Long-term Survival Outcomes Following Internal Mammary Node Irradiation in Stage II-III Breast Cancer: Results of a Large Retrospective Study With 12-Year Follow-up
Purpose To examine the effect of internal mammary node irradiation (IMNI) on disease-free survival (DFS) and overall survival (OS) in breast cancer patients treated with modified radical mastectomy and postoperative radiation therapy. Methods and Materials Between 1994 and 2002, 396 patients with st...
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creator | Chang, Jee Suk, MD Park, Won, MD Kim, Yong Bae, MD Lee, Ik Jae, MD Keum, Ki Chang, MD Lee, Chang Geol, MD Choi, Doo Ho, MD Suh, Chang-Ok, MD Huh, Seung Jae, MD |
description | Purpose To examine the effect of internal mammary node irradiation (IMNI) on disease-free survival (DFS) and overall survival (OS) in breast cancer patients treated with modified radical mastectomy and postoperative radiation therapy. Methods and Materials Between 1994 and 2002, 396 patients with stage II-III breast cancer were treated with postmastectomy radiation therapy with (n=197) or without (n=199) IMNI. Patients who received neoadjuvant chemotherapy were excluded. IMNI was administered at the clinical discretion of the treating physician. Median RT dose was 50.4 Gy (range, 45.0-59.4 Gy) in 28 fractions, with inclusion of the supraclavicular fossa in 96% of patients. Adjuvant chemotherapy was administered to 99.7% of the patients and endocrine therapy to 53%. Results The median follow-up was 149 months (range, 124-202). IMNI patients had more advanced nodal stage and non-high grade tumors than those without IMNI ( P |
doi_str_mv | 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2013.02.037 |
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Methods and Materials Between 1994 and 2002, 396 patients with stage II-III breast cancer were treated with postmastectomy radiation therapy with (n=197) or without (n=199) IMNI. Patients who received neoadjuvant chemotherapy were excluded. IMNI was administered at the clinical discretion of the treating physician. Median RT dose was 50.4 Gy (range, 45.0-59.4 Gy) in 28 fractions, with inclusion of the supraclavicular fossa in 96% of patients. Adjuvant chemotherapy was administered to 99.7% of the patients and endocrine therapy to 53%. Results The median follow-up was 149 months (range, 124-202). IMNI patients had more advanced nodal stage and non-high grade tumors than those without IMNI ( P <.001). Otherwise, disease and treatment characteristics were well balanced. The 10-year DFS with and without IMNI was 65% and 57%, respectively ( P =.05). Multivariate analysis demonstrated that IMNI was an independent, positive predictor of DFS (hazard ratio [HR], 0.70; P =.02). Benefits of IMNI in DFS were seen most apparently in N2 patients (HR, 0.44; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.26-0.74) and inner/central tumors (HR, 0.55; 95% CI, 0.34-0.90). The 10-year OS with and without IMNI was 72% and 66%, respectively ( P =.62). The 10-year DFS and OS were 61%, and 69%, respectively. Conclusions Internal mammary node irradiation significantly improved DFS in postmastectomy breast cancer patients. Pending long-term results from randomized trials, treatment of internal mammary nodes should be considered in postmastectomy radiation therapy.</description><identifier>ISSN: 0360-3016</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1879-355X</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2013.02.037</identifier><identifier>PMID: 23747215</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>United States: Elsevier Inc</publisher><subject>Adult ; Aged ; Analysis of Variance ; Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols - therapeutic use ; Axilla ; Breast Neoplasms - drug therapy ; Breast Neoplasms - mortality ; Breast Neoplasms - pathology ; Breast Neoplasms - radiotherapy ; Breast Neoplasms - surgery ; Carcinoma, Ductal, Breast - drug therapy ; Carcinoma, Ductal, Breast - mortality ; Carcinoma, Ductal, Breast - pathology ; Carcinoma, Ductal, Breast - radiotherapy ; Carcinoma, Ductal, Breast - surgery ; Carcinoma, Lobular - drug therapy ; Carcinoma, Lobular - mortality ; Carcinoma, Lobular - pathology ; Carcinoma, Lobular - radiotherapy ; Carcinoma, Lobular - surgery ; CHEMOTHERAPY ; Chemotherapy, Adjuvant - methods ; Disease-Free Survival ; Female ; Follow-Up Studies ; HEALTH HAZARDS ; Hematology, Oncology and Palliative Medicine ; Humans ; IRRADIATION ; Lymph Node Excision - methods ; Lymphatic Irradiation - mortality ; MAMMARY GLANDS ; Mastectomy, Modified Radical - methods ; Mastectomy, Modified Radical - mortality ; Middle Aged ; MULTIVARIATE ANALYSIS ; Neoplasm Recurrence, Local - mortality ; Neoplasm Recurrence, Local - pathology ; NEOPLASMS ; PATIENTS ; Radiology ; RADIOLOGY AND NUCLEAR MEDICINE ; RADIOTHERAPY ; Retrospective Studies ; Young Adult</subject><ispartof>International journal of radiation oncology, biology, physics, 2013-08, Vol.86 (5), p.867-872</ispartof><rights>Elsevier Inc.</rights><rights>2013 Elsevier Inc.</rights><rights>Copyright © 2013 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c445t-d7b93692957849097a5d365c0c90bb2d88ea346aedd9b0928fee34e232d3c20b3</citedby><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c445t-d7b93692957849097a5d365c0c90bb2d88ea346aedd9b0928fee34e232d3c20b3</cites></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><linktohtml>$$Uhttps://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0360301613004860$$EHTML$$P50$$Gelsevier$$H</linktohtml><link.rule.ids>230,314,776,780,881,3537,27901,27902,65306</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23747215$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed$$Hfree_for_read</backlink><backlink>$$Uhttps://www.osti.gov/biblio/22267829$$D View this record in Osti.gov$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><creatorcontrib>Chang, Jee Suk, MD</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Park, Won, MD</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Kim, Yong Bae, MD</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Lee, Ik Jae, MD</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Keum, Ki Chang, MD</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Lee, Chang Geol, MD</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Choi, Doo Ho, MD</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Suh, Chang-Ok, MD</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Huh, Seung Jae, MD</creatorcontrib><title>Long-term Survival Outcomes Following Internal Mammary Node Irradiation in Stage II-III Breast Cancer: Results of a Large Retrospective Study With 12-Year Follow-up</title><title>International journal of radiation oncology, biology, physics</title><addtitle>Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys</addtitle><description>Purpose To examine the effect of internal mammary node irradiation (IMNI) on disease-free survival (DFS) and overall survival (OS) in breast cancer patients treated with modified radical mastectomy and postoperative radiation therapy. Methods and Materials Between 1994 and 2002, 396 patients with stage II-III breast cancer were treated with postmastectomy radiation therapy with (n=197) or without (n=199) IMNI. Patients who received neoadjuvant chemotherapy were excluded. IMNI was administered at the clinical discretion of the treating physician. Median RT dose was 50.4 Gy (range, 45.0-59.4 Gy) in 28 fractions, with inclusion of the supraclavicular fossa in 96% of patients. Adjuvant chemotherapy was administered to 99.7% of the patients and endocrine therapy to 53%. Results The median follow-up was 149 months (range, 124-202). IMNI patients had more advanced nodal stage and non-high grade tumors than those without IMNI ( P <.001). Otherwise, disease and treatment characteristics were well balanced. The 