Bath and Shower Effect in Spinal Cord: The Effect of Time Interval
Purpose To evaluate the time dependency of the sensitizing effect of a large low-dose field on a small high-dose field in the rat cervical spinal cord. Methods and materials Irradiation experiments with a relatively low dose to a large volume (bath, 2 cm, 4 Gy) were combined with high doses to a sma...
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Veröffentlicht in: | International journal of radiation oncology, biology, physics biology, physics, 2009-02, Vol.73 (2), p.514-522 |
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creator | Philippens, Marielle E.P., M.D., Ph.D Pop, Lucas A.M., M.D., Ph.D Visser, Andries G., Ph.D Peeters, Wenny J.M., B.Sc van der Kogel, Albert J., Ph.D |
description | Purpose To evaluate the time dependency of the sensitizing effect of a large low-dose field on a small high-dose field in the rat cervical spinal cord. Methods and materials Irradiation experiments with a relatively low dose to a large volume (bath, 2 cm, 4 Gy) were combined with high doses to a small volume (shower, 4.7 mm, 26–43 Gy) at intervals of 8 minutes and 3, 12, and 24 hours. Both a functional score defined as motor impairment and a histologic score characterized as white matter necrosis were used as end points. Results Application of the 4-Gy bath dose resulted in a significant decrease in 50% isoeffective dose (ED50 ) from 48.7 Gy (small field) to 40.8 Gy. If the interval was extended, the ED50 increased to 44.4 (3 hours) and 44.8 Gy (12 hours), whereas a 24-hour interval resulted in a significant increase to 51.9 Gy. If the histologic end point was considered, the ED50 for all dose–response curves decreased slightly with 0.2 to 2.6 Gy without significantly changing the kinetics. Conclusions The bath effect as applied in the bath-and-shower experiment lasted for at least 12 hours and disappeared in the 24-hour interval. This time scale clearly deviates from the repair kinetics in spinal cord derived from low-dose-rate and fractionated irradiations. |
doi_str_mv | 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2008.09.028 |
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Methods and materials Irradiation experiments with a relatively low dose to a large volume (bath, 2 cm, 4 Gy) were combined with high doses to a small volume (shower, 4.7 mm, 26–43 Gy) at intervals of 8 minutes and 3, 12, and 24 hours. Both a functional score defined as motor impairment and a histologic score characterized as white matter necrosis were used as end points. Results Application of the 4-Gy bath dose resulted in a significant decrease in 50% isoeffective dose (ED50 ) from 48.7 Gy (small field) to 40.8 Gy. If the interval was extended, the ED50 increased to 44.4 (3 hours) and 44.8 Gy (12 hours), whereas a 24-hour interval resulted in a significant increase to 51.9 Gy. If the histologic end point was considered, the ED50 for all dose–response curves decreased slightly with 0.2 to 2.6 Gy without significantly changing the kinetics. Conclusions The bath effect as applied in the bath-and-shower experiment lasted for at least 12 hours and disappeared in the 24-hour interval. This time scale clearly deviates from the repair kinetics in spinal cord derived from low-dose-rate and fractionated irradiations.