Dynamics of ions produced by laser ablation of several metals at 193 nm

This work reports the study of ion dynamics produced by ablation of Al, Cu, Ag, Au, and Bi targets using nanosecond laser pulses at 193 nm as a function of the laser fluence from threshold up to 15 J cm −2 . An electrical (Langmuir) probe has been used for determining the ion yield as well as kineti...

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