Boundary Layer Height and Buoyancy Determine the Horizontal Scale of Convective Self-Aggregation
Organized rainstorms and their associated overturning circulations can self-emerge over an ocean surface with uniform temperature in cloud-resolving simulations. This phenomenon is referred to as convective self-aggregation. Convective self-aggregation is argued to be an important building block for...
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| Veröffentlicht in: | Journal of the atmospheric sciences 2018-02, Vol.75 (2), p.469-478 |
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| creator | Yang, Da |
| description | Organized rainstorms and their associated overturning circulations can self-emerge over an ocean surface with uniform temperature in cloud-resolving simulations. This phenomenon is referred to as convective self-aggregation. Convective self-aggregation is argued to be an important building block for tropical weather systems and may help regulate tropical atmospheric humidity and thereby tropical climate stability. Here the author presents a boundary layer theory for the horizontal scale λ of 2D (x, z) convective self-aggregation by considering both the momentum and energy constraints for steady circulations. This theory suggests that λ scales with the product of the boundary layer height h and the square root of the amplitude of density variation between aggregated moist and dry regions in the boundary layer, and that this density variation mainly arises from the moisture variation due to the virtual effect of water vapor. This theory predicts the following: 1) the order of magnitude of λ is ~2000 km, 2) the aspect ratio of the boundary layer λ/h increases with surface warming, and 3) λ decreases when the virtual effect of water vapor is disabled. These predictions are confirmed using a suite of cloud-resolving simulations spanning a wide range of climates. |
| doi_str_mv | 10.1175/JAS-D-17-0150.1 |
| format | Article |
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(LBNL), Berkeley, CA (United States)</creatorcontrib><description>Organized rainstorms and their associated overturning circulations can self-emerge over an ocean surface with uniform temperature in cloud-resolving simulations. This phenomenon is referred to as convective self-aggregation. Convective self-aggregation is argued to be an important building block for tropical weather systems and may help regulate tropical atmospheric humidity and thereby tropical climate stability. Here the author presents a boundary layer theory for the horizontal scale λ of 2D (x, z) convective self-aggregation by considering both the momentum and energy constraints for steady circulations. This theory suggests that λ scales with the product of the boundary layer height h and the square root of the amplitude of density variation between aggregated moist and dry regions in the boundary layer, and that this density variation mainly arises from the moisture variation due to the virtual effect of water vapor. This theory predicts the following: 1) the order of magnitude of λ is ~2000 km, 2) the aspect ratio of the boundary layer λ/h increases with surface warming, and 3) λ decreases when the virtual effect of water vapor is disabled. These predictions are confirmed using a suite of cloud-resolving simulations spanning a wide range of climates.</description><identifier>ISSN: 0022-4928</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1520-0469</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1175/JAS-D-17-0150.1</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>Boston: American Meteorological Society</publisher><subject>Agglomeration ; Aggregation ; Aspect ratio ; Atmosphere ; Boundary conditions ; Boundary layer ; Boundary layer height ; Boundary layer stability ; Boundary layers ; Buoyancy ; Climate change ; Cloud resolving models ; Convection ; Cyclones ; Density ; Earth ; ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES ; Equilibrium ; Gravitational waves ; Height ; Humidity ; Hydrology ; Momentum ; Ocean surface ; Rainstorms ; Simulation ; Stability ; Surface temperature ; Temperature ; Temperature (air-sea) ; Theories ; Tropical climate ; Tropical climates ; Variation ; Water vapor ; Water vapour</subject><ispartof>Journal of the atmospheric sciences, 2018-02, Vol.75 (2), p.469-478</ispartof><rights>Copyright American Meteorological Society 2018</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><oa>free_for_read</oa><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c449t-4a63a9c25b2b1fa513f38445dc3191b8aba170b54dc6d763a9599151efa452bb3</citedby><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c449t-4a63a9c25b2b1fa513f38445dc3191b8aba170b54dc6d763a9599151efa452bb3</cites></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><link.rule.ids>230,314,777,781,882,3668,27905,27906</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttps://www.osti.gov/servlets/purl/1433115$$D