Long-term Survival Outcomes Following Internal Mammary Node Irradiation in Stage II-III Breast Cancer: Results of a Large Retrospective Study With 12-Year Follow-up

Purpose To examine the effect of internal mammary node irradiation (IMNI) on disease-free survival (DFS) and overall survival (OS) in breast cancer patients treated with modified radical mastectomy and postoperative radiation therapy. Methods and Materials Between 1994 and 2002, 396 patients with st...

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Veröffentlicht in:International journal of radiation oncology, biology, physics biology, physics, 2013-08, Vol.86 (5), p.867-872
Hauptverfasser: Chang, Jee Suk, MD, Park, Won, MD, Kim, Yong Bae, MD, Lee, Ik Jae, MD, Keum, Ki Chang, MD, Lee, Chang Geol, MD, Choi, Doo Ho, MD, Suh, Chang-Ok, MD, Huh, Seung Jae, MD
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container_title International journal of radiation oncology, biology, physics
container_volume 86
creator Chang, Jee Suk, MD
Park, Won, MD
Kim, Yong Bae, MD
Lee, Ik Jae, MD
Keum, Ki Chang, MD
Lee, Chang Geol, MD
Choi, Doo Ho, MD
Suh, Chang-Ok, MD
Huh, Seung Jae, MD
description Purpose To examine the effect of internal mammary node irradiation (IMNI) on disease-free survival (DFS) and overall survival (OS) in breast cancer patients treated with modified radical mastectomy and postoperative radiation therapy. Methods and Materials Between 1994 and 2002, 396 patients with stage II-III breast cancer were treated with postmastectomy radiation therapy with (n=197) or without (n=199) IMNI. Patients who received neoadjuvant chemotherapy were excluded. IMNI was administered at the clinical discretion of the treating physician. Median RT dose was 50.4 Gy (range, 45.0-59.4 Gy) in 28 fractions, with inclusion of the supraclavicular fossa in 96% of patients. Adjuvant chemotherapy was administered to 99.7% of the patients and endocrine therapy to 53%. Results The median follow-up was 149 months (range, 124-202). IMNI patients had more advanced nodal stage and non-high grade tumors than those without IMNI ( P
doi_str_mv 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2013.02.037
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Methods and Materials Between 1994 and 2002, 396 patients with stage II-III breast cancer were treated with postmastectomy radiation therapy with (n=197) or without (n=199) IMNI. Patients who received neoadjuvant chemotherapy were excluded. IMNI was administered at the clinical discretion of the treating physician. Median RT dose was 50.4 Gy (range, 45.0-59.4 Gy) in 28 fractions, with inclusion of the supraclavicular fossa in 96% of patients. Adjuvant chemotherapy was administered to 99.7% of the patients and endocrine therapy to 53%. Results The median follow-up was 149 months (range, 124-202). IMNI patients had more advanced nodal stage and non-high grade tumors than those without IMNI ( P &lt;.001). Otherwise, disease and treatment characteristics were well balanced. The 10-year DFS with and without IMNI was 65% and 57%, respectively ( P =.05). Multivariate analysis demonstrated that IMNI was an independent, positive predictor of DFS (hazard ratio [HR], 0.70; P =.02). Benefits of IMNI in DFS were seen most apparently in N2 patients (HR, 0.44; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.26-0.74) and inner/central tumors (HR, 0.55; 95% CI, 0.34-0.90). The 10-year OS with and without IMNI was 72% and 66%, respectively ( P =.62). The 10-year DFS and OS were 61%, and 69%, respectively. Conclusions Internal mammary node irradiation significantly improved DFS in postmastectomy breast cancer patients. Pending long-term results from randomized trials, treatment of internal mammary nodes should be considered in postmastectomy radiation therapy.