Development of PET/MRI with insertable PET for simultaneous PET and MR imaging of human brain
Purpose: The purpose of this study was to develop a dual‐modality positron emission tomography (PET)/magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) with insertable PET for simultaneous PET and MR imaging of the human brain. Methods: The PET detector block was composed of a 4 × 4 matrix of detector modules, each c...
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| creator | Jung, Jin Ho Choi, Yong Jung, Jiwoong Kim, Sangsu Lim, Hyun Keong Im, Ki Chun Oh, Chang Hyun Park, Hyun‐wook Kim, Kyung Min Kim, Jong Guk |
| description | Purpose:
The purpose of this study was to develop a dual‐modality positron emission tomography (PET)/magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) with insertable PET for simultaneous PET and MR imaging of the human brain.
Methods:
The PET detector block was composed of a 4 × 4 matrix of detector modules, each consisting of a 4 × 4 array LYSO coupled to a 4 × 4 Geiger‐mode avalanche photodiode (GAPD) array. The PET insert consisted of 18 detector blocks, circularly mounted on a custom‐made plastic base to form a ring with an inner diameter of 390 mm and axial length of 60 mm. The PET gantry was shielded with gold‐plated conductive fabric tapes with a thickness of 0.1 mm. The charge signals of PET detector transferred via 4 m long flat cables were fed into the position decoder circuit. The flat cables were shielded with a mesh‐type aluminum sheet with a thickness of 0.24 mm. The position decoder circuit and field programmable gate array‐embedded DAQ modules were enclosed in an aluminum box with a thickness of 10 mm and located at the rear of the MR bore inside the MRI room. A 3‐T human MRI system with a Larmor frequency of 123.7 MHz and inner bore diameter of 60 cm was used as the PET/MRI hybrid system. A custom‐made radio frequency (RF) coil with an inner diameter of 25 cm was fabricated. The PET was positioned between gradient and the RF coils. PET performance was measured outside and inside the MRI scanner using echo planar imaging, spin echo, turbo spin echo, and gradient echo sequences. MRI performance was also evaluated with and without the PET insert. The stability of the newly developed PET insert was evaluated and simultaneous PET and MR images of a brain phantom were acquired.
Results:
No significant degradation of the PET performance caused by MR was observed when the PET was operated using various MR imaging sequences. The signal‐to‐noise ratio of MR images was slightly degraded due to the PET insert installed inside the MR bore while the homogeneity was maintained. The change of gain of the 256 GAPD/scintillator elements of a detector block was |
| doi_str_mv | 10.1118/1.4918321 |
| format | Article |
| fullrecord | <record><control><sourceid>proquest_osti_</sourceid><recordid>TN_cdi_osti_scitechconnect_22413552</recordid><sourceformat>XML</sourceformat><sourcesystem>PC</sourcesystem><sourcerecordid>1681910405</sourcerecordid><originalsourceid>FETCH-LOGICAL-c3511-5e65f47f2ab5bd43d27694c9f3423aa3fdf76673d364b116b22bf97c1be814673</originalsourceid><addsrcrecordid>eNp1kEtLxDAUhYMoOj4W_gEJuNFFNTePdrIU3-CgiC4lJGniRNp0bFrFf2_Hju5cXTj344NzENoHcgIA01M44RKmjMIamlBesIxTItfRhBDJM8qJ2ELbKb0RQnImyCbaokIWkjAyQS8X7sNVzaJ2scONxw-XT6ezx1v8Gbo5DjG5ttOmcssc-6bFKdR91enomj79hDqWePaIQ61fQ3xdKuZ9rSM2rQ5xF214XSW3t7o76Pnq8un8Jru7v749P7vLLBMAmXC58LzwVBthSs5KWuSSW-kZp0xr5ktf5HnBSpZzA5AbSo2XhQXjpsCHxw46HL1N6oJKNnTOzm0To7OdopQDE4IO1NFILdrmvXepU3VI1lXVWEdBPgUJZNhrQI9H1LZNSq3zatEOFdsvBUQtN1egVpsP7MFK25valX_k78gDkI3AZ6jc1_8mNXv4EX4DdJaGIw</addsrcrecordid><sourcetype>Open Access Repository</sourcetype><iscdi>true</iscdi><recordtype>article</recordtype><pqid>1681910405</pqid></control><display><type>article</type><title>Development of PET/MRI with insertable PET for simultaneous PET and MR imaging of human brain</title><source>MEDLINE</source><source>Wiley Journals</source><source>Alma/SFX Local Collection</source><creator>Jung, Jin Ho ; Choi, Yong ; Jung, Jiwoong ; Kim, Sangsu ; Lim, Hyun Keong ; Im, Ki Chun ; Oh, Chang Hyun ; Park, Hyun‐wook ; Kim, Kyung Min ; Kim, Jong Guk</creator><creatorcontrib>Jung, Jin Ho ; Choi, Yong ; Jung, Jiwoong ; Kim, Sangsu ; Lim, Hyun Keong ; Im, Ki Chun ; Oh, Chang Hyun ; Park, Hyun‐wook ; Kim, Kyung Min ; Kim, Jong Guk</creatorcontrib><description>Purpose:
The purpose of this study was to develop a dual‐modality positron emission tomography (PET)/magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) with insertable PET for simultaneous PET and MR imaging of the human brain.
