A Systematic Investigation into the Extraction of Aluminum from Coal Spoil through Kaolinite
This research has applied kaolin and active carbon (AC) to the investigation of the recovery of aluminum from coal spol (CS). The kaolin, AC-containing kaolin mixture, and CS have been calcined at 500, 600, 700, 800, and 900 °C for 15, 30, 60, and 120 min. The transformation of kaolinite and aluminu...
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| Veröffentlicht in: | Environmental science & technology 2008-11, Vol.42 (22), p.8541-8546 |
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| description | This research has applied kaolin and active carbon (AC) to the investigation of the recovery of aluminum from coal spol (CS). The kaolin, AC-containing kaolin mixture, and CS have been calcined at 500, 600, 700, 800, and 900 °C for 15, 30, 60, and 120 min. The transformation of kaolinite and aluminum extraction that occurred in each calcined sample have been characterized using XRD, TG, IR, and hydrochloric acid leaching methods. The dehydroxylation of kaolinite and the decomposition of metakaolin were influenced by thermal treatment temperature and time. The metakaolin had kept a portion of OH− in its structure until it was calcined at a temperature of 800 °C. Under 60 min treatment, new SiO2 phase was able to be formed at 500 °C, kaolinite was totally converted to metakaolin at 600 °C, and the SiO2 rejoined the reaction at 800 °C. The decompositions of CS were similar to those of kaolin mixture containing 20 wt % AC (MKC). The combustion of combustible matter accelerated the decomposition of kaolinite in the CS and MKC. Higher AC content led to lower aluminum extraction. The treatment at 600 °C was optimal for both CS and MKC. |
| doi_str_mv | 10.1021/es801798u |
| format | Article |
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C ; Si, P ; Yu, J. G</creator><creatorcontrib>Qiao, X. C ; Si, P ; Yu, J. G</creatorcontrib><description>This research has applied kaolin and active carbon (AC) to the investigation of the recovery of aluminum from coal spol (CS). The kaolin, AC-containing kaolin mixture, and CS have been calcined at 500, 600, 700, 800, and 900 °C for 15, 30, 60, and 120 min. The transformation of kaolinite and aluminum extraction that occurred in each calcined sample have been characterized using XRD, TG, IR, and hydrochloric acid leaching methods. The dehydroxylation of kaolinite and the decomposition of metakaolin were influenced by thermal treatment temperature and time. The metakaolin had kept a portion of OH− in its structure until it was calcined at a temperature of 800 °C. Under 60 min treatment, new SiO2 phase was able to be formed at 500 °C, kaolinite was totally converted to metakaolin at 600 °C, and the SiO2 rejoined the reaction at 800 °C. The decompositions of CS were similar to those of kaolin mixture containing 20 wt % AC (MKC). The combustion of combustible matter accelerated the decomposition of kaolinite in the CS and MKC. Higher AC content led to lower aluminum extraction. The treatment at 600 °C was optimal for both CS and MKC.</description><identifier>ISSN: 0013-936X</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1520-5851</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1021/es801798u</identifier><identifier>PMID: 19068845</identifier><identifier>CODEN: ESTHAG</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>Washington, DC: American Chemical Society</publisher><subject>01 COAL, LIGNITE, AND PEAT ; ACTIVATED CARBON ; ALUMINIUM ; Aluminum ; Aluminum - isolation & purification ; Applied sciences ; CALCINATION ; COAL ; COMBUSTION ; DECOMPOSITION ; DEHYDROXYLATION ; DEMETALLIZATION ; Exact sciences and technology ; Hot Temperature ; HYDROCHLORIC ACID ; INFRARED SPECTRA ; KAOLIN ; Kaolin - chemistry ; KAOLINITE ; Leaching ; MATERIALS RECOVERY ; MINERAL WASTES ; Mongolia ; Pollution ; PYROLYSIS ; SILICON OXIDES ; SOLVENT EXTRACTION ; Sustainability Engineering and Green Chemistry ; Temperature ; TEMPERATURE DEPENDENCE ; THERMAL GRAVIMETRIC ANALYSIS ; TIME DEPENDENCE ; X-RAY DIFFRACTION</subject><ispartof>Environmental science & technology, 2008-11, Vol.42 (22), p.8541-8546</ispartof><rights>Copyright © 2008 American Chemical Society</rights><rights>2009 INIST-CNRS</rights><rights>Copyright American Chemical Society Nov 15, 2008</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-a468t-52afdee78da53a2900a6e14831cce7e7591e013162a28ea223884f60be18f1d53</citedby><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-a468t-52afdee78da53a2900a6e14831cce7e7591e013162a28ea223884f60be18f1d53</cites></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><linktopdf>$$Uhttps://pubs.acs.org/doi/pdf/10.1021/es801798u$$EPDF$$P50$$Gacs$$H</linktopdf><linktohtml>$$Uhttps://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/es801798u$$EHTML$$P50$$Gacs$$H</linktohtml><link.rule.ids>230,314,780,784,885,2765,27076,27924,27925,56738,56788</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttp://pascal-francis.inist.fr/vibad/index.php?action=getRecordDetail&idt=20869688$$DView record in Pascal Francis$$Hfree_for_read</backlink><backlink>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19068845$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed$$Hfree_for_read</backlink><backlink>$$Uhttps://www.osti.gov/biblio/21126092$$D View this record in Osti.gov$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><creatorcontrib>Qiao, X. C</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Si, P</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Yu, J. G</creatorcontrib><title>A Systematic Investigation into the Extraction of Aluminum from Coal Spoil through Kaolinite</title><title>Environmental science & technology</title><addtitle>Environ. Sci. Technol</addtitle><description>This research has applied kaolin and active carbon (AC) to the investigation of the recovery of aluminum from coal spol (CS). The kaolin, AC-containing kaolin mixture, and CS have been calcined at 500, 600, 700, 800, and 900 °C for 15, 30, 60, and 120 min. The transformation of kaolinite and aluminum extraction that occurred in each calcined sample have been characterized using XRD, TG, IR, and hydrochloric acid leaching methods. The dehydroxylation of kaolinite and the decomposition of metakaolin were influenced by thermal treatment temperature and time. The metakaolin had kept a portion of OH− in its structure until it was calcined at a temperature of 800 °C. Under 60 min treatment, new SiO2 phase was able to be formed at 500 °C, kaolinite was totally converted to metakaolin at 600 °C, and the SiO2 rejoined the reaction at 800 °C. The decompositions of CS were similar to those of kaolin mixture containing 20 wt % AC (MKC). The combustion of combustible matter accelerated the decomposition of kaolinite in the CS and MKC. Higher AC content led to lower aluminum extraction. The treatment at 600 °C was optimal for both CS and MKC.