Controlling spin relaxation with a cavity
By coupling donor spins in silicon to a superconducting microwave cavity and tuning the spins to the cavity resonance, the rate of spin relaxation is increased by three orders of magnitude compared to that of detuned spins; in such a regime, spontaneous emission of radiation is the dominant mechanis...
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| Veröffentlicht in: | Nature (London) 2016-03, Vol.531 (7592), p.74-77 |
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| creator | Bienfait, A. Pla, J. J. Kubo, Y. Zhou, X. Stern, M. Lo, C. C. Weis, C. D. Schenkel, T. Vion, D. Esteve, D. Morton, J. J. L. Bertet, P. |
| description | By coupling donor spins in silicon to a superconducting microwave cavity and tuning the spins to the cavity resonance, the rate of spin relaxation is increased by three orders of magnitude compared to that of detuned spins; in such a regime, spontaneous emission of radiation is the dominant mechanism of spin relaxation.
New spin on the Purcell effect
The Purcell effect, in which the slow rate of spontaneous emission from a quantum system is accelerated in a resonant cavity, is central to quantum optics. Here, Patrice Bertet and colleagues demonstrate an analogue of the Purcell effect in a system of spins in solids. The spontaneous emission in this system affects spin relaxation, and the authors show how to modulate spin relaxation through three orders of magnitude. This could give researchers a means of controlling and tuning spin relaxation. Spins in solids, in this case donor spins in silicon, are promising platforms for quantum information processing, and this technique could have ramifications for new spin qubit architectures.
Spontaneous emission of radiation is one of the fundamental mechanisms by which an excited quantum system returns to equilibrium. For spins, however, spontaneous emission is generally negligible compared to other non-radiative relaxation processes because of the weak coupling between the magnetic dipole and the electromagnetic field. In 1946, Purcell realized
1
that the rate of spontaneous emission can be greatly enhanced by placing the quantum system in a resonant cavity. This effect has since been used extensively to control the lifetime of atoms and semiconducting heterostructures coupled to microwave
2
or optical
3
,
4
cavities, and is essential for the realization of high-efficiency single-photon sources
5
. Here we report the application of this idea to spins in solids. By coupling donor spins in silicon to a superconducting microwave cavity with a high quality factor and a small mode volume, we reach the regime in which spontaneous emission constitutes the dominant mechanism of spin relaxation. The relaxation rate is increased by three orders of magnitude as the spins are tuned to the cavity resonance, demonstrating that energy relaxation can be controlled on demand. Our results provide a general way to initialize spin systems into their ground state and therefore have applications in magnetic resonance and quantum information processing
6
. They also demonstrate that the coupling between the magnetic dipole of a spin and |
| doi_str_mv | 10.1038/nature16944 |
| format | Article |
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New spin on the Purcell effect
The Purcell effect, in which the slow rate of spontaneous emission from a quantum system is accelerated in a resonant cavity, is central to quantum optics. Here, Patrice Bertet and colleagues demonstrate an analogue of the Purcell effect in a system of spins in solids. The spontaneous emission in this system affects spin relaxation, and the authors show how to modulate spin relaxation through three orders of magnitude. This could give researchers a means of controlling and tuning spin relaxation. Spins in solids, in this case donor spins in silicon, are promising platforms for quantum information processing, and this technique could have ramifications for new spin qubit architectures.