</description><identifier>ISSN: 0360-3016</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1879-355X</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2013.02.037</identifier><identifier>PMID: 23747215</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>United States: Elsevier Inc</publisher><subject>Adult ; Aged ; Analysis of Variance ; Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols - therapeutic use ; Axilla ; Breast Neoplasms - drug therapy ; Breast Neoplasms - mortality ; Breast Neoplasms - pathology ; Breast Neoplasms - radiotherapy ; Breast Neoplasms - surgery ; Carcinoma, Ductal, Breast - drug therapy ; Carcinoma, Ductal, Breast - mortality ; Carcinoma, Ductal, Breast - pathology ; Carcinoma, Ductal, Breast - radiotherapy ; Carcinoma, Ductal, Breast - surgery ; Carcinoma, Lobular - drug therapy ; Carcinoma, Lobular - mortality ; Carcinoma, Lobular - pathology ; Carcinoma, Lobular - radiotherapy ; Carcinoma, Lobular - surgery ; CHEMOTHERAPY ; Chemotherapy, Adjuvant - methods ; Disease-Free Survival ; Female ; Follow-Up Studies ; HEALTH HAZARDS ; Hematology, Oncology and Palliative Medicine ; Humans ; IRRADIATION ; Lymph Node Excision - methods ; Lymphatic Irradiation - mortality ; MAMMARY GLANDS ; Mastectomy, Modified Radical - methods ; Mastectomy, Modified Radical - mortality ; Middle Aged ; MULTIVARIATE ANALYSIS ; Neoplasm Recurrence, Local - mortality ; Neoplasm Recurrence, Local - pathology ; NEOPLASMS ; PATIENTS ; Radiology ; RADIOLOGY AND NUCLEAR MEDICINE ; RADIOTHERAPY ; Retrospective Studies ; Young Adult</subject><ispartof>International journal of radiation oncology, biology, physics, 2013-08, Vol.86 (5), p.867-872</ispartof><rights>Elsevier Inc.</rights><rights>2013 Elsevier Inc.</rights><rights>Copyright © 2013 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c445t-d7b93692957849097a5d365c0c90bb2d88ea346aedd9b0928fee34e232d3c20b3</citedby><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c445t-d7b93692957849097a5d365c0c90bb2d88ea346aedd9b0928fee34e232d3c20b3</cites></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><linktohtml>$$Uhttps://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0360301613004860$$EHTML$$P50$$Gelsevier$$H</linktohtml><link.rule.ids>230,314,776,780,881,3537,27901,27902,65306</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23747215$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed$$Hfree_for_read</backlink><backlink>$$Uhttps://www.osti.gov/biblio/22267829$$D View this record in Osti.gov$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><creatorcontrib>Chang, Jee Suk, MD</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Park, Won, MD</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Kim, Yong Bae, MD</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Lee, Ik Jae, MD</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Keum, Ki Chang, MD</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Lee, Chang Geol, MD</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Choi, Doo Ho, MD</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Suh, Chang-Ok, MD</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Huh, Seung Jae, MD</creatorcontrib><title>Long-term Survival Outcomes Following Internal Mammary Node Irradiation in Stage II-III Breast Cancer: Results of a Large Retrospective Study With 12-Year Follow-up</title><title>International journal of radiation oncology, biology, physics</title><addtitle>Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys</addtitle><description>Purpose To examine the effect of internal mammary node irradiation (IMNI) on disease-free survival (DFS) and overall survival (OS) in breast cancer patients treated with modified radical mastectomy and postoperative radiation therapy. Methods and Materials Between 1994 and 2002, 396 patients with stage II-III breast cancer were treated with postmastectomy radiation therapy with (n=197) or without (n=199) IMNI. Patients who received neoadjuvant chemotherapy were excluded. IMNI was administered at the clinical discretion of the treating physician. Median RT dose was 50.4 Gy (range, 45.0-59.4 Gy) in 28 fractions, with inclusion of the supraclavicular fossa in 96% of patients. Adjuvant chemotherapy was administered to 99.7% of the patients