Processes Affecting Oxygen Isotope Ratios of Atmospheric and Ecosystem Sulfate in Two Contrasting Forest Catchments in Central Europe
Sulfate aerosols are harmful as respirable particles. They also play a role as cloud condensation nuclei and have radiative effects on global climate. A combination of δ18O−SO4 data with catchment sulfur mass balances was used to constrain processes affecting S cycling in the atmosphere and spruce f...
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| Veröffentlicht in: | Environmental science & technology 2007-02, Vol.41 (3), p.703-709 |
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| creator | Novák, Martin Mitchell, Myron J Jačková, Iva Buzek, František Schweigstillová, Jana Erbanová, Lucie Přikryl, Richard Fottová, Daniela |
| description | Sulfate aerosols are harmful as respirable particles. They also play a role as cloud condensation nuclei and have radiative effects on global climate. A combination of δ18O−SO4 data with catchment sulfur mass balances was used to constrain processes affecting S cycling in the atmosphere and spruce forests of the Czech Republic. Extremely high S fluxes via spruce throughfall and runoff were measured at Jezeri (49 and 80 kg S ha-1 yr-1, respectively). The second catchment, Na Lizu, was 10 times less polluted. In both catchments, δ18O−SO4 decreased in the following order: open-area precipitation > throughfall > runoff. The δ18O−SO4 values of throughfall exhibited a seasonal pattern at both sites, with maxima in summer and minima in winter. This seasonal pattern paralleled δ18O−H2O values, which were offset by −18‰. Sulfate in throughfall was predominantly formed by heterogeneous (aqueous) oxidation of SO2. Wet-deposited sulfate in an open area did not show systematic δ18O−SO4 trends, suggesting formation by homogeneous (gaseous) oxidation and/or transport from large distances. The percentage of incoming S that is organically cycled in soil was similar under the high and the low pollution. High-temperature 18O-rich sulfate was not detected, which contrasts with North American industrial sites. |
| doi_str_mv | 10.1021/es0610028 |
| format | Article |
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They also play a role as cloud condensation nuclei and have radiative effects on global climate. A combination of δ18O−SO4 data with catchment sulfur mass balances was used to constrain processes affecting S cycling in the atmosphere and spruce forests of the Czech Republic. Extremely high S fluxes via spruce throughfall and runoff were measured at Jezeri (49 and 80 kg S ha-1 yr-1, respectively). The second catchment, Na Lizu, was 10 times less polluted. In both catchments, δ18O−SO4 decreased in the following order: open-area precipitation > throughfall > runoff. The δ18O−SO4 values of throughfall exhibited a seasonal pattern at both sites, with maxima in summer and minima in winter. This seasonal pattern paralleled δ18O−H2O values, which were offset by −18‰. Sulfate in throughfall was predominantly formed by heterogeneous (aqueous) oxidation of SO2. Wet-deposited sulfate in an open area did not show systematic δ18O−SO4 trends, suggesting formation by homogeneous (gaseous) oxidation and/or transport from large distances. The percentage of incoming S that is organically cycled in soil was similar under the high and the low pollution. High-temperature 18O-rich sulfate was not detected, which contrasts with North American industrial sites.</description><identifier>ISSN: 0013-936X</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1520-5851</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1021/es0610028</identifier><identifier>PMID: 17328173</identifier><identifier>CODEN: ESTHAG</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>Washington, DC: American Chemical Society</publisher><subject>AEROSOLS ; Air Pollutants - analysis ; AIR POLLUTION ; AIR POLLUTION MONITORING ; Animal, plant and microbial ecology ; Applied ecology ; Applied sciences ; Atmosphere ; ATMOSPHERIC PRECIPITATIONS ; Biological and medical sciences ; Climate ; CLIMATIC CHANGE ; Comparative analysis ; CZECH REPUBLIC ; DEPOSITION ; Earth sciences ; Earth, ocean, space ; Ecosystem ; Ecotoxicology, biological effects of pollution ; Engineering and environment geology. 