10-year DFS with and without IMNI was 65% and 57%, respectively ( P =.05). Multivariate analysis demonstrated that IMNI was an independent, positive predictor of DFS (hazard ratio [HR], 0.70; P =.02). Benefits of IMNI in DFS were seen most apparently in N2 patients (HR, 0.44; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.26-0.74) and inner/central tumors (HR, 0.55; 95% CI, 0.34-0.90). The 10-year OS with and without IMNI was 72% and 66%, respectively ( P =.62). The 10-year DFS and OS were 61%, and 69%, respectively. Conclusions Internal mammary node irradiation significantly improved DFS in postmastectomy breast cancer patients. Pending long-term results from randomized trials, treatment of internal mammary nodes should be considered in postmastectomy radiation therapy.</description><subject>Adult</subject><subject>Aged</subject><subject>Analysis of Variance</subject><subject>Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols - therapeutic use</subject><subject>Axilla</subject><subject>Breast Neoplasms - drug therapy</subject><subject>Breast Neoplasms - mortality</subject><subject>Breast Neoplasms - pathology</subject><subject>Breast Neoplasms - radiotherapy</subject><subject>Breast Neoplasms - surgery</subject><subject>Carcinoma, Ductal, Breast - drug therapy</subject><subject>Carcinoma, Ductal, Breast - mortality</subject><subject>Carcinoma, Ductal, Breast - pathology</subject><subject>Carcinoma, Ductal, Breast - radiotherapy</subject><subject>Carcinoma, Ductal, Breast - surgery</subject><subject>Carcinoma, Lobular - drug therapy</subject><subject>Carcinoma, Lobular - mortality</subject><subject>Carcinoma, Lobular - pathology</subject><subject>Carcinoma, Lobular - radiotherapy</subject><subject>Carcinoma, Lobular - surgery</subject><subject>CHEMOTHERAPY</subject><subject>Chemotherapy, Adjuvant - methods</subject><subject>Disease-Free Survival</subject><subject>Female</subject><subject>Follow-Up Studies</subject><subject>HEALTH HAZARDS</subject><subject>Hematology, Oncology and Palliative Medicine</subject><subject>Humans</subject><subject>IRRADIATION</subject><subject>Lymph Node Excision - methods</subject><subject>Lymphatic Irradiation - mortality</subject><subject>MAMMARY GLANDS</subject><subject>Mastectomy, Modified Radical - methods</subject><subject>Mastectomy, Modified Radical - mortality</subject><subject>Middle Aged</subject><subject>MULTIVARIATE ANALYSIS</subject><subject>Neoplasm Recurrence, Local - mortality</subject><subject>Neoplasm Recurrence, Local - pathology</subject><subject>NEOPLASMS</subject><subject>PATIENTS</subject><subject>Radiology</subject><subject>RADIOLOGY AND NUCLEAR MEDICINE</subject><subject>RADIOTHERAPY</subject><subject>Retrospective Studies</subject><subject>Young Adult</subject><issn>0360-3016</issn><issn>1879-355X</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2013</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><sourceid>EIF</sourceid><recordid>eNqFksuO0zAUhiMEYsrAGyBkiQ2bFN9yMQukoWIgUmGkKQhYWY592nFJ4mA7RX0fHhRHLSzYsLJlf_-5_SfLnhK8JJiUL_dLu_euHZcUE7bEdIlZdS9bkLoSOSuKr_ezBWYlzlmCL7JHIewxxoRU_GF2QVnFK0qKRfZr7YZdHsH3aDP5gz2oDt1MUbseArp2Xed-2mGHmiEhQ_r7oPpe-SP66AygxntlrIrWDcgOaBPVLj02edM06I0HFSJaqUGDf4VuIUxdDMhtkUJr5RN4C9G7MIKO9gBJPJkj-mLjHSI0_wbKn9Pn0_g4e7BVXYAn5_My-3z99tPqfb6-edesrta55ryIualawUpBRVHVXGBRqcKwstBYC9y21NQ1KMZLBcaIFgtabwEYB8qoYZrill1mz09xXYhWBm0j6DvthiHVKCmlZVVTkagXJ2r07scEIcreBg1dpwZwU5CECSEYx4InlJ9QnToNHrZy9HaenyRYzi7KvTy5KGcXJaYyuZhkz84ZprYH81f0x7YEvD4BkKZxsODnYiFN2lg_12qc_V-GfwPozg5Wq-47HCHs3TS7nXqRIQnkZt6keZEIw5jX6f4b07bEyQ</recordid><startdate>20130801</startdate><enddate>20130801</enddate><creator>Chang, Jee Suk, MD</creator><creator>Park, Won, MD</creator><creator>Kim, Yong Bae, MD</creator><creator>Lee, Ik Jae, MD</creator><creator>Keum, Ki Chang, MD</creator><creator>Lee, Chang Geol, MD</creator><creator>Choi, Doo Ho, MD</creator><creator>Suh, Chang-Ok, MD</creator><creator>Huh, Seung