Characterizing the uppermost 100 m structure of the San Jacinto fault zone southeast of Anza, California, through joint analysis of geological, topographic, seismic and resistivity data

Characterizing the uppermost 100 m structure of the San Jacinto fault zone southeast of Anza, California, through joint analysis of geological, topographic, seismic and resistivity data

We present results from complementary geological, topographic, seismic and electrical resistivity surveys at the Sagebrush Flat (SGB) site along the Clark fault (CF) strand of the San Jacinto fault zone trifurcation area southeast of Anza, California. Joint interpretation of these data sets, each wi...

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Veröffentlicht in:Geophysical journal international 2020-05, Vol.222 (2)
Hauptverfasser: Share, Pieter-Ewald, Tábořík, Petr, Štěpančíková, Petra, Stemberk, Jakub, Rockwell, Thomas K., Wade, Adam, Arrowsmith, J. Ramon, Donnellan, Andrea, Vernon, Frank L., Ben-Zion, Yehuda
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Geochemistry & Geophysics
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container_title Geophysical journal international
container_volume 222
creator Share, Pieter-Ewald
Tábořík, Petr
Štěpančíková, Petra
Stemberk, Jakub
Rockwell, Thomas K.
Wade, Adam
Arrowsmith, J. Ramon
Donnellan, Andrea
Vernon, Frank L.
Ben-Zion, Yehuda
description We present results from complementary geological, topographic, seismic and electrical resistivity surveys at the Sagebrush Flat (SGB) site along the Clark fault (CF) strand of the San Jacinto fault zone trifurcation area southeast of Anza, California. Joint interpretation of these data sets, each with unique spatiotemporal sensitivities, allow us to better characterize the shallow (
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Ramon ; Donnellan, Andrea ; Vernon, Frank L. ; Ben-Zion, Yehuda</creator><creatorcontrib>Share, Pieter-Ewald ; Tábořík, Petr ; Štěpančíková, Petra ; Stemberk, Jakub ; Rockwell, Thomas K. ; Wade, Adam ; Arrowsmith, J. Ramon ; Donnellan, Andrea ; Vernon, Frank L. ; Ben-Zion, Yehuda ; Univ. of California, San Diego, CA (United States) ; Univ. of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA (United States)</creatorcontrib><description>We present results from complementary geological, topographic, seismic and electrical resistivity surveys at the Sagebrush Flat (SGB) site along the Clark fault (CF) strand of the San Jacinto fault zone trifurcation area southeast of Anza, California. Joint interpretation of these data sets, each with unique spatiotemporal sensitivities, allow us to better characterize the shallow (&lt;100 m) fault zone at this structurally complex site. Geological mapping at the surface shows the CF has three main subparallel strands within a &lt;100 m zone with varying degrees of rock damage. These strands intersect units of banded gneiss and tonalite, and various sedimentary units. Near the surface, the weathered but more intact tonalite and gneiss to the southwest have relatively high VP. The low-lying flat sedimentary basins around the two southwestern-most CF strands and elevated damaged gneiss to the northeast have lowest VP &lt;500 m s–1. The high relief of the northeast gneiss unit may in part be explained by its extensive damage and inferred increased relative rock uplift. Resistivity imaging shows the unconsolidated dry basin sediments (maximum &gt;1300 Ohm.m) contrasted against the compacted fine-grained (potentially wet) materials within the CF core and the Bautista Formation (minimum &lt;40 Ohm.m), which is slightly elevated above the flat basins. The inverse relationship between VP (increases) and resistivity (decreases) in the uppermost ~15 m can be characterized as log–log linear with slopes of –2.6 to –4. At depths &gt;30 m, the velocity heterogeneity near the surface merges into larger-scale structures that are generally slower on the northeast side of the CF core compared to the southwest side (as much as ~40 per cent reduction in average VP). A previous study revealed a 20–37 per cent variability in peak ground velocities across the SGB site from local earthquakes. The upper end of that range is associated with the near-surface unconsolidated sedimentary basins and northeast damaged gneiss unit. 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Ramon</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Donnellan, Andrea</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Vernon, Frank L.