View this record in Osti.gov$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><creatorcontrib>Yang, Da</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Lawrence Berkeley National Lab. (LBNL), Berkeley, CA (United States)</creatorcontrib><title>Boundary Layer Height and Buoyancy Determine the Horizontal Scale of Convective Self-Aggregation</title><title>Journal of the atmospheric sciences</title><description>Organized rainstorms and their associated overturning circulations can self-emerge over an ocean surface with uniform temperature in cloud-resolving simulations. This phenomenon is referred to as convective self-aggregation. Convective self-aggregation is argued to be an important building block for tropical weather systems and may help regulate tropical atmospheric humidity and thereby tropical climate stability. Here the author presents a boundary layer theory for the horizontal scale λ of 2D (x, z) convective self-aggregation by considering both the momentum and energy constraints for steady circulations. This theory suggests that λ scales with the product of the boundary layer height h and the square root of the amplitude of density variation between aggregated moist and dry regions in the boundary layer, and that this density variation mainly arises from the moisture variation due to the virtual effect of water vapor. This theory predicts the following: 1) the order of magnitude of λ is ~2000 km, 2) the aspect ratio of the boundary layer λ/h increases with surface warming, and 3) λ decreases when the virtual effect of water vapor is disabled. These predictions are confirmed using a suite of cloud-resolving simulations spanning a wide range of climates.</description><subject>Agglomeration</subject><subject>Aggregation</subject><subject>Aspect ratio</subject><subject>Atmosphere</subject><subject>Boundary conditions</subject><subject>Boundary layer</subject><subject>Boundary layer height</subject><subject>Boundary layer stability</subject><subject>Boundary layers</subject><subject>Buoyancy</subject><subject>Climate change</subject><subject>Cloud resolving models</subject><subject>Convection</subject><subject>Cyclones</subject><subject>Density</subject><subject>Earth</subject><subject>ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES</subject><subject>Equilibrium</subject><subject>Gravitational waves</subject><subject>Height</subject><subject>Humidity</subject><subject>Hydrology</subject><subject>Momentum</subject><subject>Ocean surface</subject><subject>Rainstorms</subject><subject>Simulation</subject><subject>Stability</subject><subject>Surface temperature</subject><subject>Temperature</subject><subject>Temperature (air-sea)</subject><subject>Theories</subject><subject>Tropical climate</subject><subject>Tropical climates</subject><subject>Variation</subject><subject>Water vapor</subject><subject>Water vapour</subject><issn>0022-4928</issn><issn>1520-0469</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2018</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><sourceid>8G5</sourceid><sourceid>ABUWG</sourceid><sourceid>AFKRA</sourceid><sourceid>AZQEC</sourceid><sourceid>BEC</sourceid><sourceid>BENPR</sourceid><sourceid>CCPQU</sourceid><sourceid>DWQXO</sourceid><sourceid>GNUQQ</sourceid><sourceid>GUQSH</sourceid><sourceid>M2O</sourceid><recordid>eNotkEtLAzEUhYMoWKtrt0HXsbl5dDrLPtQqBRfVdcxkMtMpbVIzmcL4602pd3Pg8nE4fAjdA30CyOTofbomCwIZoSDT6wINQDJKqBjnl2hAKWNE5GxyjW7adkvTsQwG6HvmO1fq0OOV7m3AS9vUm4i1K_Gs8712pscLG23YN87iuLF46UPz613UO7w2emexr_Dcu6M1sTlavLa7ikzrOthax8a7W3RV6V1r7_5ziL5enj_nS7L6eH2bT1fECJFHIvSY69wwWbACKi2BV3wihCwNhxyKiS40ZLSQojTjMjuxMs9Bgq20kKwo-BA9nHt9GxvVmiZaszHeubRLgeAcQCbo8Qwdgv_pbBvV1nfBpV2KJYk5n6RI1OhMmeDbNthKHUKzT44UUHVyrZJrtVCQqZNrBfwPS9FxHQ</recordid><startdate>20180201</startdate><enddate>20180201</enddate><creator>Yang, Da</creator><general>American Meteorological Society</general><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>3V.</scope><scope>7TG</scope><scope>7TN</scope><scope>7UA</scope><scope>7XB</scope><scope>88F</scope><scope>88I</scope><scope>8AF</scope><scope>8FD</scope><scope>8FE</scope><scope>8FG</scope><scope>8FK</scope><scope>8G5</scope><scope>ABUWG</scope><scope>AEUYN</scope><scope>AFKRA</scope><scope>ARAPS</scope><scope>ATCPS</scope><scope>AZQEC</scope><scope>BEC</scope><scope>BENPR</scope><scope>BGLVJ</scope><scope>BHPHI</scope><scope>BKSAR</scope><scope>C1K</scope><scope>CCPQU</scope><scope>DWQXO</scope><scope>F1W</scope><scope>GNUQQ</scope><scope>GUQSH</scope><scope>H8D</scope><scope>H96</scope><scope>HCIFZ</scope><scope>KL.