Voltage-induced broad-spectrum reflectivity change with surface-plasmon waves
Voltage-induced broad-spectrum reflectivity change with surface-plasmon waves is reported. When white light is incident at a metal/electro-optical material interface, surface-plasmon waves can be excited under phase match conditions. This surface-plasmon resonance depends on the dielectric constants...
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Veröffentlicht in: | Journal of applied physics 2005-01, Vol.97 (2), p.023708-023708-5 |
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container_title | Journal of applied physics |
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creator | Wang, Yu Russell, Stephen D. Shimabukuro, Randy L. |
description | Voltage-induced broad-spectrum reflectivity change with surface-plasmon waves is reported. When white light is incident at a metal/electro-optical material interface, surface-plasmon waves can be excited under phase match conditions. This surface-plasmon resonance depends on the dielectric constants of both the metal and the electro-optical material. Photons in the surface-plasmon resonance wavelength range are absorbed by the interface. Since metals have large imaginary parts of their dielectric constants, the surface-plasmon resonances are broad and may cover all visible wavelengths. Applying voltage to the electro-optical material to change its dielectric constant can result in a change in the reflectivity at the interface. Experimental results showed a reflectivity change from almost 0% to about 40% under an applied voltage using a liquid-crystal and nickel film structure, and the results had good agreement with theoretical calculations. The theoretical calculations also predicted a 90% reflectivity recovery by exciting surface-plasmon waves at a Rh-Al/electro-optical material interface. These results demonstrate that a high efficiency white light modulator can be built using surface-plasmon excitations. |
doi_str_mv | 10.1063/1.1830093 |
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When white light is incident at a metal/electro-optical material interface, surface-plasmon waves can be excited under phase match conditions. This surface-plasmon resonance depends on the dielectric constants of both the metal and the electro-optical material. Photons in the surface-plasmon resonance wavelength range are absorbed by the interface. Since metals have large imaginary parts of their dielectric constants, the surface-plasmon resonances are broad and may cover all visible wavelengths. Applying voltage to the electro-optical material to change its dielectric constant can result in a change in the reflectivity at the interface. Experimental results showed a reflectivity change from almost 0% to about 40% under an applied voltage using a liquid-crystal and nickel film structure, and the results had good agreement with theoretical calculations. The theoretical calculations also predicted a 90% reflectivity recovery by exciting surface-plasmon waves at a Rh-Al/electro-optical material interface. These results demonstrate that a high efficiency white light modulator can be built using surface-plasmon excitations.</description><identifier>ISSN: 0021-8979</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1089-7550</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1063/1.1830093</identifier><identifier>CODEN: JAPIAU</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>United States: American Institute of Physics</publisher><subject>CLASSICAL AND QUANTUM MECHANICS, GENERAL PHYSICS ; DIELECTRIC MATERIALS ; ELECTRIC POTENTIAL ; EXCITATION ; INTERFACES ; LIQUID CRYSTALS ; NICKEL ; PERMITTIVITY ; PHOTONS ; PLASMONS ; REFLECTIVITY ; RESONANCE ; SURFACES ; THIN FILMS ; VISIBLE RADIATION ; WAVELENGTHS</subject><ispartof>Journal of applied physics, 2005-01, Vol.97 (2), p.023708-023708-5</ispartof><rights>2005 American Institute of Physics</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c312t-643fc8b954bafe08825f9037b0a7042b4026446c793cae338af2820fd23feb013</citedby><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c312t-643fc8b954bafe08825f9037b0a7042b4026446c793cae338af2820fd23feb013</cites></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><linktohtml>$$Uhttps://pubs.aip.org/jap/article-lookup/doi/10.1063/1.1830093$$EHTML$$P50$$Gscitation$$H</linktohtml><link.rule.ids>230,314,780,784,794,885,1559,4511,27923,27924,76255,76261</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttps://www.osti.gov/biblio/20664999$$D View this record in Osti.gov$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><creatorcontrib>Wang, Yu</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Russell, Stephen D.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Shimabukuro, Randy L.</creatorcontrib><title>Voltage-induced broad-spectrum reflectivity change with surface-plasmon waves</title><title>Journal of applied physics</title><description>Voltage-induced broad-spectrum reflectivity change with surface-plasmon waves is reported. When white light is incident at a metal/electro-optical material interface, surface-plasmon waves can be excited under phase match conditions. This surface-plasmon resonance depends on the dielectric constants of both the metal and the electro-optical material. Photons in the surface-plasmon resonance wavelength range are absorbed by the interface. Since metals have large imaginary parts of their dielectric constants, the surface-plasmon resonances are broad and may cover all visible wavelengths. Applying voltage to the electro-optical material to change its dielectric constant can result in a change in the reflectivity at the interface. Experimental results showed a reflectivity change from almost 0% to about 40% under an applied voltage using a liquid-crystal and nickel film structure, and the results had good agreement with theoretical calculations. The theoretical calculations also predicted a 90% reflectivity recovery by exciting surface-plasmon waves at a Rh-Al/electro-optical material interface. These results demonstrate that a high efficiency white light modulator can be built using surface-plasmon excitations.