Jae, MD</creator><general>Elsevier Inc</general><scope>CGR</scope><scope>CUY</scope><scope>CVF</scope><scope>ECM</scope><scope>EIF</scope><scope>NPM</scope><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>7X8</scope><scope>OTOTI</scope></search><sort><creationdate>20130801</creationdate><title>Long-term Survival Outcomes Following Internal Mammary Node Irradiation in Stage II-III Breast Cancer: Results of a Large Retrospective Study With 12-Year Follow-up</title><author>Chang, Jee Suk, MD ; Park, Won, MD ; Kim, Yong Bae, MD ; Lee, Ik Jae, MD ; Keum, Ki Chang, MD ; Lee, Chang Geol, MD ; Choi, Doo Ho, MD ; Suh, Chang-Ok, MD ; Huh, Seung Jae, MD</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c445t-d7b93692957849097a5d365c0c90bb2d88ea346aedd9b0928fee34e232d3c20b3</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2013</creationdate><topic>Adult</topic><topic>Aged</topic><topic>Analysis of Variance</topic><topic>Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols - therapeutic use</topic><topic>Axilla</topic><topic>Breast Neoplasms - drug therapy</topic><topic>Breast Neoplasms - mortality</topic><topic>Breast Neoplasms - pathology</topic><topic>Breast Neoplasms - radiotherapy</topic><topic>Breast Neoplasms - surgery</topic><topic>Carcinoma, Ductal, Breast - drug therapy</topic><topic>Carcinoma, Ductal, Breast - mortality</topic><topic>Carcinoma, Ductal, Breast - pathology</topic><topic>Carcinoma, Ductal, Breast - radiotherapy</topic><topic>Carcinoma, Ductal, Breast - surgery</topic><topic>Carcinoma, Lobular - drug therapy</topic><topic>Carcinoma, Lobular - mortality</topic><topic>Carcinoma, Lobular - pathology</topic><topic>Carcinoma, Lobular - radiotherapy</topic><topic>Carcinoma, Lobular - surgery</topic><topic>CHEMOTHERAPY</topic><topic>Chemotherapy, Adjuvant - methods</topic><topic>Disease-Free Survival</topic><topic>Female</topic><topic>Follow-Up Studies</topic><topic>HEALTH HAZARDS</topic><topic>Hematology, Oncology and Palliative Medicine</topic><topic>Humans</topic><topic>IRRADIATION</topic><topic>Lymph Node Excision - methods</topic><topic>Lymphatic Irradiation - mortality</topic><topic>MAMMARY GLANDS</topic><topic>Mastectomy, Modified Radical - methods</topic><topic>Mastectomy, Modified Radical - mortality</topic><topic>Middle Aged</topic><topic>MULTIVARIATE ANALYSIS</topic><topic>Neoplasm Recurrence, Local - mortality</topic><topic>Neoplasm Recurrence, Local - pathology</topic><topic>NEOPLASMS</topic><topic>PATIENTS</topic><topic>Radiology</topic><topic>RADIOLOGY AND NUCLEAR MEDICINE</topic><topic>RADIOTHERAPY</topic><topic>Retrospective Studies</topic><topic>Young Adult</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Chang, Jee Suk, MD</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Park, Won, MD</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Kim, Yong Bae, MD</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Lee, Ik Jae, MD</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Keum, Ki Chang, MD</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Lee, Chang Geol, MD</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Choi, Doo Ho, MD</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Suh, Chang-Ok, MD</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Huh, Seung Jae, MD</creatorcontrib><collection>Medline</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE (Ovid)</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>PubMed</collection><collection>CrossRef</collection><collection>MEDLINE - Academic</collection><collection>OSTI.GOV</collection><jtitle>International journal of radiation oncology, biology, physics</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Chang, Jee Suk, MD</au><au>Park, Won, MD</au><au>Kim, Yong Bae, MD</au><au>Lee, Ik Jae, MD</au><au>Keum, Ki Chang, MD</au><au>Lee, Chang Geol, MD</au><au>Choi, Doo Ho, MD</au><au>Suh, Chang-Ok, MD</au><au>Huh, Seung Jae, MD</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Long-term