</scope><scope>L.G</scope><scope>L7M</scope><scope>M1Q</scope><scope>M2O</scope><scope>M2P</scope><scope>MBDVC</scope><scope>P5Z</scope><scope>P62</scope><scope>PATMY</scope><scope>PCBAR</scope><scope>PQEST</scope><scope>PQQKQ</scope><scope>PQUKI</scope><scope>PYCSY</scope><scope>Q9U</scope><scope>R05</scope><scope>S0X</scope><scope>OIOZB</scope><scope>OTOTI</scope></search><sort><creationdate>20180201</creationdate><title>Boundary Layer Height and Buoyancy Determine the Horizontal Scale of Convective Self-Aggregation</title><author>Yang, Da</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c449t-4a63a9c25b2b1fa513f38445dc3191b8aba170b54dc6d763a9599151efa452bb3</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2018</creationdate><topic>Agglomeration</topic><topic>Aggregation</topic><topic>Aspect ratio</topic><topic>Atmosphere</topic><topic>Boundary conditions</topic><topic>Boundary layer</topic><topic>Boundary layer height</topic><topic>Boundary layer stability</topic><topic>Boundary layers</topic><topic>Buoyancy</topic><topic>Climate change</topic><topic>Cloud resolving models</topic><topic>Convection</topic><topic>Cyclones</topic><topic>Density</topic><topic>Earth</topic><topic>ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES</topic><topic>Equilibrium</topic><topic>Gravitational waves</topic><topic>Height</topic><topic>Humidity</topic><topic>Hydrology</topic><topic>Momentum</topic><topic>Ocean surface</topic><topic>Rainstorms</topic><topic>Simulation</topic><topic>Stability</topic><topic>Surface temperature</topic><topic>Temperature</topic><topic>Temperature (air-sea)</topic><topic>Theories</topic><topic>Tropical climate</topic><topic>Tropical climates</topic><topic>Variation</topic><topic>Water vapor</topic><topic>Water vapour</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Yang, Da</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Lawrence Berkeley National Lab. 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(LBNL), Berkeley, CA (United States)</aucorp><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Boundary Layer Height and Buoyancy Determine the Horizontal Scale of Convective Self-Aggregation</atitle><jtitle>Journal of the atmospheric sciences</jtitle><date>2018-02-01</date><risdate>2018</risdate><volume>75</volume><issue>2</issue><spage>469</spage><epage>478</epage><pages>469-478</pages><issn>0022-4928</issn><eissn>1520-0469</eissn><abstract>Organized rainstorms and their associated overturning circulations can self-emerge over an ocean surface with uniform temperature in cloud-resolving simulations. This phenomenon is referred to as convective self-aggregation. Convective self-aggregation is argued to be an important building block for tropical weather systems and may help regulate tropical atmospheric humidity and thereby tropical climate stability. Here the author presents a boundary layer theory for the horizontal scale λ of 2D (x, z) convective self-aggregation by considering both the momentum and energy constraints for steady circulations. This theory suggests that λ scales with the product of the boundary layer height h and the square root of the amplitude of density variation between aggregated moist and dry regions in the boundary layer, and that this density variation mainly arises from the moisture variation due to the virtual effect of water vapor. This theory predicts the following: 1) the order of magnitude of λ is ~2000 km, 2) the aspect ratio of the boundary layer λ/h increases with surface warming, and 3) λ decreases when the virtual effect of water vapor is disabled. These predictions are confirmed using a suite of cloud-resolving simulations spanning a wide range of climates.</abstract><cop>Boston</cop><pub>American Meteorological Society</pub><doi>10.1175/JAS-D-17-0150.1</doi><tpages>10</tpages><oa>free_for_read</oa></addata></record> |
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| source | American Meteorological Society; Elektronische Zeitschriftenbibliothek - Frei zugängliche E-Journals; Alma/SFX Local Collection |
| subjects | Agglomeration Aggregation Aspect ratio Atmosphere Boundary conditions Boundary layer Boundary layer height Boundary layer stability Boundary layers Buoyancy Climate change Cloud resolving models Convection Cyclones Density Earth ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES Equilibrium Gravitational waves Height Humidity Hydrology Momentum Ocean surface Rainstorms Simulation Stability Surface temperature Temperature Temperature (air-sea) Theories Tropical climate Tropical climates Variation Water vapor Water vapour |
| title | Boundary Layer Height and Buoyancy Determine the Horizontal Scale of Convective Self-Aggregation |
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