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Psychology ; Global environmental pollution ; ISOTOPE RATIO ; MASS TRANSFER ; North America ; OXIDATION ; OXYGEN 18 ; Oxygen Isotopes - analysis ; Pollution ; Pollution, environment geology ; Rain ; SEASONAL VARIATIONS ; Seasons ; SPRUCES ; SULFATES ; Sulfates - analysis ; SULFUR CYCLE ; SULFUR DIOXIDE ; Sulfuric acid ; Terrestrial environment, soil, air ; Trees</subject><ispartof>Environmental science & technology, 2007-02, Vol.41 (3), p.703-709</ispartof><rights>Copyright © 2007 American Chemical Society</rights><rights>2007 INIST-CNRS</rights><rights>Copyright American Chemical Society Feb 1, 2007</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-a498t-141f9dd64b523bfc4257aeaee1be9dcccafb8431dfb57f18f10289cf7f18ceef3</citedby><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-a498t-141f9dd64b523bfc4257aeaee1be9dcccafb8431dfb57f18f10289cf7f18ceef3</cites></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><linktopdf>$$Uhttps://pubs.acs.org/doi/pdf/10.1021/es0610028$$EPDF$$P50$$Gacs$$H</linktopdf><linktohtml>$$Uhttps://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/es0610028$$EHTML$$P50$$Gacs$$H</linktohtml><link.rule.ids>230,314,777,781,882,2752,27057,27905,27906,56719,56769</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttp://pascal-francis.inist.fr/vibad/index.php?action=getRecordDetail&idt=18501776$$DView record in Pascal Francis$$Hfree_for_read</backlink><backlink>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17328173$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed$$Hfree_for_read</backlink><backlink>$$Uhttps://www.osti.gov/biblio/20862365$$D View this record in Osti.gov$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><creatorcontrib>Novák, Martin</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Mitchell, Myron J</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Jačková, Iva</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Buzek, František</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Schweigstillová, Jana</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Erbanová, Lucie</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Přikryl, Richard</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Fottová, Daniela</creatorcontrib><title>Processes Affecting Oxygen Isotope Ratios of Atmospheric and Ecosystem Sulfate in Two Contrasting Forest Catchments in Central Europe</title><title>Environmental science & technology</title><addtitle>Environ. Sci. Technol</addtitle><description>Sulfate aerosols are harmful as respirable particles. They also play a role as cloud condensation nuclei and have radiative effects on global climate. A combination of δ18O−SO4 data with catchment sulfur mass balances was used to constrain processes affecting S cycling in the atmosphere and spruce forests of the Czech Republic. Extremely high S fluxes via spruce throughfall and runoff were measured at Jezeri (49 and 80 kg S ha-1 yr-1, respectively). The second catchment, Na Lizu, was 10 times less polluted. In both catchments, δ18O−SO4 decreased in the following order: open-area precipitation > throughfall > runoff. The δ18O−SO4 values of throughfall exhibited a seasonal pattern at both sites, with maxima in summer and minima in winter. This seasonal pattern paralleled δ18O−H2O values, which were offset by −18‰. Sulfate in throughfall was predominantly formed by heterogeneous (aqueous) oxidation of SO2. Wet-deposited sulfate in an open area did not show systematic δ18O−SO4 trends, suggesting formation by homogeneous (gaseous) oxidation and/or transport from large distances. The percentage of incoming S that is organically cycled in soil was similar under the high and the low pollution. High-temperature 18O-rich sulfate was not detected, which contrasts with North American industrial sites.</description><subject>AEROSOLS</subject><subject>Air Pollutants - analysis</subject><subject>AIR POLLUTION</subject><subject>AIR POLLUTION MONITORING</subject><subject>Animal, plant and microbial ecology</subject><subject>Applied ecology</subject><subject>Applied sciences</subject><subject>Atmosphere</subject><subject>ATMOSPHERIC PRECIPITATIONS</subject><subject>Biological and medical sciences</subject><subject>Climate</subject><subject>CLIMATIC CHANGE</subject><subject>Comparative analysis</subject><subject>CZECH REPUBLIC</subject><subject>DEPOSITION</subject><subject>Earth sciences</subject><subject>Earth, ocean, space</subject><subject>Ecosystem</subject><subject>Ecotoxicology, biological effects of pollution</subject><subject>Engineering and environment geology. 