Survival Outcomes Following Internal Mammary Node Irradiation in Stage II-III Breast Cancer: Results of a Large Retrospective Study With 12-Year Follow-up</atitle><jtitle>International journal of radiation oncology, biology, physics</jtitle><addtitle>Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys</addtitle><date>2013-08-01</date><risdate>2013</risdate><volume>86</volume><issue>5</issue><spage>867</spage><epage>872</epage><pages>867-872</pages><issn>0360-3016</issn><eissn>1879-355X</eissn><abstract>Purpose To examine the effect of internal mammary node irradiation (IMNI) on disease-free survival (DFS) and overall survival (OS) in breast cancer patients treated with modified radical mastectomy and postoperative radiation therapy. Methods and Materials Between 1994 and 2002, 396 patients with stage II-III breast cancer were treated with postmastectomy radiation therapy with (n=197) or without (n=199) IMNI. Patients who received neoadjuvant chemotherapy were excluded. IMNI was administered at the clinical discretion of the treating physician. Median RT dose was 50.4 Gy (range, 45.0-59.4 Gy) in 28 fractions, with inclusion of the supraclavicular fossa in 96% of patients. Adjuvant chemotherapy was administered to 99.7% of the patients and endocrine therapy to 53%. Results The median follow-up was 149 months (range, 124-202). IMNI patients had more advanced nodal stage and non-high grade tumors than those without IMNI ( P <.001). Otherwise, disease and treatment characteristics were well balanced. The 10-year DFS with and without IMNI was 65% and 57%, respectively ( P =.05). Multivariate analysis demonstrated that IMNI was an independent, positive predictor of DFS (hazard ratio [HR], 0.70; P =.02). Benefits of IMNI in DFS were seen most apparently in N2 patients (HR, 0.44; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.26-0.74) and inner/central tumors (HR, 0.55; 95% CI, 0.34-0.90). The 10-year OS with and without IMNI was 72% and 66%, respectively ( P =.62). The 10-year DFS and OS were 61%, and 69%, respectively. Conclusions Internal mammary node irradiation significantly improved DFS in postmastectomy breast cancer patients. Pending long-term results from randomized trials, treatment of internal mammary nodes should be considered in postmastectomy radiation therapy.</abstract><cop>United States</cop><pub>Elsevier Inc</pub><pmid>23747215</pmid><doi>10.1016/j.ijrobp.2013.02.037</doi><tpages>6</tpages></addata></record> |
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subjects | Adult Aged Analysis of Variance Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols - therapeutic use Axilla Breast Neoplasms - drug therapy Breast Neoplasms - mortality Breast Neoplasms - pathology Breast Neoplasms - radiotherapy Breast Neoplasms - surgery Carcinoma, Ductal, Breast - drug therapy Carcinoma, Ductal, Breast - mortality Carcinoma, Ductal, Breast - pathology Carcinoma, Ductal, Breast - radiotherapy Carcinoma, Ductal, Breast - surgery Carcinoma, Lobular - drug therapy Carcinoma, Lobular - mortality Carcinoma, Lobular - pathology Carcinoma, Lobular - radiotherapy Carcinoma, Lobular - surgery CHEMOTHERAPY Chemotherapy, Adjuvant - methods Disease-Free Survival Female Follow-Up Studies HEALTH HAZARDS Hematology, Oncology and Palliative Medicine Humans IRRADIATION Lymph Node Excision - methods Lymphatic Irradiation - mortality MAMMARY GLANDS Mastectomy, Modified Radical - methods Mastectomy, Modified Radical - mortality Middle Aged MULTIVARIATE ANALYSIS Neoplasm Recurrence, Local - mortality Neoplasm Recurrence, Local - pathology NEOPLASMS PATIENTS Radiology RADIOLOGY AND NUCLEAR MEDICINE RADIOTHERAPY Retrospective Studies Young Adult |
title | Long-term Survival Outcomes Following Internal Mammary Node Irradiation in Stage II-III Breast Cancer: Results of a Large Retrospective Study With 12-Year Follow-up |
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