</description><identifier>ISSN: 0360-3016</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1879-355X</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2008.09.028</identifier><identifier>PMID: 19046823</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>United States: Elsevier Inc</publisher><subject>Algorithms ; Animals ; BIOLOGICAL REPAIR ; DOSE RATES ; Dose-Response Relationship, Radiation ; Dose–volume effects ; FRACTIONATED IRRADIATION ; Hematology, Oncology and Palliative Medicine ; Lethal Dose 50 ; Male ; Motor Activity - physiology ; Motor Activity - radiation effects ; Myelin Sheath - pathology ; Myelin Sheath - radiation effects ; NECROSIS ; Nonuniform dose distribution ; Paralysis - etiology ; RADIATION DOSE DISTRIBUTIONS ; RADIATION DOSES ; Radiation Injuries, Experimental - pathology ; Radiation Injuries, Experimental - physiopathology ; Radiation Tolerance - physiology ; Radiology ; RADIOLOGY AND NUCLEAR MEDICINE ; RATS ; Rats, Wistar ; Repair ; SPINAL CORD ; Spinal Cord - pathology ; Spinal Cord - radiation effects ; Spinal Cord Injuries ; Time Factors ; White matter necrosis</subject><ispartof>International journal of radiation oncology, biology, physics, 2009-02, Vol.73 (2), p.514-522</ispartof><rights>Elsevier Inc.</rights><rights>2009 Elsevier Inc.</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c474t-3262d962c1545aea5e3042da8d15162afcd286cf257edd370dc02901b6024aaf3</citedby><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c474t-3262d962c1545aea5e3042da8d15162afcd286cf257edd370dc02901b6024aaf3</cites></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><linktohtml>$$Uhttps://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0360301608034925$$EHTML$$P50$$Gelsevier$$H</linktohtml><link.rule.ids>230,314,776,780,881,3537,27901,27902,65306</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19046823$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed$$Hfree_for_read</backlink><backlink>$$Uhttps://www.osti.gov/biblio/21172596$$D View this record in Osti.gov$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><creatorcontrib>Philippens, Marielle E.P., M.D., Ph.D</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Pop, Lucas A.M., M.D., Ph.D</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Visser, Andries G., Ph.D</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Peeters, Wenny J.M., B.Sc</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>van der Kogel, Albert J., Ph.D</creatorcontrib><title>Bath and Shower Effect in Spinal Cord: The Effect of Time Interval</title><title>International journal of radiation oncology, biology, physics</title><addtitle>Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys</addtitle><description>Purpose To evaluate the time dependency of the sensitizing effect of a large low-dose field on a small high-dose field in the rat cervical spinal cord. Methods and materials Irradiation experiments with a relatively low dose to a large volume (bath, 2 cm, 4 Gy) were combined with high doses to a small volume (shower, 4.7 mm, 26–43 Gy) at intervals of 8 minutes and 3, 12, and 24 hours. Both a functional score defined as motor impairment and a histologic score characterized as white matter necrosis were used as end points. Results Application of the 4-Gy bath dose resulted in a significant decrease in 50% isoeffective dose (ED50 ) from 48.7 Gy (small field) to 40.8 Gy. If the interval was extended, the ED50 increased to 44.4 (3 hours) and 44.8 Gy (12 hours), whereas a 24-hour interval resulted in a significant increase to 51.9 Gy. If the histologic end point was considered, the ED50 for all dose–response curves decreased slightly with 0.2 to 2.6 Gy without significantly changing the kinetics. Conclusions The bath effect as applied in the bath-and-shower experiment lasted for at least 12 hours and disappeared in the 24-hour interval. This time scale clearly deviates from the repair kinetics in spinal cord derived from low-dose-rate and fractionated irradiations.