Evaluation of magnetic flux distribution from magnetic domains in [Co/Pd] nanowires by magnetic domain scope method using contact-scanning of tunneling magnetoresistive sensor
Current-driven magnetic domain wall motions in magnetic nanowires have attracted great interests for physical studies and engineering applications. The magnetic force microscope (MFM) is widely used for indirect verification of domain locations in nanowires, where relative magnetic force between the...
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description | Current-driven magnetic domain wall motions in magnetic nanowires have attracted great interests for physical studies and engineering applications. The magnetic force microscope (MFM) is widely used for indirect verification of domain locations in nanowires, where relative magnetic force between the local domains and the MFM probe is used for detection. However, there is an occasional problem that the magnetic moments of MFM probe influenced and/or rotated the magnetic states in the low-moment nanowires. To solve this issue, the “magnetic domain scope for wide area with nano-order resolution (nano-MDS)” method has been proposed recently that could detect the magnetic flux distribution from the specimen directly by scanning of tunneling magnetoresistive field sensor. In this study, magnetic domain structure in nanowires was investigated by both MFM and nano-MDS, and the leakage magnetic flux density from the nanowires was measured quantitatively by nano-MDS. Specimen nanowires consisted from [Co (0.3)/Pd (1.2)]21/Ru(3) films (units in nm) with perpendicular magnetic anisotropy were fabricated onto Si substrates by dual ion beam sputtering and e-beam lithography. The length and the width of the fabricated nanowires are 20 μm and 150 nm. We have succeeded to obtain not only the remanent domain images with the detection of up and down magnetizations as similar as those by MFM but also magnetic flux density distribution from nanowires directly by nano-MDS. The obtained value of maximum leakage magnetic flux by nano-MDS is in good agreement with that of coercivity by magneto-optical Kerr effect microscopy. By changing the protective diamond-like-carbon film thickness on tunneling magnetoresistive sensor, the three-dimensional spatial distribution of leakage magnetic flux could be evaluated. |
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The magnetic force microscope (MFM) is widely used for indirect verification of domain locations in nanowires, where relative magnetic force between the local domains and the MFM probe is used for detection. However, there is an occasional problem that the magnetic moments of MFM probe influenced and/or rotated the magnetic states in the low-moment nanowires. To solve this issue, the “magnetic domain scope for wide area with nano-order resolution (nano-MDS)” method has been proposed recently that could detect the magnetic flux distribution from the specimen directly by scanning of tunneling magnetoresistive field sensor. In this study, magnetic domain structure in nanowires was investigated by both MFM and nano-MDS, and the leakage magnetic flux density from the nanowires was measured quantitatively by nano-MDS. Specimen nanowires consisted from [Co (0.3)/Pd (1.2)]21/Ru(3) films (units in nm) with perpendicular magnetic anisotropy were fabricated onto Si substrates by dual ion beam sputtering and e-beam lithography. The length and the width of the fabricated nanowires are 20 μm and 150 nm. We have succeeded to obtain not only the remanent domain images with the detection of up and down magnetizations as similar as those by MFM but also magnetic flux density distribution from nanowires directly by nano-MDS. The obtained value of maximum leakage magnetic flux by nano-MDS is in good agreement with that of coercivity by magneto-optical Kerr effect microscopy. By changing the protective diamond-like-carbon film thickness on tunneling magnetoresistive sensor, the three-dimensional spatial distribution of leakage magnetic flux could be evaluated.