Negative hydrogen ion sources for particle accelerators: Sustainability issues and recent improvements in long-term operations
High brightness, negative hydrogen ion sources are used extensively in scientific facilities operating worldwide. Negative hydrogen beams have become the preferred means of filling circular accelerators and storage rings as well as enabling efficient extraction from cyclotrons. Several well-known fa...
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| Veröffentlicht in: | Journal of physics. Conference series 2022-04, Vol.2244 (1), p.12045 |
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| creator | Welton, Robert Bollinger, Dan Dehnel, Morgan Draganic, Ilija Faircloth, Dan Han, Baoxi Lettry, Jacques Stockli, Martin Tarvainen, Olli Ueno, Akira |
| description | High brightness, negative hydrogen ion sources are used extensively in scientific facilities operating worldwide. Negative hydrogen beams have become the preferred means of filling circular accelerators and storage rings as well as enabling efficient extraction from cyclotrons. Several well-known facilities now have considerable experience with operating a variety of sources such as RF-, filament-, magnetron- and Penning-type H
-
ion sources. These facilities include the US Spallation Neutron Source (SNS), Japan Proton Accelerator Research Complex (J-PARC), Rutherford Appleton Laboratory (RAL-ISIS), Los Alamos Neutron Science Center (LANSCE), Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory (FNAL), Brookhaven National Laboratory (BNL), numerous installations of D-Pace (licenced by TRIUMF) ion sources used mainly on cyclotrons and, most recently, the CERN-LINAC-1 injector. This report first summarizes the current performance of these ion sources in routine, daily operations with attention toward source service-periods and availability metrics. Sustainability issues encountered at each facility are also reported and categorized to identify areas of common concern and key issues. Recent ion source improvements to address these issues are also discussed as well as plans for meeting future facility upgrade requirements. |
| doi_str_mv | 10.1088/1742-6596/2244/1/012045 |
| format | Article |
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-
ion sources. These facilities include the US Spallation Neutron Source (SNS), Japan Proton Accelerator Research Complex (J-PARC), Rutherford Appleton Laboratory (RAL-ISIS), Los Alamos Neutron Science Center (LANSCE), Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory (FNAL), Brookhaven National Laboratory (BNL), numerous installations of D-Pace (licenced by TRIUMF) ion sources used mainly on cyclotrons and, most recently, the CERN-LINAC-1 injector. This report first summarizes the current performance of these ion sources in routine, daily operations with attention toward source service-periods and availability metrics. Sustainability issues encountered at each facility are also reported and categorized to identify areas of common concern and key issues. Recent ion source improvements to address these issues are also discussed as well as plans for meeting future facility upgrade requirements.</description><identifier>ISSN: 1742-6588</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1742-6596</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1088/1742-6596/2244/1/012045</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>Bristol: IOP Publishing</publisher><subject>Cyclotrons ; Hydrogen ions ; Ion sources ; Laboratories ; Neutrons ; PARTICLE ACCELERATORS ; Physics ; Proton accelerators ; Spallation ; Storage rings (particle accelerators) ; Sustainability</subject><ispartof>Journal of physics. Conference series, 2022-04, Vol.2244 (1), p.12045</ispartof><rights>Published under licence by IOP Publishing Ltd</rights><rights>Published under licence by IOP Publishing Ltd. This work is published under http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/ (the “License”). Notwithstanding the ProQuest Terms and Conditions, you may use this content in accordance with the terms of the License.</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><oa>free_for_read</oa><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c476t-52790611f6f34cb934b51df7e426957318b322035c6df701b4fbe7d6d484da7e3</citedby><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c476t-52790611f6f34cb934b51df7e426957318b322035c6df701b4fbe7d6d484da7e3</cites></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><linktopdf>$$Uhttps://iopscience.iop.org/article/10.1088/1742-6596/2244/1/012045/pdf$$EPDF$$P50$$Giop$$Hfree_for_read</linktopdf><link.rule.ids>230,314,776,780,881,27903,27904,38847,38869,53819,53846</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttps://www.osti.gov/servlets/purl/1866357$$D View this record in Osti.gov$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><creatorcontrib>Welton, Robert</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Bollinger, Dan</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Dehnel, Morgan</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Draganic, Ilija</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Faircloth, Dan</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Han, Baoxi</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Lettry, Jacques</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Stockli, Martin</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Tarvainen, Olli</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Ueno, Akira</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Fermi National Accelerator Lab. (FNAL), Batavia, IL (United States)</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Oak Ridge National Lab. (ORNL), Oak Ridge, TN (United States)</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Los Alamos National Lab. (LANL), Los Alamos, NM (United States)</creatorcontrib><title>Negative hydrogen ion sources for particle accelerators: Sustainability issues and recent improvements in long-term operations</title><title>Journal of physics. Conference series</title><addtitle>J. Phys.: Conf. Ser</addtitle><description>High brightness, negative hydrogen ion sources are used extensively in scientific facilities operating worldwide. Negative hydrogen beams have become the preferred means of filling circular accelerators and storage rings as well as enabling efficient extraction from cyclotrons. Several well-known facilities now have considerable experience with operating a variety of sources such as RF-, filament-, magnetron- and Penning-type H