</description><subject>Algorithms</subject><subject>Animals</subject><subject>BIOLOGICAL REPAIR</subject><subject>DOSE RATES</subject><subject>Dose-Response Relationship, Radiation</subject><subject>Dose–volume effects</subject><subject>FRACTIONATED IRRADIATION</subject><subject>Hematology, Oncology and Palliative Medicine</subject><subject>Lethal Dose 50</subject><subject>Male</subject><subject>Motor Activity - physiology</subject><subject>Motor Activity - radiation effects</subject><subject>Myelin Sheath - pathology</subject><subject>Myelin Sheath - radiation effects</subject><subject>NECROSIS</subject><subject>Nonuniform dose distribution</subject><subject>Paralysis - etiology</subject><subject>RADIATION DOSE DISTRIBUTIONS</subject><subject>RADIATION DOSES</subject><subject>Radiation Injuries, Experimental - pathology</subject><subject>Radiation Injuries, Experimental - physiopathology</subject><subject>Radiation Tolerance - physiology</subject><subject>Radiology</subject><subject>RADIOLOGY AND NUCLEAR MEDICINE</subject><subject>RATS</subject><subject>Rats, Wistar</subject><subject>Repair</subject><subject>SPINAL CORD</subject><subject>Spinal Cord - pathology</subject><subject>Spinal Cord - radiation effects</subject><subject>Spinal Cord Injuries</subject><subject>Time Factors</subject><subject>White matter necrosis</subject><issn>0360-3016</issn><issn>1879-355X</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2009</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><sourceid>EIF</sourceid><recordid>eNqFkV2L1DAUhoMo7rj6D0QKgnetJ59tvRB2h11dWPBiRvAuZJJTJrXTjElnZf-9KZ1F8MarXOQ5b06el5C3FCoKVH3sK9_HsDtWDKCpoK2ANc_IijZ1W3IpfzwnK-AKSp7hC_IqpR4AKK3FS3JBWxCqYXxFrq_NtC_M6IrNPvzGWNx0Hdqp8GOxOfrRDMU6RPep2O7x6Sp0xdYfsLgbJ4wPZnhNXnRmSPjmfF6S77c32_XX8v7bl7v11X1pRS2mkjPFXKuYpVJIg0YiB8GcaRyVVDHTWccaZTsma3SO1-AssBboTgETxnT8krxfckOavE7WT2j3NoxjXkqz_DMmW5WpDwt1jOHXCdOkDz5ZHAYzYjilDDJQtG4zKBbQxpBSxE4foz-Y-Kgp6Nmw7vViWM-GNbQ6G85j7875p90B3d-hs9IMfF4AzC4ePMZ5VRwtOh_nTV3w_3vh3wA7-NFbM_zER0x9OMXcS9JUJ6ZBb-aW55KhAS5aJvkfldGgXg</recordid><startdate>20090201</startdate><enddate>20090201</enddate><creator>Philippens, Marielle E.P., M.D., Ph.D</creator><creator>Pop, Lucas A.M., M.D., Ph.D</creator><creator>Visser, Andries G., Ph.D</creator><creator>Peeters, Wenny J.M., B.Sc</creator><creator>van der Kogel, Albert J., Ph.D</creator><general>Elsevier Inc</general><scope>CGR</scope><scope>CUY</scope><scope>CVF</scope><scope>ECM</scope><scope>EIF</scope><scope>NPM</scope><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>7TK</scope><scope>OTOTI</scope></search><sort><creationdate>20090201</creationdate><title>Bath and Shower Effect in Spinal Cord: The Effect of Time Interval</title><author>Philippens, Marielle E.P., M.D., Ph.D ; Pop, Lucas A.M., M.D., Ph.D ; Visser, Andries G., Ph.D ; Peeters, Wenny J.M., B.Sc ; van der Kogel, Albert J., Ph.D</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c474t-3262d962c1545aea5e3042da8d15162afcd286cf257edd370dc02901b6024aaf3</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2009</creationdate><topic>Algorithms</topic><topic>Animals</topic><topic>BIOLOGICAL REPAIR</topic><topic>DOSE RATES</topic><topic>Dose-Response Relationship, Radiation</topic><topic>Dose–volume effects</topic><topic>FRACTIONATED IRRADIATION</topic><topic>Hematology, Oncology and Palliative Medicine</topic><topic>Lethal Dose 50</topic><topic>Male</topic><topic>Motor Activity - physiology</topic><topic>Motor Activity - radiation effects</topic><topic>Myelin Sheath - pathology</topic><topic>Myelin Sheath - radiation effects</topic><topic>NECROSIS</topic><topic>Nonuniform dose distribution</topic><topic>Paralysis - etiology</topic><topic>RADIATION DOSE DISTRIBUTIONS</topic><topic>RADIATION DOSES</topic><topic>Radiation Injuries, Experimental - pathology</topic><topic>Radiation Injuries, Experimental - physiopathology</topic><topic>Radiation Tolerance - physiology</topic><topic>Radiology</topic><topic>RADIOLOGY AND NUCLEAR MEDICINE</topic><topic>RATS</topic><topic>Rats, Wistar</topic><topic>Repair</topic><topic>SPINAL CORD</topic><topic>Spinal Cord - pathology</topic><topic>Spinal Cord - radiation effects</topic><topic>Spinal Cord Injuries</topic><topic>Time Factors</topic><topic>White matter