</description><identifier>ISSN: 0021-8979</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1089-7550</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1063/1.4860935</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>Melville: American Institute of Physics</publisher><subject>ANISOTROPY ; COBALT ; COERCIVE FORCE ; Coercivity ; CONDENSED MATTER PHYSICS, SUPERCONDUCTIVITY AND SUPERFLUIDITY ; Density distribution ; Diamond-like carbon films ; DIAMONDS ; DOMAIN STRUCTURE ; Domain walls ; ELECTRIC CURRENTS ; ELECTRON BEAMS ; Film thickness ; FLUX DENSITY ; Image detection ; INTERFACES ; Ion beam sputtering ; KERR EFFECT ; Kerr magnetooptical effect ; Leakage ; Magnetic anisotropy ; Magnetic domains ; Magnetic fields ; MAGNETIC FLUX ; MAGNETIC MOMENTS ; Magnetism ; MAGNETORESISTANCE ; Magnetoresistivity ; NANOSCIENCE AND NANOTECHNOLOGY ; Nanowires ; PLATINUM ; Protective coatings ; QUANTUM WIRES ; Scanning ; SENSORS ; Silicon substrates ; SPATIAL DISTRIBUTION ; THIN FILMS ; TUNNEL EFFECT</subject><ispartof>Journal of applied physics, 2014-05, Vol.115 (17)</ispartof><rights>2014 AIP Publishing LLC.</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c351t-c87230cf32990c221231f146e3da4d5e42648dcc5839c885bbe72043338863913</citedby><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c351t-c87230cf32990c221231f146e3da4d5e42648dcc5839c885bbe72043338863913</cites></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><link.rule.ids>230,314,776,780,881,27903,27904</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttps://www.osti.gov/biblio/22273908$$D View this record in Osti.gov$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><creatorcontrib>Okuda, Mitsunobu</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Miyamoto, Yasuyoshi</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Miyashita, Eiichi</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Hayashi, Naoto</creatorcontrib><title>Evaluation of magnetic flux distribution from magnetic domains in [Co/Pd] nanowires by magnetic domain scope method using contact-scanning of tunneling magnetoresistive sensor</title><title>Journal of applied physics</title><description>Current-driven magnetic domain wall motions in magnetic nanowires have attracted great interests for physical studies and engineering applications. The magnetic force microscope (MFM) is widely used for indirect verification of domain locations in nanowires, where relative magnetic force between the local domains and the MFM probe is used for detection. However, there is an occasional problem that the magnetic moments of MFM probe influenced and/or rotated the magnetic states in the low-moment nanowires. To solve this issue, the “magnetic domain scope for wide area with nano-order resolution (nano-MDS)” method has been proposed recently that could detect the magnetic flux distribution from the specimen directly by scanning of tunneling magnetoresistive field sensor. In this study, magnetic domain structure in nanowires was investigated by both MFM and nano-MDS, and the leakage magnetic flux density from the nanowires was measured quantitatively by nano-MDS. Specimen nanowires consisted from [Co (0.3)/Pd (1.2)]21/Ru(3) films (units in nm) with perpendicular magnetic anisotropy were fabricated onto Si substrates by dual ion beam sputtering and e-beam lithography. The length and the width of the fabricated nanowires are 20 μm and 150 nm. We have succeeded to obtain not only the remanent domain images with the detection of up and down magnetizations as similar as those by MFM but also magnetic flux density distribution from nanowires directly by nano-MDS. The obtained value of maximum leakage magnetic flux by nano-MDS is in good agreement with that of coercivity by magneto-optical Kerr effect microscopy. By changing the protective diamond-like-carbon film thickness on tunneling magnetoresistive sensor, the three-dimensional spatial distribution of leakage magnetic flux could be evaluated.