Methods:
The PET detector block was composed of a 4 × 4 matrix of detector modules, each consisting of a 4 × 4 array LYSO coupled to a 4 × 4 Geiger‐mode avalanche photodiode (GAPD) array. The PET insert consisted of 18 detector blocks, circularly mounted on a custom‐made plastic base to form a ring with an inner diameter of 390 mm and axial length of 60 mm. The PET gantry was shielded with gold‐plated conductive fabric tapes with a thickness of 0.1 mm. The charge signals of PET detector transferred via 4 m long flat cables were fed into the position decoder circuit. The flat cables were shielded with a mesh‐type aluminum sheet with a thickness of 0.24 mm. The position decoder circuit and field programmable gate array‐embedded DAQ modules were enclosed in an aluminum box with a thickness of 10 mm and located at the rear of the MR bore inside the MRI room. A 3‐T human MRI system with a Larmor frequency of 123.7 MHz and inner bore diameter of 60 cm was used as the PET/MRI hybrid system. A custom‐made radio frequency (RF) coil with an inner diameter of 25 cm was fabricated. The PET was positioned between gradient and the RF coils. PET performance was measured outside and inside the MRI scanner using echo planar imaging, spin echo, turbo spin echo, and gradient echo sequences. MRI performance was also evaluated with and without the PET insert. The stability of the newly developed PET insert was evaluated and simultaneous PET and MR images of a brain phantom were acquired.
Results:
No significant degradation of the PET performance caused by MR was observed when the PET was operated using various MR imaging sequences. The signal‐to‐noise ratio of MR images was slightly degraded due to the PET insert installed inside the MR bore while the homogeneity was maintained. The change of gain of the 256 GAPD/scintillator elements of a detector block was <3% for 60 min, and simultaneous PET and MR images of a brain phantom were successfully acquired.