necrosis</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Philippens, Marielle E.P., M.D., Ph.D</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Pop, Lucas A.M., M.D., Ph.D</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Visser, Andries G., Ph.D</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Peeters, Wenny J.M., B.Sc</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>van der Kogel, Albert J., Ph.D</creatorcontrib><collection>Medline</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE (Ovid)</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>PubMed</collection><collection>CrossRef</collection><collection>Neurosciences Abstracts</collection><collection>OSTI.GOV</collection><jtitle>International journal of radiation oncology, biology, physics</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Philippens, Marielle E.P., M.D., Ph.D</au><au>Pop, Lucas A.M., M.D., Ph.D</au><au>Visser, Andries G., Ph.D</au><au>Peeters, Wenny J.M., B.Sc</au><au>van der Kogel, Albert J., Ph.D</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Bath and Shower Effect in Spinal Cord: The Effect of Time Interval</atitle><jtitle>International journal of radiation oncology, biology, physics</jtitle><addtitle>Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys</addtitle><date>2009-02-01</date><risdate>2009</risdate><volume>73</volume><issue>2</issue><spage>514</spage><epage>522</epage><pages>514-522</pages><issn>0360-3016</issn><eissn>1879-355X</eissn><abstract>Purpose To evaluate the time dependency of the sensitizing effect of a large low-dose field on a small high-dose field in the rat cervical spinal cord. Methods and materials Irradiation experiments with a relatively low dose to a large volume (bath, 2 cm, 4 Gy) were combined with high doses to a small volume (shower, 4.7 mm, 26–43 Gy) at intervals of 8 minutes and 3, 12, and 24 hours. Both a functional score defined as motor impairment and a histologic score characterized as white matter necrosis were used as end points. Results Application of the 4-Gy bath dose resulted in a significant decrease in 50% isoeffective dose (ED50 ) from 48.7 Gy (small field) to 40.8 Gy. If the interval was extended, the ED50 increased to 44.4 (3 hours) and 44.8 Gy (12 hours), whereas a 24-hour interval resulted in a significant increase to 51.9 Gy. If the histologic end point was considered, the ED50 for all dose–response curves decreased slightly with 0.2 to 2.6 Gy without significantly changing the kinetics. Conclusions The bath effect as applied in the bath-and-shower experiment lasted for at least 12 hours and disappeared in the 24-hour interval. This time scale clearly deviates from the repair kinetics in spinal cord derived from low-dose-rate and fractionated irradiations.</abstract><cop>United States</cop><pub>Elsevier Inc</pub><pmid>19046823</pmid><doi>10.1016/j.ijrobp.2008.09.028</doi><tpages>9</tpages></addata></record> |
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subjects | Algorithms Animals BIOLOGICAL REPAIR DOSE RATES Dose-Response Relationship, Radiation Dose–volume effects FRACTIONATED IRRADIATION Hematology, Oncology and Palliative Medicine Lethal Dose 50 Male Motor Activity - physiology Motor Activity - radiation effects Myelin Sheath - pathology Myelin Sheath - radiation effects NECROSIS Nonuniform dose distribution Paralysis - etiology RADIATION DOSE DISTRIBUTIONS RADIATION DOSES Radiation Injuries, Experimental - pathology Radiation Injuries, Experimental - physiopathology Radiation Tolerance - physiology Radiology RADIOLOGY AND NUCLEAR MEDICINE RATS Rats, Wistar Repair SPINAL CORD Spinal Cord - pathology Spinal Cord - radiation effects Spinal Cord Injuries Time Factors White matter necrosis |
title | Bath and Shower Effect in Spinal Cord: The Effect of Time Interval |
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