</description><subject>01 COAL, LIGNITE, AND PEAT</subject><subject>ACTIVATED CARBON</subject><subject>ALUMINIUM</subject><subject>Aluminum</subject><subject>Aluminum - isolation & purification</subject><subject>Applied sciences</subject><subject>CALCINATION</subject><subject>COAL</subject><subject>COMBUSTION</subject><subject>DECOMPOSITION</subject><subject>DEHYDROXYLATION</subject><subject>DEMETALLIZATION</subject><subject>Exact sciences and technology</subject><subject>Hot Temperature</subject><subject>HYDROCHLORIC ACID</subject><subject>INFRARED SPECTRA</subject><subject>KAOLIN</subject><subject>Kaolin - chemistry</subject><subject>KAOLINITE</subject><subject>Leaching</subject><subject>MATERIALS RECOVERY</subject><subject>MINERAL WASTES</subject><subject>Mongolia</subject><subject>Pollution</subject><subject>PYROLYSIS</subject><subject>SILICON OXIDES</subject><subject>SOLVENT EXTRACTION</subject><subject>Sustainability Engineering and Green Chemistry</subject><subject>Temperature</subject><subject>TEMPERATURE DEPENDENCE</subject><subject>THERMAL GRAVIMETRIC ANALYSIS</subject><subject>TIME DEPENDENCE</subject><subject>X-RAY DIFFRACTION</subject><issn>0013-936X</issn><issn>1520-5851</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2008</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><sourceid>EIF</sourceid><recordid>eNp90V1rFDEUBuAgil2rF_4BCYqKF6MnyeTrclmrFgtWtoIXQkizmW7qTLImM9L-e6O77IKCVyHJw8l5cxB6TOA1AUre-KKASK2mO2hGOIWGK07uohkAYY1m4usRelDKNQBQBuo-OiIahFItn6Fvc7y8LaMf7BgcPo0_fRnDVd2kiEMcEx7XHp_cjNm6P2epw_N-GkKcBtzlNOBFsj1eblLoK81pulrjjzb1IYbRP0T3OtsX_2i3HqMv704uFh-as0_vTxfzs8a2Qo0Np7ZbeS_VynJmqQawwpNWMeKcl15yTXxNQgS1VHlLKau9dwIuPVEdWXF2jJ5t66bavCmuPu3WLsXo3WgoIVSAplW93KpNTj-mmtMMoTjf9zb6NBUjectbBhyqfPFfKbSSIKSq8Olf8DpNOdaspv40qX0yXdGrLXI5lZJ9ZzY5DDbfGgLm9_zMfn7VPtkVnC4HvzrI3cAqeL4Dtjjbd9lGF8reUVBCV1lds3WhDvdmf2_zdyMkk9xcnC-NoueftXhLzeJQ17pyCPFvg78Ac167vw</recordid><startdate>20081115</startdate><enddate>20081115</enddate><creator>Qiao, X. C</creator><creator>Si, P</creator><creator>Yu, J. G</creator><general>American Chemical Society</general><scope>BSCLL</scope><scope>IQODW</scope><scope>CGR</scope><scope>CUY</scope><scope>CVF</scope><scope>ECM</scope><scope>EIF</scope><scope>NPM</scope><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>7QO</scope><scope>7ST</scope><scope>7T7</scope><scope>7U7</scope><scope>8FD</scope><scope>C1K</scope><scope>FR3</scope><scope>P64</scope><scope>SOI</scope><scope>7X8</scope><scope>7TV</scope><scope>OTOTI</scope></search><sort><creationdate>20081115</creationdate><title>A Systematic Investigation into the Extraction of Aluminum from Coal Spoil through Kaolinite</title><author>Qiao, X. C ; Si, P ; Yu, J. G</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-a468t-52afdee78da53a2900a6e14831cce7e7591e013162a28ea223884f60be18f1d53</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2008</creationdate><topic>01 COAL, LIGNITE, AND PEAT</topic><topic>ACTIVATED CARBON</topic><topic>ALUMINIUM</topic><topic>Aluminum</topic><topic>Aluminum - isolation & purification</topic><topic>Applied sciences</topic><topic>CALCINATION</topic><topic>COAL</topic><topic>COMBUSTION</topic><topic>DECOMPOSITION</topic><topic>DEHYDROXYLATION</topic><topic>DEMETALLIZATION</topic><topic>Exact sciences and technology</topic><topic>Hot Temperature</topic><topic>HYDROCHLORIC ACID</topic><topic>INFRARED SPECTRA</topic><topic>KAOLIN</topic><topic>Kaolin - chemistry</topic><topic>KAOLINITE</topic><topic>Leaching</topic><topic>MATERIALS RECOVERY</topic><topic>MINERAL WASTES</topic><topic>Mongolia</topic><topic>Pollution</topic><topic>PYROLYSIS</topic><topic>SILICON OXIDES</topic><topic>SOLVENT EXTRACTION</topic><topic>Sustainability Engineering and Green Chemistry</topic><topic>Temperature</topic><topic>TEMPERATURE DEPENDENCE</topic><topic>THERMAL GRAVIMETRIC ANALYSIS</topic><topic>TIME DEPENDENCE</topic><topic>X-RAY