Delta-aminolevulinic acid dehydratase (ALAD) polymorphism in lead exposed Bangladeshi children and its effect on urinary aminolevulinic acid (ALA)
Lead has long been recognized as a harmful environmental pollutant. People in developing countries like Bangladesh still have a higher risk of lead exposure. Previous research has suggested that the delta-aminolevulinic acid dehydratase (ALAD) genotype can modify lead toxicity and individual suscept...
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| Veröffentlicht in: | Environmental research 2015-01, Vol.136, p.318-323 |
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| creator | Tasmin, Saira Furusawa, Hana Ahmad, Sk. Akhtar Faruquee, M.H. Watanabe, Chiho |
| description | Lead has long been recognized as a harmful environmental pollutant. People in developing countries like Bangladesh still have a higher risk of lead exposure. Previous research has suggested that the delta-aminolevulinic acid dehydratase (ALAD) genotype can modify lead toxicity and individual susceptibility. As children are more susceptible to lead-induced toxicity, this study investigated whether the ALAD genotype influenced urinary excretion of delta-aminolevulinic acid (U-ALA) among children exposed to environmental lead in Bangladesh.
Subjects were elementary schoolchildren from a semi-urban industrialized area in Bangladesh. A total of 222 children were studied. Blood and urine were collected to determine ALAD genotypes, blood lead levels and urinary aminolevulinic acid (U-ALA).
The mean BPb level was 9.7µg/dl for the study children. BPb was significantly positively correlated with hemoglobin (p |
| doi_str_mv | 10.1016/j.envres.2014.08.045 |
| format | Article |
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Subjects were elementary schoolchildren from a semi-urban industrialized area in Bangladesh. A total of 222 children were studied. Blood and urine were collected to determine ALAD genotypes, blood lead levels and urinary aminolevulinic acid (U-ALA).
The mean BPb level was 9.7µg/dl for the study children. BPb was significantly positively correlated with hemoglobin (p<0.01). In total, allele frequency for ALAD 1 and 2 was 0.83 and 0.17 respectively. The mean U-ALA concentration was lower in ALAD1-2/2-2 carriers than ALAD1-1 carriers for boys (p=0.001). But for girls, U-ALA did not differ significantly by genotype (p=0.26). When U-ALA was compared by genotype at the same exposure level in a multiple linear regression analysis, boys who were ALAD1-2/2-2 carriers still had a lower level of U-ALA compared to ALAD1-1carriers.
This study provides information about the influence of ALAD polymorphism and its association with U-ALA in Bangladeshi children. Our results indicate that the ALAD1-2/2-2 genotype may have a protective effect in terms of U-ALA for environmentally lead exposed boys.
•High blood lead level for the environmentally exposed schoolchildren.•BPb was significantly correlated with U-ALA and Hb.•Effect of ALAD genotype on U-ALA is differed by sex.•Lower U-ALA in ALAD2 than ALAD1 carriers only for boys at same exposure.</description><identifier>ISSN: 0013-9351</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1096-0953</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2014.08.045</identifier><identifier>PMID: 25460652</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>Netherlands: Elsevier Inc</publisher><subject>ALAD polymorphism ; AMINOLEVULINIC ACID ; Aminolevulinic Acid - urine ; BANGLADESH ; Base Sequence ; BLOOD ; Blood lead level ; CARRIERS ; Child ; CHILDREN ; CONCENTRATION RATIO ; DNA Primers ; ECOLOGICAL CONCENTRATION ; ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES ; EXCRETION ; Exposure ; Female ; Gene Frequency ; GENOTYPE ; HEMOGLOBIN ; HIGH-PERFORMANCE LIQUID CHROMATOGRAPHY ; HUMAN POPULATIONS ; Humans ; ICP MASS SPECTROSCOPY ; LEAD ; Lead (metal) ; Lead - toxicity ; LENGTH ; Male ; POLLUTANTS ; POLYMERASE CHAIN REACTION ; Polymorphism ; Polymorphism, Genetic ; Porphobilinogen Synthase - genetics ; REGRESSION ANALYSIS ; TOXICITY ; Urinary ALA ; URINE</subject><ispartof>Environmental research, 2015-01, Vol.136, p.318-323</ispartof><rights>2014 Elsevier Inc.