Ion Chromatography and Combustion Ion Chromatography Analysis of Fuel Cell Effluent Water During Open Circuit Voltage
Abstract Open circuit voltage tests were conducted on sixteen 3M Ionomer and eight Nafion™ NR211 membranes. Lifetime distributions were determined, and ion chromatography (IC) techniques were used to measure fluoride, sulfate, trifluoro acetate, and oxalate ions. Combustion ion chromatography (CIC)...
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| Veröffentlicht in: | Journal of the Electrochemical Society 2022-03, Vol.169 (3) |
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| container_title | Journal of the Electrochemical Society |
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| creator | Yandrasits, Michael A. Marimannikkuppam, Sudha Lindell, Matthew J. Kalstabakken, Kyle A. Kurkowski, Michael Ha, Phuc |
| description | Abstract
Open circuit voltage tests were conducted on sixteen 3M Ionomer and eight Nafion™ NR211 membranes. Lifetime distributions were determined, and ion chromatography (IC) techniques were used to measure fluoride, sulfate, trifluoro acetate, and oxalate ions. Combustion ion chromatography (CIC) was used to determine the total organic fluoride (TOF) associated with water soluble membrane degradation fragments. The ratio of these products relative to the fluoride release rates were used to infer the likely degradation mechanism for each membrane. Peroxide attack at the sulfonic acid side chain was determined to be the least relevant reaction pathway while the long-proposed polymer chain end unzipping appears to be the dominant mechanism. Abstraction of the tertiary fluorine in the NR211 backbone and side chain is evident by organic fluoride release rates higher than can be explained by unzipping alone. |
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Open circuit voltage tests were conducted on sixteen 3M Ionomer and eight Nafion™ NR211 membranes. Lifetime distributions were determined, and ion chromatography (IC) techniques were used to measure fluoride, sulfate, trifluoro acetate, and oxalate ions. Combustion ion chromatography (CIC) was used to determine the total organic fluoride (TOF) associated with water soluble membrane degradation fragments. The ratio of these products relative to the fluoride release rates were used to infer the likely degradation mechanism for each membrane. Peroxide attack at the sulfonic acid side chain was determined to be the least relevant reaction pathway while the long-proposed polymer chain end unzipping appears to be the dominant mechanism. Abstraction of the tertiary fluorine in the NR211 backbone and side chain is evident by organic fluoride release rates higher than can be explained by unzipping alone.</description><identifier>ISSN: 0013-4651</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1945-7111</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>United States: The Electrochemical Society</publisher><subject>Electrochemistry ; ENERGY STORAGE ; Materials Science</subject><ispartof>Journal of the Electrochemical Society, 2022-03, Vol.169 (3)</ispartof><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><orcidid>0000000294930588 ; 0000000207258122</orcidid></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><link.rule.ids>230,314,776,780,881</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttps://www.osti.gov/biblio/1856270$$D View this record in Osti.gov$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><creatorcontrib>Yandrasits, Michael A.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Marimannikkuppam, Sudha</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Lindell, Matthew J.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Kalstabakken, Kyle A.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Kurkowski, Michael</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Ha, Phuc</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>3M Company, Maplewood, MN (United States)</creatorcontrib><title>Ion Chromatography and Combustion Ion Chromatography Analysis of Fuel Cell Effluent Water During Open Circuit Voltage</title><title>Journal of the Electrochemical Society</title><description>Abstract