and endocrine therapy to 53%. Results The median follow-up was 149 months (range, 124-202). IMNI patients had more advanced nodal stage and non-high grade tumors than those without IMNI ( P &lt;.001). Otherwise, disease and treatment characteristics were well balanced. The 10-year DFS with and without IMNI was 65% and 57%, respectively ( P =.05). Multivariate analysis demonstrated that IMNI was an independent, positive predictor of DFS (hazard ratio [HR], 0.70; P =.02). Benefits of IMNI in DFS were seen most apparently in N2 patients (HR, 0.44; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.26-0.74) and inner/central tumors (HR, 0.55; 95% CI, 0.34-0.90). The 10-year OS with and without IMNI was 72% and 66%, respectively ( P =.62). The 10-year DFS and OS were 61%, and 69%, respectively. Conclusions Internal mammary node irradiation significantly improved DFS in postmastectomy breast cancer patients. Pending long-term results from randomized trials, treatment of internal mammary nodes should be considered in postmastectomy radiation therapy.</description><subject>Adult</subject><subject>Aged</subject><subject>Analysis of Variance</subject><subject>Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols - therapeutic use</subject><subject>Axilla</subject><subject>Breast Neoplasms - drug therapy</subject><subject>Breast Neoplasms - mortality</subject><subject>Breast Neoplasms - pathology</subject><subject>Breast Neoplasms - radiotherapy</subject><subject>Breast Neoplasms - surgery</subject><subject>Carcinoma, Ductal, Breast - drug therapy</subject><subject>Carcinoma, Ductal, Breast - mortality</subject><subject>Carcinoma, Ductal, Breast - pathology</subject><subject>Carcinoma, Ductal, Breast - radiotherapy</subject><subject>Carcinoma, Ductal, Breast - surgery</subject><subject>Carcinoma, Lobular - drug therapy</subject><subject>Carcinoma, Lobular - mortality</subject><subject>Carcinoma, Lobular - pathology</subject><subject>Carcinoma, Lobular - radiotherapy</subject><subject>Carcinoma, Lobular - surgery</subject><subject>CHEMOTHERAPY</subject><subject>Chemotherapy, Adjuvant - methods</subject><subject>Disease-Free Survival</subject><subject>Female</subject><subject>Follow-Up Studies</subject><subject>HEALTH HAZARDS</subject><subject>Hematology, Oncology and Palliative Medicine</subject><subject>Humans</subject><subject>IRRADIATION</subject><subject>Lymph Node Excision - methods</subject><subject>Lymphatic Irradiation - mortality</subject><subject>MAMMARY GLANDS</subject><subject>Mastectomy, Modified Radical - methods</subject><subject>Mastectomy, Modified Radical - mortality</subject><subject>Middle Aged</subject><subject>MULTIVARIATE ANALYSIS</subject><subject>Neoplasm Recurrence, Local - mortality</subject><subject>Neoplasm Recurrence, Local - pathology</subject><subject>NEOPLASMS</subject><subject>PATIENTS</subject><subject>Radiology</subject><subject>RADIOLOGY AND NUCLEAR MEDICINE</subject><subject>RADIOTHERAPY</subject><subject>Retrospective Studies</subject><subject>Young Adult</subject><issn>0360-3016</issn><issn>1879-355X</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2013</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><sourceid>EIF</sourceid><recordid>eNqFksuO0zAUhiMEYsrAGyBkiQ2bFN9yMQukoWIgUmGkKQhYWY592nFJ4mA7RX0fHhRHLSzYsLJlf_-5_SfLnhK8JJiUL_dLu_euHZcUE7bEdIlZdS9bkLoSOSuKr_ezBWYlzlmCL7JHIewxxoRU_GF2QVnFK0qKRfZr7YZdHsH3aDP5gz2oDt1MUbseArp2Xed-2mGHmiEhQ_r7oPpe-SP66AygxntlrIrWDcgOaBPVLj02edM06I0HFSJaqUGDf4VuIUxdDMhtkUJr5RN4C9G7MIKO9gBJPJkj-mLjHSI0_wbKn9Pn0_g4e7BVXYAn5_My-3z99tPqfb6-edesrta55ryIualawUpBRVHVXGBRqcKwstBYC9y21NQ1KMZLBcaIFgtabwEYB8qoYZrill1mz09xXYhWBm0j6DvthiHVKCmlZVVTkagXJ2r07scEIcreBg1dpwZwU5CECSEYx4InlJ9QnToNHrZy9HaenyRYzi7KvTy5KGcXJaYyuZhkz84ZprYH81f0x7YEvD4BkKZxsODnYiFN2lg_12qc_V-GfwPozg5Wq-47HCHs3TS7nXqRIQnkZt6keZEIw5jX6f4b07bEyQ</recordid><startdate>20130801</startdate><enddate>20130801</enddate><creator>Chang, Jee Suk, MD</creator><creator>Park, Won, MD</creator><creator>Kim, Yong Bae, MD</creator><creator>Lee, Ik