</rights><rights>Copyright © 2014 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c522t-9ade9182a721094b1a10271d5a326468ed5cbf57d07ff6a6c22f26a0d155d563</citedby><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c522t-9ade9182a721094b1a10271d5a326468ed5cbf57d07ff6a6c22f26a0d155d563</cites></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><linktohtml>$$Uhttps://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.envres.2014.08.045$$EHTML$$P50$$Gelsevier$$H</linktohtml><link.rule.ids>230,314,780,784,885,3549,27923,27924,45994</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25460652$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed$$Hfree_for_read</backlink><backlink>$$Uhttps://www.osti.gov/biblio/22447569$$D View this record in Osti.gov$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><creatorcontrib>Tasmin, Saira</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Furusawa, Hana</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Ahmad, Sk. Akhtar</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Faruquee, M.H.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Watanabe, Chiho</creatorcontrib><title>Delta-aminolevulinic acid dehydratase (ALAD) polymorphism in lead exposed Bangladeshi children and its effect on urinary aminolevulinic acid (ALA)</title><title>Environmental research</title><addtitle>Environ Res</addtitle><description>Lead has long been recognized as a harmful environmental pollutant. People in developing countries like Bangladesh still have a higher risk of lead exposure. Previous research has suggested that the delta-aminolevulinic acid dehydratase (ALAD) genotype can modify lead toxicity and individual susceptibility. As children are more susceptible to lead-induced toxicity, this study investigated whether the ALAD genotype influenced urinary excretion of delta-aminolevulinic acid (U-ALA) among children exposed to environmental lead in Bangladesh.
Subjects were elementary schoolchildren from a semi-urban industrialized area in Bangladesh. A total of 222 children were studied. Blood and urine were collected to determine ALAD genotypes, blood lead levels and urinary aminolevulinic acid (U-ALA).
The mean BPb level was 9.7µg/dl for the study children. BPb was significantly positively correlated with hemoglobin (p<0.01). In total, allele frequency for ALAD 1 and 2 was 0.83 and 0.17 respectively. The mean U-ALA concentration was lower in ALAD1-2/2-2 carriers than ALAD1-1 carriers for boys (p=0.001). But for girls, U-ALA did not differ significantly by genotype (p=0.26). When U-ALA was compared by genotype at the same exposure level in a multiple linear regression analysis, boys who were ALAD1-2/2-2 carriers still had a lower level of U-ALA compared to ALAD1-1carriers.
This study provides information about the influence of ALAD polymorphism and its association with U-ALA in Bangladeshi children. Our results indicate that the ALAD1-2/2-2 genotype may have a protective effect in terms of U-ALA for environmentally lead exposed boys.
•High blood lead level for the environmentally exposed schoolchildren.•BPb was significantly correlated with U-ALA and Hb.•Effect of ALAD genotype on U-ALA is differed by sex.•Lower U-ALA in ALAD2 than ALAD1 carriers only for boys at same exposure.</description><subject>ALAD polymorphism</subject><subject>AMINOLEVULINIC ACID</subject><subject>Aminolevulinic Acid - urine</subject><subject>BANGLADESH</subject><subject>Base Sequence</subject><subject>BLOOD</subject><subject>Blood lead level</subject><subject>CARRIERS</subject><subject>Child</subject><subject>CHILDREN</subject><subject>CONCENTRATION RATIO</subject><subject>DNA Primers</subject><subject>ECOLOGICAL CONCENTRATION</subject><subject>ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES</subject><subject>EXCRETION</subject><subject>Exposure</subject><subject>Female</subject><subject>Gene Frequency</subject><subject>GENOTYPE</subject><subject>HEMOGLOBIN</subject><subject>HIGH-PERFORMANCE LIQUID CHROMATOGRAPHY</subject><subject>HUMAN POPULATIONS</subject><subject>Humans</subject><subject>ICP MASS SPECTROSCOPY</subject><subject>LEAD</subject><subject>Lead (metal)</subject><subject>Lead - toxicity</subject><subject>LENGTH</subject><subject>Male</subject><subject>POLLUTANTS</subject><subject>POLYMERASE CHAIN REACTION</subject><subject>Polymorphism</subject><subject>Polymorphism, Genetic</subject><subject>Porphobilinogen Synthase - genetics</subject><subject>REGRESSION ANALYSIS</subject><subject>TOXICITY</subject><subject>Urinary ALA</subject><subject>URINE</subject><issn>0013-9351</issn><issn>1096-0953</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2015</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><sourceid>EIF</sourceid><recordid>eNqNkc1u1DAURi0EokPhDRCyxKZdJNhO7CQbpKEtP9JIbLq3PPYN8cixg50ZdV6DJ8ZRSlcIsbIsnevj734IvaWkpISKD4cS_ClCKhmhdUnaktT8GdpQ0omCdLx6jjaE0KroKk4v0KuUDvlKeUVeogvGa0EEZxv06xbcrAo1Wh8cnI7Oequx0tZgA8PZRDWrBPhqu9veXuMpuPMY4jTYNGLrsQNlMDxMIYHBn5T_4ZSBNFisB-tMBI-VN9jOCUPfg55x8PgYrVfxjP-mXDTXr9GLXrkEbx7PS3T_-e7-5mux-_7l2812V2jO2Fx0WdXRlqmG5cz1nipKWEMNVxUTtWjBcL3veWNI0_dCCc1Yz4QihnJuuKgu0fv12ZBmK5O2M-hBB-_zPyVjdd1w0WXqaqWmGH4eIc1ytEmDc8pDOCZJhSCkFaIS_4HWDSGcNgtar6iOIaUIvZyiHfNWJCVyaVce5NquXNqVpJW53Tz27tFw3I9gnob-1JmBjysAeW8nC3HJBV6DsXGJZYL9t-E324231Q</recordid><startdate>20150101</startdate><enddate>20150101</enddate><creator>Tasmin, Saira</creator><creator>Furusawa, Hana</creator><creator>Ahmad, Sk. Akhtar</creator><creator>Faruquee, M.H.</creator><creator>Watanabe, Chiho</creator><general>Elsevier Inc</general><scope>CGR</scope><scope>CUY</scope><scope>CVF</scope><scope>ECM</scope><scope>EIF</scope><scope>NPM</scope><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>7ST</scope><scope>7T2</scope><scope>7TV</scope><scope>7U1</scope><scope>7U2</scope><scope>7U7</scope><scope>C1K</scope><scope>SOI</scope><scope>8FD</scope><scope>FR3</scope><scope>KR7</scope><scope>OTOTI</scope></search><sort><creationdate>20150101</creationdate><title>Delta-aminolevulinic acid dehydratase (ALAD) polymorphism in lead exposed Bangladeshi children and its effect on urinary aminolevulinic acid (ALA)</title><author>Tasmin, Saira ; Furusawa, Hana ; Ahmad, Sk. Akhtar ; Faruquee, M.H. ; Watanabe, Chiho</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c522t-9ade9182a721094b1a10271d5a326468ed5cbf57d07ff6a6c22f26a0d155d563</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2015</creationdate><topic>ALAD polymorphism</topic><topic>AMINOLEVULINIC ACID</topic><topic>Aminolevulinic Acid - urine</topic><topic>BANGLADESH</topic><topic>Base Sequence</topic><topic>BLOOD</topic><topic>Blood lead level</topic><topic>CARRIERS</topic><topic>Child</topic><topic>CHILDREN</topic><topic>CONCENTRATION RATIO</topic><topic>DNA Primers</topic><topic>ECOLOGICAL CONCENTRATION</topic><topic>ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES</topic><topic>EXCRETION</topic><topic>Exposure</topic><topic>Female</topic><topic>Gene Frequency</topic><topic>GENOTYPE</topic><topic>HEMOGLOBIN</topic><topic>HIGH-PERFORMANCE LIQUID CHROMATOGRAPHY</topic><topic>HUMAN POPULATIONS</topic><topic>Humans</topic><topic>ICP MASS SPECTROSCOPY</topic><topic>LEAD</topic><topic>Lead (metal)</topic><topic>Lead - toxicity</topic><topic>LENGTH</topic><topic>Male</topic><topic>POLLUTANTS</topic><topic>POLYMERASE CHAIN REACTION</topic><topic>Polymorphism</topic><topic>Polymorphism, Genetic</topic><topic>Porphobilinogen Synthase - genetics</topic><topic>REGRESSION ANALYSIS</topic><topic>TOXICITY</topic><topic>Urinary ALA</topic><topic>URINE</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Tasmin, Saira</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Furusawa, Hana</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Ahmad, Sk. Akhtar</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Faruquee, M.H.