Modeling a thermionic energy converter using finite-difference time-domain particle-in-cell simulations
A thermionic energy converter (TEC) is a static device that converts heat directly into electricity by boiling electrons off a hot emitter surface across a small inter-electrode gap to a cooler collector surface. The main challenge in TECs is overcoming the space charge limit, which limits the curre...
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Veröffentlicht in: | Physics of plasmas 2014-02, Vol.21 (2), p.23510 |
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creator | Lo, F. S. Lu, P. S. Ragan-Kelley, B. Minnich, A. J. Lee, T. H. Lin, M. C. Verboncoeur, J. P. |
description | A thermionic energy converter (TEC) is a static device that converts heat directly into electricity by boiling electrons off a hot emitter surface across a small inter-electrode gap to a cooler collector surface. The main challenge in TECs is overcoming the space charge limit, which limits the current transmitted across a gap of a given voltage and width. We have verified the feasibility of studying and developing a TEC using a bounded finite-difference time-domain particle-in-cell plasma simulation code, OOPD1, developed by Plasma Theory and Simulation Group, formerly at UC Berkeley and now at Michigan State University. In this preliminary work, a TEC has been modeled kinetically using OOPD1, and the accuracy has been verified by comparing with an analytically solvable case, giving good agreement. With further improvement of the code, one will be able to quickly and cheaply analyze space charge effects, and seek designs that mitigate the space charge effect, allowing TECs to become more efficient and cost-effective. |
doi_str_mv | 10.1063/1.4865828 |
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S. ; Lu, P. S. ; Ragan-Kelley, B. ; Minnich, A. J. ; Lee, T. H. ; Lin, M. C. ; Verboncoeur, J. P.</creator><creatorcontrib>Lo, F. S. ; Lu, P. S. ; Ragan-Kelley, B. ; Minnich, A. J. ; Lee, T. H. ; Lin, M. C. ; Verboncoeur, J. P.</creatorcontrib><description>A thermionic energy converter (TEC) is a static device that converts heat directly into electricity by boiling electrons off a hot emitter surface across a small inter-electrode gap to a cooler collector surface. The main challenge in TECs is overcoming the space charge limit, which limits the current transmitted across a gap of a given voltage and width. We have verified the feasibility of studying and developing a TEC using a bounded finite-difference time-domain particle-in-cell plasma simulation code, OOPD1, developed by Plasma Theory and Simulation Group, formerly at UC Berkeley and now at Michigan State University. In this preliminary work, a TEC has been modeled kinetically using OOPD1, and the accuracy has been verified by comparing with an analytically solvable case, giving good agreement. With further improvement of the code, one will be able to quickly and cheaply analyze space charge effects, and seek designs that mitigate the space charge effect, allowing TECs to become more efficient and cost-effective.</description><identifier>ISSN: 1070-664X</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1089-7674</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1063/1.4865828</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>Melville: American Institute of Physics</publisher><subject>70 PLASMA PHYSICS AND FUSION TECHNOLOGY ; ACCURACY ; Computer simulation ; Converters ; DESIGN ; ELECTRIC POTENTIAL ; ELECTRICITY ; ELECTRODES ; ELECTRONS ; Emitters ; Emitters (electron) ; HEAT EXCHANGERS ; Mathematical analysis ; Particle in cell technique ; PLASMA ; Plasma physics ; PLASMA SIMULATION ; Simulation ; SPACE CHARGE ; SURFACES</subject><ispartof>Physics of plasmas, 2014-02, Vol.21 (2), p.23510</ispartof><rights>2014 AIP Publishing LLC.</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><oa>free_for_read</oa><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c320t-91b382368259ba18051d31ab22eb0ae092e3c55a8f86f69590d6017dda73a6ed3</citedby><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c320t-91b382368259ba18051d31ab22eb0ae092e3c55a8f86f69590d6017dda73a6ed3</cites></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><link.rule.ids>230,314,780,784,885,27924,27925</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttps://www.osti.gov/biblio/22252038$$D View this record in Osti.gov$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><creatorcontrib>Lo, F. S.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Lu, P. S.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Ragan-Kelley, B.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Minnich, A. J.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Lee, T. H.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Lin, M. C.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Verboncoeur, J. P.</creatorcontrib><title>Modeling a thermionic energy converter using finite-difference time-domain particle-in-cell simulations</title><title>Physics of plasmas</title><description>A thermionic energy converter (TEC) is a static device that converts heat directly into electricity by boiling electrons off a hot emitter surface across a small inter-electrode gap to a cooler collector surface. The main challenge in TECs is overcoming the space charge limit, which limits the current transmitted across a gap of a given voltage and width. We have verified the feasibility of studying and developing a TEC using a bounded finite-difference time-domain particle-in-cell plasma simulation code, OOPD1, developed by Plasma Theory and Simulation Group, formerly at UC Berkeley and now at Michigan State University. In this preliminary work, a TEC has been modeled kinetically using OOPD1, and the accuracy has been verified by comparing with an analytically solvable case, giving good agreement. 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S.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Lu, P. S.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Ragan-Kelley, B.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Minnich, A. J.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Lee, T. H.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Lin, M. C.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Verboncoeur, J. P.</creatorcontrib><collection>CrossRef</collection><collection>Technology Research Database</collection><collection>Aerospace Database</collection><collection>Advanced Technologies Database with Aerospace</collection><collection>OSTI.GOV</collection><jtitle>Physics of plasmas</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Lo, F. S.</au><au>Lu, P. S.</au><au>Ragan-Kelley, B.</au><au>Minnich, A. J.</au><au>Lee, T. H.</au><au>Lin, M. C.</au><au>Verboncoeur, J. P.</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Modeling a thermionic energy converter using finite-difference time-domain particle-in-cell simulations</atitle><jtitle>Physics of plasmas</jtitle><date>2014-02-01</date><risdate>2014</risdate><volume>21</volume><issue>2</issue><spage>23510</spage><pages>23510-</pages><issn>1070-664X</issn><eissn>1089-7674</eissn><abstract>A thermionic energy converter (TEC) is a static device that converts heat directly into electricity by boiling electrons off a hot emitter surface across a small inter-electrode gap to a cooler collector surface. The main challenge in TECs is overcoming the space charge limit, which limits the current transmitted across a gap of a given voltage and width. We have verified the feasibility of studying and developing a TEC using a bounded finite-difference time-domain particle-in-cell plasma simulation code, OOPD1, developed by Plasma Theory and Simulation Group, formerly at UC Berkeley and now at Michigan State University. In this preliminary work, a TEC has been modeled kinetically using OOPD1, and the accuracy has been verified by comparing with an analytically solvable case, giving good agreement. With further improvement of the code, one will be able to quickly and cheaply analyze space charge effects, and seek designs that mitigate the space charge effect, allowing TECs to become more efficient and cost-effective.</abstract><cop>Melville</cop><pub>American Institute of Physics</pub><doi>10.1063/1.4865828</doi><oa>free_for_read</oa></addata></record> |
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subjects | 70 PLASMA PHYSICS AND FUSION TECHNOLOGY ACCURACY Computer simulation Converters DESIGN ELECTRIC POTENTIAL ELECTRICITY ELECTRODES ELECTRONS Emitters Emitters (electron) HEAT EXCHANGERS Mathematical analysis Particle in cell technique PLASMA Plasma physics PLASMA SIMULATION Simulation SPACE CHARGE SURFACES |
title | Modeling a thermionic energy converter using finite-difference time-domain particle-in-cell simulations |
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