Conclusions:
Experimental results indicate that a compact and lightweight PET insert for hybrid PET/MRI can be developed using GAPD arrays and charge signal transmission method proposed in this study without significant interference.</description><identifier>ISSN: 0094-2405</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 2473-4209</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1118/1.4918321</identifier><identifier>PMID: 25979030</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>United States: American Association of Physicists in Medicine</publisher><subject>60 APPLIED LIFE SCIENCES ; Biological material, e.g. blood, urine; Haemocytometers ; biomedical MRI ; BRAIN ; Brain - anatomy & histology ; Brain - diagnostic imaging ; Clinical applications ; Digital computing or data processing equipment or methods, specially adapted for specific applications ; dual‐modality PET/MRI ; Eddies ; Equipment Design ; field programmable gate arrays ; GAPD array ; Humans ; HYBRID SYSTEMS ; Image analysis ; Image data processing or generation, in general ; Image reconstruction ; Image sensors ; image sequences ; Involving electronic [emr] or nuclear [nmr] magnetic resonance, e.g. magnetic resonance imaging ; Logic circuits, i.e. having at least two inputs acting on one output; Inverting circuits ; LYSO ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging - instrumentation ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging - methods ; Measuring half‐life of a radioactive substance ; Medical image noise ; medical image processing ; Medical magnetic resonance imaging ; MRI: anatomic, functional, spectral, diffusion ; Multimodal Imaging - instrumentation ; Multimodal Imaging - methods ; NMR IMAGING ; PET insert ; PHANTOMS ; Phantoms, Imaging ; POSITRON COMPUTED TOMOGRAPHY ; positron emission tomography ; Positron emission tomography (PET) ; Positron-Emission Tomography - instrumentation ; Positron-Emission Tomography - methods ; RADIOLOGY AND NUCLEAR MEDICINE ; Scintigraphy ; SIGNAL-TO-NOISE RATIO ; Spatial resolution</subject><ispartof>Medical physics (Lancaster), 2015-05, Vol.42 (5), p.2354-2363</ispartof><rights>2015 American Association of Physicists in Medicine</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c3511-5e65f47f2ab5bd43d27694c9f3423aa3fdf76673d364b116b22bf97c1be814673</citedby><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c3511-5e65f47f2ab5bd43d27694c9f3423aa3fdf76673d364b116b22bf97c1be814673</cites></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><linktopdf>$$Uhttps://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1118%2F1.4918321$$EPDF$$P50$$Gwiley$$H</linktopdf><linktohtml>$$Uhttps://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full/10.1118%2F1.4918321$$EHTML$$P50$$Gwiley$$H</linktohtml><link.rule.ids>230,314,780,784,885,1417,27924,27925,45574,45575</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25979030$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed$$Hfree_for_read</backlink><backlink>$$Uhttps://www.osti.gov/biblio/22413552$$D View this record in Osti.gov$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><creatorcontrib>Jung, Jin Ho</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Choi, Yong</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Jung, Jiwoong</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Kim, Sangsu</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Lim, Hyun Keong</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Im, Ki Chun</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Oh, Chang Hyun</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Park, Hyun‐wook</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Kim, Kyung Min</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Kim, Jong Guk</creatorcontrib><title>Development of PET/MRI with insertable PET for simultaneous PET and MR imaging of human brain</title><title>Medical physics (Lancaster)</title><addtitle>Med Phys</addtitle><description>Purpose:
The purpose of this study was to develop a dual‐modality positron emission tomography (PET)/magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) with insertable PET for simultaneous PET and MR imaging of the human brain.
Methods:
The PET detector block was composed of a 4 × 4 matrix of detector modules, each consisting of a 4 × 4 array LYSO coupled to a 4 × 4 Geiger‐mode avalanche photodiode (GAPD) array. The PET insert consisted of 18 detector blocks, circularly mounted on a custom‐made plastic base to form a ring with an inner diameter of 390 mm and axial length of 60 mm. The PET gantry was shielded with gold‐plated conductive fabric tapes with a thickness of 0.1 mm. The charge signals of PET detector transferred via 4 m long flat cables were fed into the position decoder circuit. The flat cables were shielded with a mesh‐type aluminum sheet with a thickness of 0.24 mm. The position decoder circuit and field programmable gate array‐embedded DAQ modules were enclosed in an aluminum box with a thickness of 10 mm and located at the rear of the MR bore inside the MRI room. A 3‐T human MRI system with a Larmor frequency of 123.7 MHz and inner bore diameter of 60 cm was used as the PET/MRI hybrid system. A custom‐made radio frequency (RF) coil with an inner diameter of 25 cm was fabricated. The PET was positioned between gradient and the RF coils. PET performance was measured outside and inside the MRI scanner using echo planar imaging, spin echo, turbo spin echo, and gradient echo sequences. MRI performance was also evaluated with and without the PET insert. The stability of the newly developed PET insert was evaluated and simultaneous PET and MR images of a brain phantom were acquired.
Results:
No significant degradation of the PET performance caused by MR was observed when the PET was operated using various MR imaging sequences. The signal‐to‐noise ratio of MR images was slightly degraded due to the PET insert installed inside the MR bore while the homogeneity was maintained. The change of gain of the 256 GAPD/scintillator elements of a detector block was <3% for 60 min, and simultaneous PET and MR images of a brain phantom were successfully acquired.