Jae, MD</creator><creator>Keum, Ki Chang, MD</creator><creator>Lee, Chang Geol, MD</creator><creator>Choi, Doo Ho, MD</creator><creator>Suh, Chang-Ok, MD</creator><creator>Huh, Seung Jae, MD</creator><general>Elsevier Inc</general><scope>CGR</scope><scope>CUY</scope><scope>CVF</scope><scope>ECM</scope><scope>EIF</scope><scope>NPM</scope><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>7X8</scope><scope>OTOTI</scope></search><sort><creationdate>20130801</creationdate><title>Long-term Survival Outcomes Following Internal Mammary Node Irradiation in Stage II-III Breast Cancer: Results of a Large Retrospective Study With 12-Year Follow-up</title><author>Chang, Jee Suk, MD ; Park, Won, MD ; Kim, Yong Bae, MD ; Lee, Ik Jae, MD ; Keum, Ki Chang, MD ; Lee, Chang Geol, MD ; Choi, Doo Ho, MD ; Suh, Chang-Ok, MD ; Huh, Seung Jae, MD</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c445t-d7b93692957849097a5d365c0c90bb2d88ea346aedd9b0928fee34e232d3c20b3</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2013</creationdate><topic>Adult</topic><topic>Aged</topic><topic>Analysis of Variance</topic><topic>Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols - therapeutic use</topic><topic>Axilla</topic><topic>Breast Neoplasms - drug therapy</topic><topic>Breast Neoplasms - mortality</topic><topic>Breast Neoplasms - pathology</topic><topic>Breast Neoplasms - radiotherapy</topic><topic>Breast Neoplasms - surgery</topic><topic>Carcinoma, Ductal, Breast - drug therapy</topic><topic>Carcinoma, Ductal, Breast - mortality</topic><topic>Carcinoma, Ductal, Breast - pathology</topic><topic>Carcinoma, Ductal, Breast - radiotherapy</topic><topic>Carcinoma, Ductal, Breast - surgery</topic><topic>Carcinoma, Lobular - drug therapy</topic><topic>Carcinoma, Lobular - mortality</topic><topic>Carcinoma, Lobular - pathology</topic><topic>Carcinoma, Lobular - radiotherapy</topic><topic>Carcinoma, Lobular - surgery</topic><topic>CHEMOTHERAPY</topic><topic>Chemotherapy, Adjuvant - methods</topic><topic>Disease-Free Survival</topic><topic>Female</topic><topic>Follow-Up Studies</topic><topic>HEALTH HAZARDS</topic><topic>Hematology, Oncology and Palliative Medicine</topic><topic>Humans</topic><topic>IRRADIATION</topic><topic>Lymph Node Excision - methods</topic><topic>Lymphatic Irradiation - mortality</topic><topic>MAMMARY GLANDS</topic><topic>Mastectomy, Modified Radical - methods</topic><topic>Mastectomy, Modified Radical - mortality</topic><topic>Middle Aged</topic><topic>MULTIVARIATE ANALYSIS</topic><topic>Neoplasm Recurrence, Local - mortality</topic><topic>Neoplasm Recurrence, Local - pathology</topic><topic>NEOPLASMS</topic><topic>PATIENTS</topic><topic>Radiology</topic><topic>RADIOLOGY AND NUCLEAR MEDICINE</topic><topic>RADIOTHERAPY</topic><topic>Retrospective Studies</topic><topic>Young Adult</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Chang, Jee Suk, MD</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Park, Won, MD</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Kim, Yong Bae, MD</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Lee, Ik Jae, MD</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Keum, Ki Chang, MD</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Lee, Chang Geol, MD</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Choi, Doo Ho, MD</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Suh, Chang-Ok, MD</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Huh, Seung Jae, MD</creatorcontrib><collection>Medline</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE (Ovid)</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>PubMed</collection><collection>CrossRef</collection><collection>MEDLINE - Academic</collection><collection>OSTI.GOV</collection><jtitle>International journal of radiation oncology, biology, physics</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Chang, Jee Suk, MD</au><au>Park, Won, MD</au><au>Kim, Yong Bae, MD</au><au>Lee, Ik Jae, MD</au><au>Keum, Ki Chang, MD</au><au>Lee, Chang Geol, MD</au><au>Choi, Doo