-
ion sources. These facilities include the US Spallation Neutron Source (SNS), Japan Proton Accelerator Research Complex (J-PARC), Rutherford Appleton Laboratory (RAL-ISIS), Los Alamos Neutron Science Center (LANSCE), Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory (FNAL), Brookhaven National Laboratory (BNL), numerous installations of D-Pace (licenced by TRIUMF) ion sources used mainly on cyclotrons and, most recently, the CERN-LINAC-1 injector. This report first summarizes the current performance of these ion sources in routine, daily operations with attention toward source service-periods and availability metrics. Sustainability issues encountered at each facility are also reported and categorized to identify areas of common concern and key issues. Recent ion source improvements to address these issues are also discussed as well as plans for meeting future facility upgrade requirements.</description><subject>Cyclotrons</subject><subject>Hydrogen ions</subject><subject>Ion sources</subject><subject>Laboratories</subject><subject>Neutrons</subject><subject>PARTICLE ACCELERATORS</subject><subject>Physics</subject><subject>Proton accelerators</subject><subject>Spallation</subject><subject>Storage rings (particle accelerators)</subject><subject>Sustainability</subject><issn>1742-6588</issn><issn>1742-6596</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2022</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><sourceid>O3W</sourceid><sourceid>ABUWG</sourceid><sourceid>AFKRA</sourceid><sourceid>AZQEC</sourceid><sourceid>BENPR</sourceid><sourceid>CCPQU</sourceid><sourceid>DWQXO</sourceid><recordid>eNqFUV1rFDEUDWLBuvU3NOibMG6-M-ubLPWjFBVqn0Mmc2ebMpuMSbawL_3tzTBSEQrmJZfcc07uPQehc0o-UNK2a6oFa5TcqDVjQqzpmlBGhHyBTp86L5_qtn2FXud8RwivR5-ih--ws8XfA7499inuIGAfA87xkBxkPMSEJ5uKdyNg6xyMkGyJKX_E14dcrA-286MvR-xzPlSCDT1O4CAU7PdTivewr3XGPuAxhl1TIO1xnGaV-k8-QyeDHTO8-XOv0M3ni1_br83Vjy_ftp-uGie0Ko1kekMUpYMauHDdhotO0n7QIJjaSM1p23HGCJdO1VdCOzF0oHvVi1b0VgNfobeLbszFm-x8AXfrYgjgiqGtUryqrNC7BVTn_l2XKeau2hDqXIYpKamUUrUVpReUSzHnBIOZkt_bdDSUmDkRM3ttZt_NnIihZkmkMvnC9HH6K_1_1vtnWJc_t9f_As3UD_wRG4Oc9w</recordid><startdate>20220401</startdate><enddate>20220401</enddate><creator>Welton, Robert</creator><creator>Bollinger, Dan</creator><creator>Dehnel, Morgan</creator><creator>Draganic, Ilija</creator><creator>Faircloth, Dan</creator><creator>Han, Baoxi</creator><creator>Lettry, Jacques</creator><creator>Stockli, Martin</creator><creator>Tarvainen, Olli</creator><creator>Ueno, Akira</creator><general>IOP Publishing</general><scope>O3W</scope><scope>TSCCA</scope><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>8FD</scope><scope>8FE</scope><scope>8FG</scope><scope>ABUWG</scope><scope>AFKRA</scope><scope>ARAPS</scope><scope>AZQEC</scope><scope>BENPR</scope><scope>BGLVJ</scope><scope>CCPQU</scope><scope>DWQXO</scope><scope>H8D</scope><scope>HCIFZ</scope><scope>L7M</scope><scope>P5Z</scope><scope>P62</scope><scope>PIMPY</scope><scope>PQEST</scope><scope>PQQKQ</scope><scope>PQUKI</scope><scope>PRINS</scope><scope>OIOZB</scope><scope>OTOTI</scope></search><sort><creationdate>20220401</creationdate><title>Negative hydrogen ion sources for particle accelerators: Sustainability issues and recent improvements in long-term operations</title><author>Welton, Robert ; Bollinger, Dan ; Dehnel, Morgan ; Draganic, Ilija ; Faircloth, Dan ; Han, Baoxi ; Lettry, Jacques ; Stockli, Martin ; Tarvainen, Olli ; Ueno, Akira</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c476t-52790611f6f34cb934b51df7e426957318b322035c6df701b4fbe7d6d484da7e3</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2022</creationdate><topic>Cyclotrons</topic><topic>Hydrogen ions</topic><topic>Ion sources</topic><topic>Laboratories</topic><topic>Neutrons</topic><topic>PARTICLE ACCELERATORS</topic><topic>Physics</topic><topic>Proton accelerators</topic><topic>Spallation</topic><topic>Storage rings (particle accelerators)</topic><topic>Sustainability</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Welton, Robert</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Bollinger, Dan</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Dehnel, Morgan</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Draganic, Ilija</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Faircloth, Dan</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Han, Baoxi</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Lettry, Jacques</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Stockli, Martin</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Tarvainen, Olli</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Ueno, Akira</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Fermi National Accelerator Lab. 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| subjects | Cyclotrons Hydrogen ions Ion sources Laboratories Neutrons PARTICLE ACCELERATORS Physics Proton accelerators Spallation Storage rings (particle accelerators) Sustainability |
| title | Negative hydrogen ion sources for particle accelerators: Sustainability issues and recent improvements in long-term operations |
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