Conclusions:
Experimental results indicate that a compact and lightweight PET insert for hybrid PET/MRI can be developed using GAPD arrays and charge signal transmission method proposed in this study without significant interference.</description><subject>60 APPLIED LIFE SCIENCES</subject><subject>Biological material, e.g. blood, urine; Haemocytometers</subject><subject>biomedical MRI</subject><subject>BRAIN</subject><subject>Brain - anatomy & histology</subject><subject>Brain - diagnostic imaging</subject><subject>Clinical applications</subject><subject>Digital computing or data processing equipment or methods, specially adapted for specific applications</subject><subject>dual‐modality PET/MRI</subject><subject>Eddies</subject><subject>Equipment Design</subject><subject>field programmable gate arrays</subject><subject>GAPD array</subject><subject>Humans</subject><subject>HYBRID SYSTEMS</subject><subject>Image analysis</subject><subject>Image data processing or generation, in general</subject><subject>Image reconstruction</subject><subject>Image sensors</subject><subject>image sequences</subject><subject>Involving electronic [emr] or nuclear [nmr] magnetic resonance, e.g. magnetic resonance imaging</subject><subject>Logic circuits, i.e. having at least two inputs acting on one output; Inverting circuits</subject><subject>LYSO</subject><subject>Magnetic Resonance Imaging - instrumentation</subject><subject>Magnetic Resonance Imaging - methods</subject><subject>Measuring half‐life of a radioactive substance</subject><subject>Medical image noise</subject><subject>medical image processing</subject><subject>Medical magnetic resonance imaging</subject><subject>MRI: anatomic, functional, spectral, diffusion</subject><subject>Multimodal Imaging - instrumentation</subject><subject>Multimodal Imaging - methods</subject><subject>NMR IMAGING</subject><subject>PET insert</subject><subject>PHANTOMS</subject><subject>Phantoms, Imaging</subject><subject>POSITRON COMPUTED TOMOGRAPHY</subject><subject>positron emission tomography</subject><subject>Positron emission tomography (PET)</subject><subject>Positron-Emission Tomography - instrumentation</subject><subject>Positron-Emission Tomography - methods</subject><subject>RADIOLOGY AND NUCLEAR MEDICINE</subject><subject>Scintigraphy</subject><subject>SIGNAL-TO-NOISE RATIO</subject><subject>Spatial resolution</subject><issn>0094-2405</issn><issn>2473-4209</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2015</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><sourceid>EIF</sourceid><recordid>eNp1kEtLxDAUhYMoOj4W_gEJuNFFNTePdrIU3-CgiC4lJGniRNp0bFrFf2_Hju5cXTj344NzENoHcgIA01M44RKmjMIamlBesIxTItfRhBDJM8qJ2ELbKb0RQnImyCbaokIWkjAyQS8X7sNVzaJ2scONxw-XT6ezx1v8Gbo5DjG5ttOmcssc-6bFKdR91enomj79hDqWePaIQ61fQ3xdKuZ9rSM2rQ5xF214XSW3t7o76Pnq8un8Jru7v749P7vLLBMAmXC58LzwVBthSs5KWuSSW-kZp0xr5ktf5HnBSpZzA5AbSo2XhQXjpsCHxw46HL1N6oJKNnTOzm0To7OdopQDE4IO1NFILdrmvXepU3VI1lXVWEdBPgUJZNhrQI9H1LZNSq3zatEOFdsvBUQtN1egVpsP7MFK25valX_k78gDkI3AZ6jc1_8mNXv4EX4DdJaGIw</recordid><startdate>201505</startdate><enddate>201505</enddate><creator>Jung, Jin Ho</creator><creator>Choi, Yong</creator><creator>Jung, Jiwoong</creator><creator>Kim, Sangsu</creator><creator>Lim, Hyun Keong</creator><creator>Im, Ki Chun</creator><creator>Oh, Chang Hyun</creator><creator>Park, Hyun‐wook</creator><creator>Kim, Kyung Min</creator><creator>Kim, Jong Guk</creator><general>American Association of Physicists in Medicine</general><scope>CGR</scope><scope>CUY</scope><scope>CVF</scope><scope>ECM</scope><scope>EIF</scope><scope>NPM</scope><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>7X8</scope><scope>OTOTI</scope></search><sort><creationdate>201505</creationdate><title>Development of PET/MRI with insertable PET for simultaneous PET and MR imaging of human brain</title><author>Jung, Jin Ho ; Choi, Yong ; Jung, Jiwoong ; Kim, Sangsu ; Lim, Hyun Keong ; Im, Ki Chun ; Oh, Chang Hyun ; Park, Hyun‐wook ; Kim, Kyung Min ; Kim, Jong