Ho, MD</au><au>Suh, Chang-Ok, MD</au><au>Huh, Seung Jae, MD</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Long-term Survival Outcomes Following Internal Mammary Node Irradiation in Stage II-III Breast Cancer: Results of a Large Retrospective Study With 12-Year Follow-up</atitle><jtitle>International journal of radiation oncology, biology, physics</jtitle><addtitle>Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys</addtitle><date>2013-08-01</date><risdate>2013</risdate><volume>86</volume><issue>5</issue><spage>867</spage><epage>872</epage><pages>867-872</pages><issn>0360-3016</issn><eissn>1879-355X</eissn><abstract>Purpose To examine the effect of internal mammary node irradiation (IMNI) on disease-free survival (DFS) and overall survival (OS) in breast cancer patients treated with modified radical mastectomy and postoperative radiation therapy. Methods and Materials Between 1994 and 2002, 396 patients with stage II-III breast cancer were treated with postmastectomy radiation therapy with (n=197) or without (n=199) IMNI. Patients who received neoadjuvant chemotherapy were excluded. IMNI was administered at the clinical discretion of the treating physician. Median RT dose was 50.4 Gy (range, 45.0-59.4 Gy) in 28 fractions, with inclusion of the supraclavicular fossa in 96% of patients. Adjuvant chemotherapy was administered to 99.7% of the patients and endocrine therapy to 53%. Results The median follow-up was 149 months (range, 124-202). IMNI patients had more advanced nodal stage and non-high grade tumors than those without IMNI ( P &lt;.001). Otherwise, disease and treatment characteristics were well balanced. The 10-year DFS with and without IMNI was 65% and 57%, respectively ( P =.05). Multivariate analysis demonstrated that IMNI was an independent, positive predictor of DFS (hazard ratio [HR], 0.70; P =.02). Benefits of IMNI in DFS were seen most apparently in N2 patients (HR, 0.44; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.26-0.74) and inner/central tumors (HR, 0.55; 95% CI, 0.34-0.90). The 10-year OS with and without IMNI was 72% and 66%, respectively ( P =.62). The 10-year DFS and OS were 61%, and 69%, respectively. Conclusions Internal mammary node irradiation significantly improved DFS in postmastectomy breast cancer patients. Pending long-term results from randomized trials, treatment of internal mammary nodes should be considered in postmastectomy radiation therapy.</abstract><cop>United States</cop><pub>Elsevier Inc</pub><pmid>23747215</pmid><doi>10.1016/j.ijrobp.2013.02.037</doi><tpages>6</tpages></addata></record>
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subjects Adult
Aged
Analysis of Variance
Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols - therapeutic use
Axilla
Breast Neoplasms - drug therapy
Breast Neoplasms - mortality
Breast Neoplasms - pathology
Breast Neoplasms - radiotherapy
Breast Neoplasms - surgery
Carcinoma, Ductal, Breast - drug therapy
Carcinoma, Ductal, Breast - mortality
Carcinoma, Ductal, Breast - pathology
Carcinoma, Ductal, Breast - radiotherapy
Carcinoma, Ductal, Breast - surgery
Carcinoma, Lobular - drug therapy
Carcinoma, Lobular - mortality
Carcinoma, Lobular - pathology
Carcinoma, Lobular - radiotherapy
Carcinoma, Lobular - surgery
CHEMOTHERAPY
Chemotherapy, Adjuvant - methods
Disease-Free Survival
Female
Follow-Up Studies
HEALTH HAZARDS
Hematology, Oncology and Palliative Medicine
Humans
IRRADIATION
Lymph Node Excision - methods
Lymphatic Irradiation - mortality
MAMMARY GLANDS
Mastectomy, Modified Radical - methods
Mastectomy, Modified Radical - mortality
Middle Aged
MULTIVARIATE ANALYSIS
Neoplasm Recurrence, Local - mortality
Neoplasm Recurrence, Local - pathology
NEOPLASMS
PATIENTS
Radiology
RADIOLOGY AND NUCLEAR MEDICINE
RADIOTHERAPY
Retrospective Studies
Young Adult
title Long-term Survival Outcomes Following Internal Mammary Node Irradiation in Stage II-III Breast Cancer: Results of a Large Retrospective Study With 12-Year Follow-up
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