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Ben-Zion, Yehuda</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Univ. of California, San Diego, CA (United States)</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Univ. of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA (United States)</creatorcontrib><title>Characterizing the uppermost 100 m structure of the San Jacinto fault zone southeast of Anza, California, through joint analysis of geological, topographic, seismic and resistivity data</title><title>Geophysical journal international</title><description>We present results from complementary geological, topographic, seismic and electrical resistivity surveys at the Sagebrush Flat (SGB) site along the Clark fault (CF) strand of the San Jacinto fault zone trifurcation area southeast of Anza, California. Joint interpretation of these data sets, each with unique spatiotemporal sensitivities, allow us to better characterize the shallow (&lt;100 m) fault zone at this structurally complex site. Geological mapping at the surface shows the CF has three main subparallel strands within a &lt;100 m zone with varying degrees of rock damage. These strands intersect units of banded gneiss and tonalite, and various sedimentary units. Near the surface, the weathered but more intact tonalite and gneiss to the southwest have relatively high VP. The low-lying flat sedimentary basins around the two southwestern-most CF strands and elevated damaged gneiss to the northeast have lowest VP &lt;500 m s–1. The high relief of the northeast gneiss unit may in part be explained by its extensive damage and inferred increased relative rock uplift. Resistivity imaging shows the unconsolidated dry basin sediments (maximum &gt;1300 Ohm.m) contrasted against the compacted fine-grained (potentially wet) materials within the CF core and the Bautista Formation (minimum &lt;40 Ohm.m), which is slightly elevated above the flat basins. The inverse relationship between VP (increases) and resistivity (decreases) in the uppermost ~15 m can be characterized as log–log linear with slopes of –2.6 to –4. At depths &gt;30 m, the velocity heterogeneity near the surface merges into larger-scale structures that are generally slower on the northeast side of the CF core compared to the southwest side (as much as ~40 per cent reduction in average VP). A previous study revealed a 20–37 per cent variability in peak ground velocities across the SGB site from local earthquakes. The upper end of that range is associated with the near-surface unconsolidated sedimentary basins and northeast damaged gneiss unit. 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Ramon</au><au>Donnellan, Andrea</au><au>Vernon, Frank L.</au><au>Ben-Zion, Yehuda</au><aucorp>Univ. of California, San Diego, CA (United States)</aucorp><aucorp>Univ. of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA (United States)</aucorp><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Characterizing the uppermost 100 m structure of the San Jacinto fault zone southeast of Anza, California, through joint analysis of geological, topographic, seismic and resistivity data</atitle><jtitle>Geophysical journal international</jtitle><date>2020-05-08</date><risdate>2020</risdate><volume>222</volume><issue>2</issue><issn>0956-540X</issn><eissn>1365-246X</eissn><abstract>We present results from complementary geological, topographic, seismic and electrical resistivity surveys at the Sagebrush Flat (SGB) site along the Clark fault (CF) strand of the San Jacinto fault zone trifurcation area southeast of Anza, California. Joint interpretation of these data sets, each with unique spatiotemporal sensitivities, allow us to better characterize the shallow (&lt;100 m) fault zone at this structurally complex site. Geological mapping at the surface shows the CF has three main subparallel strands within a &lt;100 m zone with varying degrees of rock damage. These strands intersect units of banded gneiss and tonalite, and various sedimentary units. Near the surface, the weathered but more intact tonalite and gneiss to the southwest have relatively high VP. The low-lying flat sedimentary basins around the two southwestern-most CF strands and elevated damaged gneiss to the northeast have lowest VP &lt;500 m s–1. The high relief of the northeast gneiss unit may in part be explained by its extensive damage and inferred increased relative rock uplift. Resistivity imaging shows the unconsolidated dry basin sediments (maximum &gt;1300 Ohm.m) contrasted against the compacted fine-grained (potentially wet) materials within the CF core and the Bautista Formation (minimum &lt;40 Ohm.m), which is slightly elevated above the flat basins. The inverse relationship between VP (increases) and resistivity (decreases) in the uppermost ~15 m can be characterized as log–log linear with slopes of –2.6 to –4. At depths &gt;30 m, the velocity heterogeneity near the surface merges into larger-scale structures that are generally slower on the northeast side of the CF core compared to the southwest side (as much as ~40 per cent reduction in average VP). A previous study revealed a 20–37 per cent variability in peak ground velocities across the SGB site from local earthquakes. The upper end of that range is associated with the near-surface unconsolidated sedimentary basins and northeast damaged gneiss unit. Preliminary analysis of time-dependent topography mostly shows effects of changing vegetation and anthropogenic activity.</abstract><cop>United States</cop><pub>Oxford University Press</pub><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000000166741491</orcidid></addata></record>
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title Characterizing the uppermost 100 m structure of the San Jacinto fault zone southeast of Anza, California, through joint analysis of geological, topographic, seismic and resistivity data
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