Open circuit voltage tests were conducted on sixteen 3M Ionomer and eight Nafion™ NR211 membranes. Lifetime distributions were determined, and ion chromatography (IC) techniques were used to measure fluoride, sulfate, trifluoro acetate, and oxalate ions. Combustion ion chromatography (CIC) was used to determine the total organic fluoride (TOF) associated with water soluble membrane degradation fragments. The ratio of these products relative to the fluoride release rates were used to infer the likely degradation mechanism for each membrane. Peroxide attack at the sulfonic acid side chain was determined to be the least relevant reaction pathway while the long-proposed polymer chain end unzipping appears to be the dominant mechanism. Abstraction of the tertiary fluorine in the NR211 backbone and side chain is evident by organic fluoride release rates higher than can be explained by unzipping alone.</description><subject>Electrochemistry</subject><subject>ENERGY STORAGE</subject><subject>Materials Science</subject><issn>0013-4651</issn><issn>1945-7111</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2022</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><recordid>eNqNjTsLwjAUhYMoWB__4eJeaOzTUaKik4voWGK8bSNpInkM_ns7ODo4HT7OdzgjEtFNlsclpXRMoiShaZwVOZ2SmXPPAWmVlREJJ6OBddb03JvW8lf3Bq4fwEx_D87Lof1hbDVXbycdmAYOARUwVAr2TaMCag837tHCLlipWzi_cNhLK4L0cDXK8xYXZNJw5XD5zTlZHfYXdozNcFk7IT2KThitUfiaVnmxLpP0L-kD8qdNkQ</recordid><startdate>20220323</startdate><enddate>20220323</enddate><creator>Yandrasits, Michael A.</creator><creator>Marimannikkuppam, Sudha</creator><creator>Lindell, Matthew J.</creator><creator>Kalstabakken, Kyle A.</creator><creator>Kurkowski, Michael</creator><creator>Ha, Phuc</creator><general>The Electrochemical Society</general><scope>OTOTI</scope><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000000294930588</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000000207258122</orcidid></search><sort><creationdate>20220323</creationdate><title>Ion Chromatography and Combustion Ion Chromatography Analysis of Fuel Cell Effluent Water During Open Circuit Voltage</title><author>Yandrasits, Michael A. ; Marimannikkuppam, Sudha ; Lindell, Matthew J. ; Kalstabakken, Kyle A. ; Kurkowski, Michael ; Ha, Phuc</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-osti_scitechconnect_18562703</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2022</creationdate><topic>Electrochemistry</topic><topic>ENERGY STORAGE</topic><topic>Materials Science</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Yandrasits, Michael A.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Marimannikkuppam, Sudha</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Lindell, Matthew J.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Kalstabakken, Kyle A.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Kurkowski, Michael</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Ha, Phuc</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>3M Company, Maplewood, MN (United States)</creatorcontrib><collection>OSTI.GOV</collection><jtitle>Journal of the Electrochemical Society</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Yandrasits, Michael A.</au><au>Marimannikkuppam, Sudha</au><au>Lindell, Matthew J.</au><au>Kalstabakken, Kyle A.</au><au>Kurkowski, Michael</au><au>Ha, Phuc</au><aucorp>3M Company, Maplewood, MN (United States)</aucorp><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Ion Chromatography and Combustion Ion Chromatography Analysis of Fuel Cell Effluent Water During Open Circuit Voltage</atitle><jtitle>Journal of the Electrochemical Society</jtitle><date>2022-03-23</date><risdate>2022</risdate><volume>169</volume><issue>3</issue><issn>0013-4651</issn><eissn>1945-7111</eissn><abstract>Abstract
Open circuit voltage tests were conducted on sixteen 3M Ionomer and eight Nafion™ NR211 membranes. Lifetime distributions were determined, and ion chromatography (IC) techniques were used to measure fluoride, sulfate, trifluoro acetate, and oxalate ions. Combustion ion chromatography (CIC) was used to determine the total organic fluoride (TOF) associated with water soluble membrane degradation fragments. The ratio of these products relative to the fluoride release rates were used to infer the likely degradation mechanism for each membrane. Peroxide attack at the sulfonic acid side chain was determined to be the least relevant reaction pathway while the long-proposed polymer chain end unzipping appears to be the dominant mechanism. Abstraction of the tertiary fluorine in the NR211 backbone and side chain is evident by organic fluoride release rates higher than can be explained by unzipping alone.</abstract><cop>United States</cop><pub>The Electrochemical Society</pub><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000000294930588</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000000207258122</orcidid></addata></record> |
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| ispartof | Journal of the Electrochemical Society, 2022-03, Vol.169 (3) |
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| language | eng |
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| subjects | Electrochemistry ENERGY STORAGE Materials Science |
| title | Ion Chromatography and Combustion Ion Chromatography Analysis of Fuel Cell Effluent Water During Open Circuit Voltage |
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