Guk</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c3511-5e65f47f2ab5bd43d27694c9f3423aa3fdf76673d364b116b22bf97c1be814673</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2015</creationdate><topic>60 APPLIED LIFE SCIENCES</topic><topic>Biological material, e.g. blood, urine; Haemocytometers</topic><topic>biomedical MRI</topic><topic>BRAIN</topic><topic>Brain - anatomy & histology</topic><topic>Brain - diagnostic imaging</topic><topic>Clinical applications</topic><topic>Digital computing or data processing equipment or methods, specially adapted for specific applications</topic><topic>dual‐modality PET/MRI</topic><topic>Eddies</topic><topic>Equipment Design</topic><topic>field programmable gate arrays</topic><topic>GAPD array</topic><topic>Humans</topic><topic>HYBRID SYSTEMS</topic><topic>Image analysis</topic><topic>Image data processing or generation, in general</topic><topic>Image reconstruction</topic><topic>Image sensors</topic><topic>image sequences</topic><topic>Involving electronic [emr] or nuclear [nmr] magnetic resonance, e.g. magnetic resonance imaging</topic><topic>Logic circuits, i.e. having at least two inputs acting on one output; Inverting circuits</topic><topic>LYSO</topic><topic>Magnetic Resonance Imaging - instrumentation</topic><topic>Magnetic Resonance Imaging - methods</topic><topic>Measuring half‐life of a radioactive substance</topic><topic>Medical image noise</topic><topic>medical image processing</topic><topic>Medical magnetic resonance imaging</topic><topic>MRI: anatomic, functional, spectral, diffusion</topic><topic>Multimodal Imaging - instrumentation</topic><topic>Multimodal Imaging - methods</topic><topic>NMR IMAGING</topic><topic>PET insert</topic><topic>PHANTOMS</topic><topic>Phantoms, Imaging</topic><topic>POSITRON COMPUTED TOMOGRAPHY</topic><topic>positron emission tomography</topic><topic>Positron emission tomography (PET)</topic><topic>Positron-Emission Tomography - instrumentation</topic><topic>Positron-Emission Tomography - methods</topic><topic>RADIOLOGY AND NUCLEAR MEDICINE</topic><topic>Scintigraphy</topic><topic>SIGNAL-TO-NOISE RATIO</topic><topic>Spatial resolution</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Jung, Jin Ho</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Choi, Yong</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Jung, Jiwoong</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Kim, Sangsu</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Lim, Hyun Keong</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Im, Ki Chun</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Oh, Chang Hyun</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Park, Hyun‐wook</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Kim, Kyung Min</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Kim, Jong Guk</creatorcontrib><collection>Medline</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE (Ovid)</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>PubMed</collection><collection>CrossRef</collection><collection>MEDLINE - Academic</collection><collection>OSTI.GOV</collection><jtitle>Medical physics (Lancaster)</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Jung, Jin Ho</au><au>Choi, Yong</au><au>Jung, Jiwoong</au><au>Kim, Sangsu</au><au>Lim, Hyun Keong</au><au>Im, Ki Chun</au><au>Oh, Chang Hyun</au><au>Park, Hyun‐wook</au><au>Kim, Kyung Min</au><au>Kim, Jong Guk</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Development of PET/MRI with insertable PET for simultaneous PET and MR imaging of human brain</atitle><jtitle>Medical physics (Lancaster)</jtitle><addtitle>Med Phys</addtitle><date>2015-05</date><risdate>2015</risdate><volume>42</volume><issue>5</issue><spage>2354</spage><epage>2363</epage><pages>2354-2363</pages><issn>0094-2405</issn><eissn>2473-4209</eissn><abstract>Purpose:
The purpose of this study was to develop a dual‐modality positron emission tomography (PET)/magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) with insertable PET for simultaneous PET and MR imaging of the human brain.