DIFFRACTION</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Qiao, X. C</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Si, P</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Yu, J. G</creatorcontrib><collection>Istex</collection><collection>Pascal-Francis</collection><collection>Medline</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE (Ovid)</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>PubMed</collection><collection>CrossRef</collection><collection>Biotechnology Research Abstracts</collection><collection>Environment Abstracts</collection><collection>Industrial and Applied Microbiology Abstracts (Microbiology A)</collection><collection>Toxicology Abstracts</collection><collection>Technology Research Database</collection><collection>Environmental Sciences and Pollution Management</collection><collection>Engineering Research Database</collection><collection>Biotechnology and BioEngineering Abstracts</collection><collection>Environment Abstracts</collection><collection>MEDLINE - Academic</collection><collection>Pollution Abstracts</collection><collection>OSTI.GOV</collection><jtitle>Environmental science & technology</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Qiao, X. C</au><au>Si, P</au><au>Yu, J. G</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>A Systematic Investigation into the Extraction of Aluminum from Coal Spoil through Kaolinite</atitle><jtitle>Environmental science & technology</jtitle><addtitle>Environ. Sci. Technol</addtitle><date>2008-11-15</date><risdate>2008</risdate><volume>42</volume><issue>22</issue><spage>8541</spage><epage>8546</epage><pages>8541-8546</pages><issn>0013-936X</issn><eissn>1520-5851</eissn><coden>ESTHAG</coden><abstract>This research has applied kaolin and active carbon (AC) to the investigation of the recovery of aluminum from coal spol (CS). The kaolin, AC-containing kaolin mixture, and CS have been calcined at 500, 600, 700, 800, and 900 °C for 15, 30, 60, and 120 min. The transformation of kaolinite and aluminum extraction that occurred in each calcined sample have been characterized using XRD, TG, IR, and hydrochloric acid leaching methods. The dehydroxylation of kaolinite and the decomposition of metakaolin were influenced by thermal treatment temperature and time. The metakaolin had kept a portion of OH− in its structure until it was calcined at a temperature of 800 °C. Under 60 min treatment, new SiO2 phase was able to be formed at 500 °C, kaolinite was totally converted to metakaolin at 600 °C, and the SiO2 rejoined the reaction at 800 °C. The decompositions of CS were similar to those of kaolin mixture containing 20 wt % AC (MKC). The combustion of combustible matter accelerated the decomposition of kaolinite in the CS and MKC. Higher AC content led to lower aluminum extraction. The treatment at 600 °C was optimal for both CS and MKC.</abstract><cop>Washington, DC</cop><pub>American Chemical Society</pub><pmid>19068845</pmid><doi>10.1021/es801798u</doi><tpages>6</tpages></addata></record> |
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| source | MEDLINE; ACS Publications |
| subjects | 01 COAL, LIGNITE, AND PEAT ACTIVATED CARBON ALUMINIUM Aluminum Aluminum - isolation & purification Applied sciences CALCINATION COAL COMBUSTION DECOMPOSITION DEHYDROXYLATION DEMETALLIZATION Exact sciences and technology Hot Temperature HYDROCHLORIC ACID INFRARED SPECTRA KAOLIN Kaolin - chemistry KAOLINITE Leaching MATERIALS RECOVERY MINERAL WASTES Mongolia Pollution PYROLYSIS SILICON OXIDES SOLVENT EXTRACTION Sustainability Engineering and Green Chemistry Temperature TEMPERATURE DEPENDENCE THERMAL GRAVIMETRIC ANALYSIS TIME DEPENDENCE X-RAY DIFFRACTION |
| title | A Systematic Investigation into the Extraction of Aluminum from Coal Spoil through Kaolinite |
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