</description><subject>ANISOTROPY</subject><subject>COBALT</subject><subject>COERCIVE FORCE</subject><subject>Coercivity</subject><subject>CONDENSED MATTER PHYSICS, SUPERCONDUCTIVITY AND SUPERFLUIDITY</subject><subject>Density distribution</subject><subject>Diamond-like carbon films</subject><subject>DIAMONDS</subject><subject>DOMAIN STRUCTURE</subject><subject>Domain walls</subject><subject>ELECTRIC CURRENTS</subject><subject>ELECTRON BEAMS</subject><subject>Film thickness</subject><subject>FLUX DENSITY</subject><subject>Image detection</subject><subject>INTERFACES</subject><subject>Ion beam sputtering</subject><subject>KERR EFFECT</subject><subject>Kerr magnetooptical effect</subject><subject>Leakage</subject><subject>Magnetic anisotropy</subject><subject>Magnetic domains</subject><subject>Magnetic fields</subject><subject>MAGNETIC FLUX</subject><subject>MAGNETIC MOMENTS</subject><subject>Magnetism</subject><subject>MAGNETORESISTANCE</subject><subject>Magnetoresistivity</subject><subject>NANOSCIENCE AND NANOTECHNOLOGY</subject><subject>Nanowires</subject><subject>PLATINUM</subject><subject>Protective coatings</subject><subject>QUANTUM WIRES</subject><subject>Scanning</subject><subject>SENSORS</subject><subject>Silicon substrates</subject><subject>SPATIAL DISTRIBUTION</subject><subject>THIN FILMS</subject><subject>TUNNEL EFFECT</subject><issn>0021-8979</issn><issn>1089-7550</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2014</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><recordid>eNpdUctKAzEUDaJgrS78g4ArF9PmMY9kKaU-oKALXYmETCbTpnSSmmSq_Sp_0dQWCq4u957DOYd7ALjGaIRRScd4lLMScVqcgAFGjGdVUaBTMECI4Izxip-DixCWCGHMKB-An-lGrnoZjbPQtbCTc6ujUbBd9d-wMSF6U_d_aOtdd8Qb10ljAzQWvk_c-KX5gFZa92W8DrDe_ifCoNxaw07HhWtgH4ydQ-VslCpmQUlrd4fkH3tr9Wq37AVckkshzEbDoG1w_hKctXIV9NVhDsHb_fR18pjNnh-eJnezTNECx0yxilCkWko4R4oQTChucV5q2si8KXROypw1ShXpCYqxoq51RVBOKWWspBzTIbjZ67rkLoIyUatFSmy1ioIQUlGO2JG19u6z1yGKpeu9TcFEsqyqIlXBE-t2z1LeheB1K9bedNJvBUZi15rA4tAa_QUXhowb</recordid><startdate>20140507</startdate><enddate>20140507</enddate><creator>Okuda, Mitsunobu</creator><creator>Miyamoto, Yasuyoshi</creator><creator>Miyashita, Eiichi</creator><creator>Hayashi, Naoto</creator><general>American Institute of Physics</general><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>8FD</scope><scope>H8D</scope><scope>L7M</scope><scope>OTOTI</scope></search><sort><creationdate>20140507</creationdate><title>Evaluation of magnetic flux distribution from magnetic domains in [Co/Pd] nanowires by magnetic domain scope method using contact-scanning of tunneling magnetoresistive sensor</title><author>Okuda, Mitsunobu ; Miyamoto, Yasuyoshi ; Miyashita, Eiichi ; Hayashi, Naoto</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c351t-c87230cf32990c221231f146e3da4d5e42648dcc5839c885bbe72043338863913</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2014</creationdate><topic>ANISOTROPY</topic><topic>COBALT</topic><topic>COERCIVE FORCE</topic><topic>Coercivity</topic><topic>CONDENSED MATTER PHYSICS, SUPERCONDUCTIVITY AND SUPERFLUIDITY</topic><topic>Density distribution</topic><topic>Diamond-like carbon films</topic><topic>DIAMONDS</topic><topic>DOMAIN STRUCTURE</topic><topic>Domain walls</topic><topic>ELECTRIC CURRENTS</topic><topic>ELECTRON BEAMS</topic><topic>Film thickness</topic><topic>FLUX DENSITY</topic><topic>Image detection</topic><topic>INTERFACES</topic><topic>Ion beam sputtering</topic><topic>KERR EFFECT</topic><topic>Kerr magnetooptical effect</topic><topic>Leakage</topic><topic>Magnetic anisotropy</topic><topic>Magnetic domains</topic><topic>Magnetic fields</topic><topic>MAGNETIC FLUX</topic><topic>MAGNETIC MOMENTS</topic><topic>Magnetism</topic><topic>MAGNETORESISTANCE</topic><topic>Magnetoresistivity</topic><topic>NANOSCIENCE AND NANOTECHNOLOGY</topic><topic>Nanowires</topic><topic>PLATINUM</topic><topic>Protective coatings</topic><topic>QUANTUM WIRES</topic><topic>Scanning</topic><topic>SENSORS</topic><topic>Silicon substrates</topic><topic>SPATIAL DISTRIBUTION</topic><topic>THIN