Methods:
The PET detector block was composed of a 4 × 4 matrix of detector modules, each consisting of a 4 × 4 array LYSO coupled to a 4 × 4 Geiger‐mode avalanche photodiode (GAPD) array. The PET insert consisted of 18 detector blocks, circularly mounted on a custom‐made plastic base to form a ring with an inner diameter of 390 mm and axial length of 60 mm. The PET gantry was shielded with gold‐plated conductive fabric tapes with a thickness of 0.1 mm. The charge signals of PET detector transferred via 4 m long flat cables were fed into the position decoder circuit. The flat cables were shielded with a mesh‐type aluminum sheet with a thickness of 0.24 mm. The position decoder circuit and field programmable gate array‐embedded DAQ modules were enclosed in an aluminum box with a thickness of 10 mm and located at the rear of the MR bore inside the MRI room. A 3‐T human MRI system with a Larmor frequency of 123.7 MHz and inner bore diameter of 60 cm was used as the PET/MRI hybrid system. A custom‐made radio frequency (RF) coil with an inner diameter of 25 cm was fabricated. The PET was positioned between gradient and the RF coils. PET performance was measured outside and inside the MRI scanner using echo planar imaging, spin echo, turbo spin echo, and gradient echo sequences. MRI performance was also evaluated with and without the PET insert. The stability of the newly developed PET insert was evaluated and simultaneous PET and MR images of a brain phantom were acquired.
Results:
No significant degradation of the PET performance caused by MR was observed when the PET was operated using various MR imaging sequences. The signal‐to‐noise ratio of MR images was slightly degraded due to the PET insert installed inside the MR bore while the homogeneity was maintained. The change of gain of the 256 GAPD/scintillator elements of a detector block was <3% for 60 min, and simultaneous PET and MR images of a brain phantom were successfully acquired.
Conclusions:
Experimental results indicate that a compact and lightweight PET insert for hybrid PET/MRI can be developed using GAPD arrays and charge signal transmission method proposed in this study without significant interference.</abstract><cop>United States</cop><pub>American Association of Physicists in Medicine</pub><pmid>25979030</pmid><doi>10.1118/1.4918321</doi><tpages>10</tpages></addata></record> |
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| subjects | 60 APPLIED LIFE SCIENCES Biological material, e.g. blood, urine Haemocytometers biomedical MRI BRAIN Brain - anatomy & histology Brain - diagnostic imaging Clinical applications Digital computing or data processing equipment or methods, specially adapted for specific applications dual‐modality PET/MRI Eddies Equipment Design field programmable gate arrays GAPD array Humans HYBRID SYSTEMS Image analysis Image data processing or generation, in general Image reconstruction Image sensors image sequences Involving electronic [emr] or nuclear [nmr] magnetic resonance, e.g. magnetic resonance imaging Logic circuits, i.e. having at least two inputs acting on one output Inverting circuits LYSO Magnetic Resonance Imaging - instrumentation Magnetic Resonance Imaging - methods Measuring half‐life of a radioactive substance Medical image noise medical image processing Medical magnetic resonance imaging MRI: anatomic, functional, spectral, diffusion Multimodal Imaging - instrumentation Multimodal Imaging - methods NMR IMAGING PET insert PHANTOMS Phantoms, Imaging POSITRON COMPUTED TOMOGRAPHY positron emission tomography Positron emission tomography (PET) Positron-Emission Tomography - instrumentation Positron-Emission Tomography - methods RADIOLOGY AND NUCLEAR MEDICINE Scintigraphy SIGNAL-TO-NOISE RATIO Spatial resolution |
| title | Development of PET/MRI with insertable PET for simultaneous PET and MR imaging of human brain |
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