reached 22 mA at a lower arc power of 2.6 kW with less co-extracted electron current. The optimum gas flow rate, which gives the highest H(-) current, was 15 sccm in the Cs-free operation, while it decreased to 4 sccm in the Cs-seeded operation. The relationship between H(-) production and the design/operating parameters has been also investigated by a numerical study with KEIO-MARC code, which gives a reasonable explanation to the experimental results of the H(-) current dependence on the arc power. |
| doi_str_mv | 10.1063/1.4934613 |
| format | Article |
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In Cs-free operation, continuous H(-) beam of 10 mA and D(-) beam of 3.3 mA were obtained stably at an arc-discharge power of 3 kW and 2.4 kW, respectively. In Cs-seeded operation, H(-) beam current reached 22 mA at a lower arc power of 2.6 kW with less co-extracted electron current. The optimum gas flow rate, which gives the highest H(-) current, was 15 sccm in the Cs-free operation, while it decreased to 4 sccm in the Cs-seeded operation. The relationship between H(-) production and the design/operating parameters has been also investigated by a numerical study with KEIO-MARC code, which gives a reasonable explanation to the experimental results of the H(-) current dependence on the arc power.</description><identifier>ISSN: 0034-6748</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1089-7623</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1063/1.4934613</identifier><identifier>PMID: 26932017</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>United States: American Institute of Physics</publisher><subject>ANIONS ; BEAM CURRENTS ; Cesium ; CYCLOTRONS ; Dependence ; DESIGN ; Design parameters ; Deuterium ; DEUTERON BEAMS ; Electric arcs ; FILAMENTS ; Flow velocity ; GAS FLOW ; INSTRUMENTATION RELATED TO NUCLEAR SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY ; Ions ; Negative ions ; NUMERICAL ANALYSIS ; OPERATION ; PROTONS ; Scientific apparatus & instruments</subject><ispartof>Review of scientific instruments, 2016-02, Vol.87 (2), p.02B135-02B135</ispartof><rights>2015 AIP Publishing LLC.</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c407t-8f87ca805a43b4809a4837fb6e31c0d69359a154919f32b5e7f84da9ed4edab03</citedby><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c407t-8f87ca805a43b4809a4837fb6e31c0d69359a154919f32b5e7f84da9ed4edab03</cites></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><link.rule.ids>230,314,776,780,881,27903,27904</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26932017$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed$$Hfree_for_read</backlink><backlink>$$Uhttps://www.osti.gov/biblio/22482955$$D View this record in Osti.gov$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><creatorcontrib>Etoh, H</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Onai, M</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Aoki, Y</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Mitsubori, H</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Arakawa, Y</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Sakuraba, J</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Kato, T</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Mitsumoto, T</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Hiasa, T</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Yajima, S</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Shibata, T</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Hatayama, A</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Okumura, Y</creatorcontrib><title>High current DC negative ion source for cyclotron</title><title>Review of scientific instruments</title><addtitle>Rev Sci Instrum</addtitle><description>A filament driven multi-cusp negative ion source has been developed for proton cyclotrons in medical applications. In Cs-free operation, continuous H(-) beam of 10 mA and D(-) beam of 3.3 mA were obtained stably at an arc-discharge power of 3 kW and 2.4 kW, respectively. In Cs-seeded operation, H(-) beam current reached 22 mA at a lower arc power of 2.6 kW with less co-extracted electron current. The optimum gas flow rate, which gives the highest H(-) current, was 15 sccm in the Cs-free operation, while it decreased to 4 sccm in the Cs-seeded operation. The relationship between H(-) production and the design/operating parameters has been also investigated by a numerical study with KEIO-MARC code, which gives a reasonable explanation to the experimental results of the H(-) current dependence on the arc power.</description><subject>ANIONS</subject><subject>BEAM CURRENTS</subject><subject>Cesium</subject><subject>CYCLOTRONS</subject><subject>Dependence</subject><subject>DESIGN</subject><subject>Design parameters</subject><subject>Deuterium</subject><subject>DEUTERON BEAMS</subject><subject>Electric arcs</subject><subject>FILAMENTS</subject><subject>Flow velocity</subject><subject>GAS FLOW</subject><subject>INSTRUMENTATION RELATED TO NUCLEAR SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY</subject><subject>Ions</subject><subject>Negative ions</subject><subject>NUMERICAL ANALYSIS</subject><subject>OPERATION</subject><subject>PROTONS</subject><subject>Scientific apparatus & instruments</subject><issn>0034-6748</issn><issn>1089-7623</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2016</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><sourceid>EIF</sourceid><recordid>eNpFkMtOwzAQRS0EoqWw4AdQJDawSPHYjh9LVB5FqsQG1pbjOG2qNAbbQerfk6qlzGY2R2fmXoSuAU8Bc_oAU6Yo40BP0BiwVLnghJ6iMcaU5VwwOUIXMa7xMAXAORoRrijBIMYI5s1yldk-BNel7GmWdW5pUvPjssZ3WfR9sC6rfcjs1rY-Bd9dorPatNFdHfYEfb48f8zm-eL99W32uMgtwyLlspbCGokLw2jJJFaGSSrqkjsKFlfDA4UyUDAFqqakLJyoJauMchVzlSkxnaDbvdfH1Ohom-TsyvquczZpQpgkqigG6m5PfQX_3buY9KaJ1rWt6ZzvowYhMAHFJP8XHtH1EK8bMmgChEomge_O3u8pG3yMwdX6KzQbE7YasN61rUEf2h7Ym4OxLzeuOpJ_9dJfBMJ15A</recordid><startdate>20160201</startdate><enddate>20160201</enddate><creator>Etoh, H</creator><creator>Onai, M</creator><creator>Aoki, Y</creator><creator>Mitsubori, H</creator><creator>Arakawa, Y</creator><creator>Sakuraba, J</creator><creator>Kato, T</creator><creator>Mitsumoto, T</creator><creator>Hiasa, T</creator><creator>Yajima, S</creator><creator>Shibata, T</creator><creator>Hatayama, A</creator><creator>Okumura, Y</creator><general>American Institute of Physics</general><scope>CGR</scope><scope>CUY</scope><scope>CVF</scope><scope>ECM</scope><scope>EIF</scope><scope>NPM</scope><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>8FD</scope><scope>H8D</scope><scope>L7M</scope><scope>7X8</scope><scope>OTOTI</scope></search><sort><creationdate>20160201</creationdate><title>High current DC negative ion source for cyclotron</title><author>Etoh, H ; Onai, M ; Aoki, Y ; Mitsubori, H ; Arakawa, Y ; Sakuraba, J ; Kato, T ; Mitsumoto, T ; Hiasa, T ; Yajima, S ; Shibata, T ; Hatayama, A ; Okumura, Y</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c407t-8f87ca805a43b4809a4837fb6e31c0d69359a154919f32b5e7f84da9ed4edab03</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2016</creationdate><topic>ANIONS</topic><topic>BEAM CURRENTS</topic><topic>Cesium</topic><topic>CYCLOTRONS</topic><topic>Dependence</topic><topic>DESIGN</topic><topic>Design parameters</topic><topic>Deuterium</topic><topic>DEUTERON BEAMS</topic><topic>Electric arcs</topic><topic>FILAMENTS</topic><topic>Flow velocity</topic><topic>GAS FLOW</topic><topic>INSTRUMENTATION RELATED TO NUCLEAR SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY</topic><topic>Ions</topic><topic>Negative ions</topic><topic>NUMERICAL ANALYSIS</topic><topic>OPERATION</topic><topic>PROTONS</topic><topic>Scientific apparatus & instruments</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Etoh, H</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Onai, M</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Aoki, Y</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Mitsubori, H</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Arakawa, Y</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Sakuraba, J</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Kato, T</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Mitsumoto, T</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Hiasa, T</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Yajima, S</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Shibata, T</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Hatayama, A</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Okumura, Y</creatorcontrib><collection>Medline</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE (Ovid)</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>PubMed</collection><collection>CrossRef</collection><collection>Technology Research Database</collection><collection>Aerospace Database</collection><collection>Advanced Technologies Database with Aerospace</collection><collection>MEDLINE - Academic</collection><collection>OSTI.GOV</collection><jtitle>Review of scientific instruments</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Etoh, H</au><au>Onai, M</au><au>Aoki, Y</au><au>Mitsubori, H</au><au>Arakawa, Y</au><au>Sakuraba, J</au><au>Kato, T</au><au>Mitsumoto, T</au><au>Hiasa, T</au><au>Yajima, S</au><au>Shibata, T</au><au>Hatayama, A</au><au>Okumura, Y</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>High current DC negative ion source for cyclotron</atitle><jtitle>Review of scientific instruments</jtitle><addtitle>Rev Sci Instrum</addtitle><date>2016-02-01</date><risdate>2016</risdate><volume>87</volume><issue>2</issue><spage>02B135</spage><epage>02B135</epage><pages>02B135-02B135</pages><issn>0034-6748</issn><eissn>1089-7623</eissn><abstract>A filament driven multi-cusp negative ion source has been developed for proton cyclotrons in medical applications. In Cs-free operation, continuous H(-) beam of 10 mA and D(-) beam of 3.3 mA were obtained stably at an arc-discharge power of 3 kW and 2.4 kW, respectively. In Cs-seeded operation, H(-) beam current reached 22 mA at a lower arc power of 2.6 kW with less co-extracted electron current. The optimum gas flow rate, which gives the highest H(-) current, was 15 sccm in the Cs-free operation, while it decreased to 4 sccm in the Cs-seeded operation. The relationship between H(-) production and the design/operating parameters has been also investigated by a numerical study with KEIO-MARC code, which gives a reasonable explanation to the experimental results of the H(-) current dependence on the arc power.</abstract><cop>United States</cop><pub>American Institute of Physics</pub><pmid>26932017</pmid><doi>10.1063/1.4934613</doi></addata></record> |
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| source | MEDLINE; AIP Journals Complete; Alma/SFX Local Collection |
| subjects | ANIONS BEAM CURRENTS Cesium CYCLOTRONS Dependence DESIGN Design parameters Deuterium DEUTERON BEAMS Electric arcs FILAMENTS Flow velocity GAS FLOW INSTRUMENTATION RELATED TO NUCLEAR SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY Ions Negative ions NUMERICAL ANALYSIS OPERATION PROTONS Scientific apparatus & instruments |
| title | High current DC negative ion source for cyclotron |
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