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Watanabe, Chiho</creatorcontrib><collection>Medline</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE (Ovid)</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>PubMed</collection><collection>CrossRef</collection><collection>Environment Abstracts</collection><collection>Health and Safety Science Abstracts (Full archive)</collection><collection>Pollution Abstracts</collection><collection>Risk Abstracts</collection><collection>Safety Science and Risk</collection><collection>Toxicology Abstracts</collection><collection>Environmental Sciences and Pollution Management</collection><collection>Environment Abstracts</collection><collection>Technology Research Database</collection><collection>Engineering Research Database</collection><collection>Civil Engineering Abstracts</collection><collection>OSTI.GOV</collection><jtitle>Environmental research</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Tasmin, Saira</au><au>Furusawa, Hana</au><au>Ahmad, Sk. Akhtar</au><au>Faruquee, M.H.</au><au>Watanabe, Chiho</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Delta-aminolevulinic acid dehydratase (ALAD) polymorphism in lead exposed Bangladeshi children and its effect on urinary aminolevulinic acid (ALA)</atitle><jtitle>Environmental research</jtitle><addtitle>Environ Res</addtitle><date>2015-01-01</date><risdate>2015</risdate><volume>136</volume><spage>318</spage><epage>323</epage><pages>318-323</pages><issn>0013-9351</issn><eissn>1096-0953</eissn><abstract>Lead has long been recognized as a harmful environmental pollutant. People in developing countries like Bangladesh still have a higher risk of lead exposure. Previous research has suggested that the delta-aminolevulinic acid dehydratase (ALAD) genotype can modify lead toxicity and individual susceptibility. As children are more susceptible to lead-induced toxicity, this study investigated whether the ALAD genotype influenced urinary excretion of delta-aminolevulinic acid (U-ALA) among children exposed to environmental lead in Bangladesh.
Subjects were elementary schoolchildren from a semi-urban industrialized area in Bangladesh. A total of 222 children were studied. Blood and urine were collected to determine ALAD genotypes, blood lead levels and urinary aminolevulinic acid (U-ALA).
The mean BPb level was 9.7µg/dl for the study children. BPb was significantly positively correlated with hemoglobin (p<0.01). In total, allele frequency for ALAD 1 and 2 was 0.83 and 0.17 respectively. The mean U-ALA concentration was lower in ALAD1-2/2-2 carriers than ALAD1-1 carriers for boys (p=0.001). But for girls, U-ALA did not differ significantly by genotype (p=0.26). When U-ALA was compared by genotype at the same exposure level in a multiple linear regression analysis, boys who were ALAD1-2/2-2 carriers still had a lower level of U-ALA compared to ALAD1-1carriers.
This study provides information about the influence of ALAD polymorphism and its association with U-ALA in Bangladeshi children. Our results indicate that the ALAD1-2/2-2 genotype may have a protective effect in terms of U-ALA for environmentally lead exposed boys.
•High blood lead level for the environmentally exposed schoolchildren.•BPb was significantly correlated with U-ALA and Hb.•Effect of ALAD genotype on U-ALA is differed by sex.•Lower U-ALA in ALAD2 than ALAD1 carriers only for boys at same exposure.</abstract><cop>Netherlands</cop><pub>Elsevier Inc</pub><pmid>25460652</pmid><doi>10.1016/j.envres.2014.08.045</doi><tpages>6</tpages></addata></record> |
| fulltext | fulltext |
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| ispartof | Environmental research, 2015-01, Vol.136, p.318-323 |
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| source | Elsevier ScienceDirect Journals Complete - AutoHoldings; MEDLINE |
| subjects | ALAD polymorphism AMINOLEVULINIC ACID Aminolevulinic Acid - urine BANGLADESH Base Sequence BLOOD Blood lead level CARRIERS Child CHILDREN CONCENTRATION RATIO DNA Primers ECOLOGICAL CONCENTRATION ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES EXCRETION Exposure Female Gene Frequency GENOTYPE HEMOGLOBIN HIGH-PERFORMANCE LIQUID CHROMATOGRAPHY HUMAN POPULATIONS Humans ICP MASS SPECTROSCOPY LEAD Lead (metal) Lead - toxicity LENGTH Male POLLUTANTS POLYMERASE CHAIN REACTION Polymorphism Polymorphism, Genetic Porphobilinogen Synthase - genetics REGRESSION ANALYSIS TOXICITY Urinary ALA URINE |
| title | Delta-aminolevulinic acid dehydratase (ALAD) polymorphism in lead exposed Bangladeshi children and its effect on urinary aminolevulinic acid (ALA) |
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