Control of intense light with avalanche-ionization plasma gratings

High-peak-power lasers are fundamental to high-field science: increased laser intensity has enabled laboratory astrophysics, relativistic plasma physics, and compact laser-based particle accelerators. However, the meter-scale optics required for multi-petawatt lasers to avoid light-induced damage ma...

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Veröffentlicht in:Optica 2023-12, Vol.10 (12), p.1587
Hauptverfasser: Edwards, M. R., Waczynski, S., Rockafellow, E., Manzo, L., Zingale, A., Michel, P., Milchberg, H. M.
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container_end_page
container_issue 12
container_start_page 1587
container_title Optica
container_volume 10
creator Edwards, M. R.
Waczynski, S.
Rockafellow, E.
Manzo, L.
Zingale, A.
Michel, P.
Milchberg, H. M.
description High-peak-power lasers are fundamental to high-field science: increased laser intensity has enabled laboratory astrophysics, relativistic plasma physics, and compact laser-based particle accelerators. However, the meter-scale optics required for multi-petawatt lasers to avoid light-induced damage make further increases in power challenging. Plasma tolerates orders-of-magnitude higher light flux than glass, but previous efforts to miniaturize lasers by constructing plasma analogs for conventional optics were limited by low efficiency and poor optical quality. We describe a new approach to plasma optics based on avalanche ionization of atomic clusters that produces plasma volume transmission gratings with dramatically increased diffraction efficiency. We measure an average efficiency of up to 36% and a single-shot efficiency of up to 60%, which is comparable to key components of high-power laser beamlines, while maintaining high spatial quality and focusability. These results suggest that plasma diffraction gratings may be a viable component of future lasers with peak power beyond 10 PW.
doi_str_mv 10.1364/OPTICA.503283
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title Control of intense light with avalanche-ionization plasma gratings
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