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Psychology</subject><subject>Global environmental pollution</subject><subject>ISOTOPE RATIO</subject><subject>MASS TRANSFER</subject><subject>North America</subject><subject>OXIDATION</subject><subject>OXYGEN 18</subject><subject>Oxygen Isotopes - analysis</subject><subject>Pollution</subject><subject>Pollution, environment geology</subject><subject>Rain</subject><subject>SEASONAL VARIATIONS</subject><subject>Seasons</subject><subject>SPRUCES</subject><subject>SULFATES</subject><subject>Sulfates - analysis</subject><subject>SULFUR CYCLE</subject><subject>SULFUR DIOXIDE</subject><subject>Sulfuric acid</subject><subject>Terrestrial environment, soil, air</subject><subject>Trees</subject><issn>0013-936X</issn><issn>1520-5851</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2007</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><sourceid>EIF</sourceid><recordid>eNqF0UFv0zAUB_AIgVgZHPgCyAKBxCFgJ3HiHKuqGxMVm7oiuFmO87xmJHbxc7T1A_C9cWm1SnDgYlvyT8_v-Z8kLxn9wGjGPgLSklGaiUfJhPGMplxw9jiZUMrytM7L7yfJM8RbGklOxdPkhFV5JuIySX5deacBEZBMjQEdOntDLu-3N2DJBbrgNkCWKnQOiTNkGgaHmzX4ThNlWzLXDrcYYCDXY29UANJZsrpzZOZs8Ar_VDtzHjCQmQp6PYANuEMz2IGezEcfn3iePDGqR3hx2E-Tr2fz1exTurg8v5hNF6kqahFSVjBTt21ZNDzLG6OLjFcKFABroG611so0oshZaxpeGSZM_B1Ra7M7awCTnyZv9nVdbE2i7gLotXbWxsFlRkWZ5SWP6t1ebbz7Ocbe5dChhr5XFtyIEVZcFPGh_0FWVHXFaRnh67_grRu9jaPKmAgrioLWEb3fI-0dogcjN74blN9KRuUuZ_mQc7SvDgXHZoD2KA_BRvD2ABRq1RuvrO7w6ASnrKp2naV718UY7x_ulf8hyyqvuFxdXcvF8tuSfhZMfjnWVRqPQ_zb4G87gcvd</recordid><startdate>20070201</startdate><enddate>20070201</enddate><creator>Novák, Martin</creator><creator>Mitchell, Myron J</creator><creator>Jačková, Iva</creator><creator>Buzek, František</creator><creator>Schweigstillová, Jana</creator><creator>Erbanová, Lucie</creator><creator>Přikryl, Richard</creator><creator>Fottová, Daniela</creator><general>American Chemical Society</general><scope>BSCLL</scope><scope>IQODW</scope><scope>CGR</scope><scope>CUY</scope><scope>CVF</scope><scope>ECM</scope><scope>EIF</scope><scope>NPM</scope><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>7QO</scope><scope>7ST</scope><scope>7T7</scope><scope>7U7</scope><scope>8FD</scope><scope>C1K</scope><scope>FR3</scope><scope>P64</scope><scope>SOI</scope><scope>7TV</scope><scope>7U6</scope><scope>7UA</scope><scope>F1W</scope><scope>H97</scope><scope>L.G</scope><scope>OTOTI</scope></search><sort><creationdate>20070201</creationdate><title>Processes Affecting Oxygen Isotope Ratios of Atmospheric and Ecosystem Sulfate in Two Contrasting Forest Catchments in Central Europe</title><author>Novák, Martin ; Mitchell, Myron J ; Jačková, Iva ; Buzek, František ; Schweigstillová, Jana ; Erbanová, Lucie ; Přikryl, Richard ; Fottová, Daniela</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-a498t-141f9dd64b523bfc4257aeaee1be9dcccafb8431dfb57f18f10289cf7f18ceef3</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2007</creationdate><topic>AEROSOLS</topic><topic>Air Pollutants - analysis</topic><topic>AIR POLLUTION</topic><topic>AIR POLLUTION MONITORING</topic><topic>Animal, plant and microbial ecology</topic><topic>Applied ecology</topic><topic>Applied sciences</topic><topic>Atmosphere</topic><topic>ATMOSPHERIC PRECIPITATIONS</topic><topic>Biological and medical sciences</topic><topic>Climate</topic><topic>CLIMATIC CHANGE</topic><topic>Comparative analysis</topic><topic>CZECH REPUBLIC</topic><topic>DEPOSITION</topic><topic>Earth sciences</topic><topic>Earth, ocean, space</topic><topic>Ecosystem</topic><topic>Ecotoxicology, biological effects of pollution</topic><topic>Engineering and environment geology. Geothermics</topic><topic>Environmental Monitoring</topic><topic>ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES</topic><topic>ENVIRONMENTAL TRANSPORT</topic><topic>EUROPE</topic><topic>Exact sciences and technology</topic><topic>FORESTS</topic><topic>Freshwater</topic><topic>Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology</topic><topic>Global environmental pollution</topic><topic>ISOTOPE RATIO</topic><topic>MASS TRANSFER</topic><topic>North America</topic><topic>OXIDATION</topic><topic>OXYGEN 18</topic><topic>Oxygen Isotopes - analysis</topic><topic>Pollution</topic><topic>Pollution, environment geology</topic><topic>Rain</topic><topic>SEASONAL VARIATIONS</topic><topic>Seasons</topic><topic>SPRUCES</topic><topic>SULFATES</topic><topic>Sulfates - analysis</topic><topic>SULFUR CYCLE</topic><topic>SULFUR DIOXIDE</topic><topic>Sulfuric acid</topic><topic>Terrestrial environment, soil, air</topic><topic>Trees</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Novák, Martin</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Mitchell, Myron J</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Jačková, Iva</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Buzek, František</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Schweigstillová, Jana</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Erbanová, Lucie</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Přikryl, Richard</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Fottová, Daniela</creatorcontrib><collection>Istex</collection><collection>Pascal-Francis</collection><collection>Medline</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE (Ovid)</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>PubMed</collection><collection>CrossRef</collection><collection>Biotechnology Research Abstracts</collection><collection>Environment Abstracts</collection><collection>Industrial and Applied Microbiology Abstracts (Microbiology A)</collection><collection>Toxicology Abstracts</collection><collection>Technology Research Database</collection><collection>Environmental Sciences and Pollution Management</collection><collection>Engineering Research Database</collection><collection>Biotechnology and BioEngineering Abstracts</collection><collection>Environment Abstracts</collection><collection>Pollution Abstracts</collection><collection>Sustainability Science Abstracts</collection><collection>Water Resources Abstracts</collection><collection>ASFA: Aquatic Sciences and Fisheries Abstracts</collection><collection>Aquatic Science & Fisheries Abstracts (ASFA) 3: Aquatic Pollution & Environmental Quality</collection><collection>Aquatic Science & Fisheries Abstracts (ASFA) Professional</collection><collection>OSTI.GOV</collection><jtitle>Environmental science & technology</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Novák, Martin</au><au>Mitchell, Myron J</au><au>Jačková, Iva</au><au>Buzek, František</au><au>Schweigstillová, Jana</au><au>Erbanová, Lucie</au><au>Přikryl, Richard</au><au>Fottová, Daniela</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Processes Affecting Oxygen Isotope Ratios of Atmospheric and Ecosystem Sulfate in Two Contrasting Forest Catchments in Central Europe</atitle><jtitle>Environmental science & technology</jtitle><addtitle>Environ. Sci. Technol</addtitle><date>2007-02-01</date><risdate>2007</risdate><volume>41</volume><issue>3</issue><spage>703</spage><epage>709</epage><pages>703-709</pages><issn>0013-936X</issn><eissn>1520-5851</eissn><coden>ESTHAG</coden><abstract>Sulfate aerosols are harmful as respirable particles. They also play a role as cloud condensation nuclei and have radiative effects on global climate. A combination of δ18O−SO4 data with catchment sulfur mass balances was used to constrain processes affecting S cycling in the atmosphere and spruce forests of the Czech Republic. Extremely high S fluxes via spruce throughfall and runoff were measured at Jezeri (49 and 80 kg S ha-1 yr-1, respectively). The second catchment, Na Lizu, was 10 times less polluted. In both catchments, δ18O−SO4 decreased in the following order: open-area precipitation > throughfall > runoff. The δ18O−SO4 values of throughfall exhibited a seasonal pattern at both sites, with maxima in summer and minima in winter. This seasonal pattern paralleled δ18O−H2O values, which were offset by −18‰. Sulfate in throughfall was predominantly formed by heterogeneous (aqueous) oxidation of SO2. Wet-deposited sulfate in an open area did not show systematic δ18O−SO4 trends, suggesting formation by homogeneous (gaseous) oxidation and/or transport from large distances. The percentage of incoming S that is organically cycled in soil was similar under the high and the low pollution. High-temperature 18O-rich sulfate was not detected, which contrasts with North American industrial sites.</abstract><cop>Washington, DC</cop><pub>American Chemical Society</pub><pmid>17328173</pmid><doi>10.1021/es0610028</doi><tpages>7</tpages></addata></record> |
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| ispartof | Environmental science & technology, 2007-02, Vol.41 (3), p.703-709 |
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| subjects | AEROSOLS Air Pollutants - analysis AIR POLLUTION AIR POLLUTION MONITORING Animal, plant and microbial ecology Applied ecology Applied sciences Atmosphere ATMOSPHERIC PRECIPITATIONS Biological and medical sciences Climate CLIMATIC CHANGE Comparative analysis CZECH REPUBLIC DEPOSITION Earth sciences Earth, ocean, space Ecosystem Ecotoxicology, biological effects of pollution Engineering and environment geology. Geothermics Environmental Monitoring ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES ENVIRONMENTAL TRANSPORT EUROPE Exact sciences and technology FORESTS Freshwater Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology Global environmental pollution ISOTOPE RATIO MASS TRANSFER North America OXIDATION OXYGEN 18 Oxygen Isotopes - analysis Pollution Pollution, environment geology Rain SEASONAL VARIATIONS Seasons SPRUCES SULFATES Sulfates - analysis SULFUR CYCLE SULFUR DIOXIDE Sulfuric acid Terrestrial environment, soil, air Trees |
| title | Processes Affecting Oxygen Isotope Ratios of Atmospheric and Ecosystem Sulfate in Two Contrasting Forest Catchments in Central Europe |
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