</description><subject>CLASSICAL AND QUANTUM MECHANICS, GENERAL PHYSICS</subject><subject>DIELECTRIC MATERIALS</subject><subject>ELECTRIC POTENTIAL</subject><subject>EXCITATION</subject><subject>INTERFACES</subject><subject>LIQUID CRYSTALS</subject><subject>NICKEL</subject><subject>PERMITTIVITY</subject><subject>PHOTONS</subject><subject>PLASMONS</subject><subject>REFLECTIVITY</subject><subject>RESONANCE</subject><subject>SURFACES</subject><subject>THIN FILMS</subject><subject>VISIBLE RADIATION</subject><subject>WAVELENGTHS</subject><issn>0021-8979</issn><issn>1089-7550</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2005</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><recordid>eNp1kEtLAzEUhYMoWKsL_8GAKxepN4-ZSTaCFF9QcaNuQyaTtJHppCRpS_-9UzpbV_csPg7nfgjdEpgRqNgDmRHBACQ7QxMCQuK6LOEcTQAowULW8hJdpfQLQAZOTtDHT-iyXlrs-3ZrbFs0MegWp401OW7XRbSuG6Lf-XwozEr3S1vsfV4VaRudNhZvOp3WoS_2emfTNbpwukv2ZrxT9P3y_DV_w4vP1_f50wIbRmjGFWfOiEaWvNHOghC0dBJY3YCugdOGA604r0wtmdGWMaEdFRRcS5mzDRA2RXen3pCyV8n4bM3KhL4fpioKVcWllAN1f6JMDCkNn6hN9GsdD4qAOtpSRI22BvbxxB7LdPah_x8elalRmToqY38t5HG2</recordid><startdate>20050115</startdate><enddate>20050115</enddate><creator>Wang, Yu</creator><creator>Russell, Stephen D.</creator><creator>Shimabukuro, Randy L.</creator><general>American Institute of Physics</general><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>OTOTI</scope></search><sort><creationdate>20050115</creationdate><title>Voltage-induced broad-spectrum reflectivity change with surface-plasmon waves</title><author>Wang, Yu ; Russell, Stephen D. ; Shimabukuro, Randy L.</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c312t-643fc8b954bafe08825f9037b0a7042b4026446c793cae338af2820fd23feb013</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2005</creationdate><topic>CLASSICAL AND QUANTUM MECHANICS, GENERAL PHYSICS</topic><topic>DIELECTRIC MATERIALS</topic><topic>ELECTRIC POTENTIAL</topic><topic>EXCITATION</topic><topic>INTERFACES</topic><topic>LIQUID CRYSTALS</topic><topic>NICKEL</topic><topic>PERMITTIVITY</topic><topic>PHOTONS</topic><topic>PLASMONS</topic><topic>REFLECTIVITY</topic><topic>RESONANCE</topic><topic>SURFACES</topic><topic>THIN FILMS</topic><topic>VISIBLE RADIATION</topic><topic>WAVELENGTHS</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Wang, Yu</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Russell, Stephen D.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Shimabukuro, Randy L.</creatorcontrib><collection>CrossRef</collection><collection>OSTI.GOV</collection><jtitle>Journal of applied physics</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Wang, Yu</au><au>Russell, Stephen D.</au><au>Shimabukuro, Randy L.</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Voltage-induced broad-spectrum reflectivity change with surface-plasmon waves</atitle><jtitle>Journal of applied physics</jtitle><date>2005-01-15</date><risdate>2005</risdate><volume>97</volume><issue>2</issue><spage>023708</spage><epage>023708-5</epage><pages>023708-023708-5</pages><issn>0021-8979</issn><eissn>1089-7550</eissn><coden>JAPIAU</coden><abstract>Voltage-induced broad-spectrum reflectivity change with surface-plasmon waves is reported. When white light is incident at a metal/electro-optical material interface, surface-plasmon waves can be excited under phase match conditions. This surface-plasmon resonance depends on the dielectric constants of both the metal and the electro-optical material. Photons in the surface-plasmon resonance wavelength range are absorbed by the interface. Since metals have large imaginary parts of their dielectric constants, the surface-plasmon resonances are broad and may cover all visible wavelengths. Applying voltage to the electro-optical material to change its dielectric constant can result in a change in the reflectivity at the interface. Experimental results showed a reflectivity change from almost 0% to about 40% under an applied voltage using a liquid-crystal and nickel film structure, and the results had good agreement with theoretical calculations. The theoretical calculations also predicted a 90% reflectivity recovery by exciting surface-plasmon waves at a Rh-Al/electro-optical material interface. These results demonstrate that a high efficiency white light modulator can be built using surface-plasmon excitations.</abstract><cop>United States</cop><pub>American Institute of Physics</pub><doi>10.1063/1.1830093</doi></addata></record> |
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subjects | CLASSICAL AND QUANTUM MECHANICS, GENERAL PHYSICS DIELECTRIC MATERIALS ELECTRIC POTENTIAL EXCITATION INTERFACES LIQUID CRYSTALS NICKEL PERMITTIVITY PHOTONS PLASMONS REFLECTIVITY RESONANCE SURFACES THIN FILMS VISIBLE RADIATION WAVELENGTHS |
title | Voltage-induced broad-spectrum reflectivity change with surface-plasmon waves |
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