FILMS</topic><topic>TUNNEL EFFECT</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Okuda, Mitsunobu</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Miyamoto, Yasuyoshi</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Miyashita, Eiichi</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Hayashi, Naoto</creatorcontrib><collection>CrossRef</collection><collection>Technology Research Database</collection><collection>Aerospace Database</collection><collection>Advanced Technologies Database with Aerospace</collection><collection>OSTI.GOV</collection><jtitle>Journal of applied physics</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Okuda, Mitsunobu</au><au>Miyamoto, Yasuyoshi</au><au>Miyashita, Eiichi</au><au>Hayashi, Naoto</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Evaluation of magnetic flux distribution from magnetic domains in [Co/Pd] nanowires by magnetic domain scope method using contact-scanning of tunneling magnetoresistive sensor</atitle><jtitle>Journal of applied physics</jtitle><date>2014-05-07</date><risdate>2014</risdate><volume>115</volume><issue>17</issue><issn>0021-8979</issn><eissn>1089-7550</eissn><abstract>Current-driven magnetic domain wall motions in magnetic nanowires have attracted great interests for physical studies and engineering applications. The magnetic force microscope (MFM) is widely used for indirect verification of domain locations in nanowires, where relative magnetic force between the local domains and the MFM probe is used for detection. However, there is an occasional problem that the magnetic moments of MFM probe influenced and/or rotated the magnetic states in the low-moment nanowires. To solve this issue, the “magnetic domain scope for wide area with nano-order resolution (nano-MDS)” method has been proposed recently that could detect the magnetic flux distribution from the specimen directly by scanning of tunneling magnetoresistive field sensor. In this study, magnetic domain structure in nanowires was investigated by both MFM and nano-MDS, and the leakage magnetic flux density from the nanowires was measured quantitatively by nano-MDS. Specimen nanowires consisted from [Co (0.3)/Pd (1.2)]21/Ru(3) films (units in nm) with perpendicular magnetic anisotropy were fabricated onto Si substrates by dual ion beam sputtering and e-beam lithography. The length and the width of the fabricated nanowires are 20 μm and 150 nm. We have succeeded to obtain not only the remanent domain images with the detection of up and down magnetizations as similar as those by MFM but also magnetic flux density distribution from nanowires directly by nano-MDS. The obtained value of maximum leakage magnetic flux by nano-MDS is in good agreement with that of coercivity by magneto-optical Kerr effect microscopy. By changing the protective diamond-like-carbon film thickness on tunneling magnetoresistive sensor, the three-dimensional spatial distribution of leakage magnetic flux could be evaluated.</abstract><cop>Melville</cop><pub>American Institute of Physics</pub><doi>10.1063/1.4860935</doi></addata></record> |
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subjects | ANISOTROPY COBALT COERCIVE FORCE Coercivity CONDENSED MATTER PHYSICS, SUPERCONDUCTIVITY AND SUPERFLUIDITY Density distribution Diamond-like carbon films DIAMONDS DOMAIN STRUCTURE Domain walls ELECTRIC CURRENTS ELECTRON BEAMS Film thickness FLUX DENSITY Image detection INTERFACES Ion beam sputtering KERR EFFECT Kerr magnetooptical effect Leakage Magnetic anisotropy Magnetic domains Magnetic fields MAGNETIC FLUX MAGNETIC MOMENTS Magnetism MAGNETORESISTANCE Magnetoresistivity NANOSCIENCE AND NANOTECHNOLOGY Nanowires PLATINUM Protective coatings QUANTUM WIRES Scanning SENSORS Silicon substrates SPATIAL DISTRIBUTION THIN FILMS TUNNEL EFFECT |
title | Evaluation of magnetic flux distribution from magnetic domains in [Co/Pd] nanowires by magnetic domain scope method using contact-scanning of tunneling magnetoresistive sensor |
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