Spontaneous emission of radiation is one of the fundamental mechanisms by which an excited quantum system returns to equilibrium. For spins, however, spontaneous emission is generally negligible compared to other non-radiative relaxation processes because of the weak coupling between the magnetic dipole and the electromagnetic field. In 1946, Purcell realized
1
that the rate of spontaneous emission can be greatly enhanced by placing the quantum system in a resonant cavity. This effect has since been used extensively to control the lifetime of atoms and semiconducting heterostructures coupled to microwave
2
or optical
3
,
4
cavities, and is essential for the realization of high-efficiency single-photon sources
5
. Here we report the application of this idea to spins in solids. By coupling donor spins in silicon to a superconducting microwave cavity with a high quality factor and a small mode volume, we reach the regime in which spontaneous emission constitutes the dominant mechanism of spin relaxation. The relaxation rate is increased by three orders of magnitude as the spins are tuned to the cavity resonance, demonstrating that energy relaxation can be controlled on demand. Our results provide a general way to initialize spin systems into their ground state and therefore have applications in magnetic resonance and quantum information processing
6
. They also demonstrate that the coupling between the magnetic dipole of a spin and the electromagnetic field can be enhanced up to the point at which quantum fluctuations have a marked effect on the spin dynamics; as such, they represent an important step towards the coherent magnetic coupling of individual spins to microwave photons.</description><identifier>ISSN: 0028-0836</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1476-4687</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1038/nature16944</identifier><identifier>PMID: 26878235</identifier><identifier>CODEN: NATUAS</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>London: Nature Publishing Group UK</publisher><subject>639/766/400/482 ; 639/766/483/1139 ; 639/766/483/481 ; Atoms & subatomic particles ; CLASSICAL AND QUANTUM MECHANICS, GENERAL PHYSICS ; Electromagnetic fields ; Emissions ; Humanities and Social Sciences ; letter ; Magnetic fields ; Methods ; multidisciplinary ; Particle spin ; Physics ; Physics research ; quantum information ; quantum mechanics ; quantum optics ; Quantum physics ; Quantum theory ; Science</subject><ispartof>Nature (London), 2016-03, Vol.531 (7592), p.74-77</ispartof><rights>Springer Nature Limited 2016</rights><rights>COPYRIGHT 2016 Nature Publishing Group</rights><rights>Copyright Nature Publishing Group Mar 3, 2016</rights><rights>Distributed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><oa>free_for_read</oa><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c654t-a6ac3fdbaf6d62d8fd2d555180a67a52efd6bdf7da87b110426478786d2168b43</citedby><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c654t-a6ac3fdbaf6d62d8fd2d555180a67a52efd6bdf7da87b110426478786d2168b43</cites><orcidid>0000-0002-8516-2142 ; 0000-0002-2927-1037</orcidid></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><linktopdf>$$Uhttps://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1038/nature16944$$EPDF$$P50$$Gspringer$$H</linktopdf><linktohtml>$$Uhttps://link.springer.com/10.1038/nature16944$$EHTML$$P50$$Gspringer$$H</linktohtml><link.rule.ids>230,314,776,780,881,27901,27902,41464,42533,51294</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26878235$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed$$Hfree_for_read</backlink><backlink>$$Uhttps://cea.hal.science/cea-01483751$$DView record in HAL$$Hfree_for_read</backlink><backlink>$$Uhttps://www.osti.gov/servlets/purl/1379133$$D View this record in Osti.gov$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><creatorcontrib>Bienfait, A.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Pla, J. J.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Kubo, Y.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Zhou, X.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Stern, M.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Lo, C. C.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Weis, C. D.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Schenkel, T.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Vion, D.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Esteve, D.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Morton, J. J. L.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Bertet, P.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory (LBNL), Berkeley, CA (United States)</creatorcontrib><title>Controlling spin relaxation with a cavity</title><title>Nature (London)</title><addtitle>Nature</addtitle><addtitle>Nature</addtitle><description>By coupling donor spins in silicon to a superconducting microwave cavity and tuning the spins to the cavity resonance, the rate of spin relaxation is increased by three orders of magnitude compared to that of detuned spins; in such a regime, spontaneous emission of radiation is the dominant mechanism of spin relaxation.
New spin on the Purcell effect
The Purcell effect, in which the slow rate of spontaneous emission from a quantum system is accelerated in a resonant cavity, is central to quantum optics. Here, Patrice Bertet and colleagues demonstrate an analogue of the Purcell effect in a system of spins in solids. The spontaneous emission in this system affects spin relaxation, and the authors show how to modulate spin relaxation through three orders of magnitude. This could give researchers a means of controlling and tuning spin relaxation. Spins in solids, in this case donor spins in silicon, are promising platforms for quantum information processing, and this technique could have ramifications for new spin qubit architectures.
Spontaneous emission of radiation is one of the fundamental mechanisms by which an excited quantum system returns to equilibrium. For spins, however, spontaneous emission is generally negligible compared to other non-radiative relaxation processes because of the weak coupling between the magnetic dipole and the electromagnetic field. In 1946, Purcell realized
1
that the rate of spontaneous emission can be greatly enhanced by placing the quantum system in a resonant cavity. This effect has since been used extensively to control the lifetime of atoms and semiconducting heterostructures coupled to microwave
2
or optical
3
,
4
cavities, and is essential for the realization of high-efficiency single-photon sources
5
. Here we report the application of this idea to spins in solids. By coupling donor spins in silicon to a superconducting microwave cavity with a high quality factor and a small mode volume, we reach the regime in which spontaneous emission constitutes the dominant mechanism of spin relaxation. The relaxation rate is increased by three orders of magnitude as the spins are tuned to the cavity resonance, demonstrating that energy relaxation can be controlled on demand. Our results provide a general way to initialize spin systems into their ground state and therefore have applications in magnetic resonance and quantum information processing
6
. They also demonstrate that the coupling between the magnetic dipole of a spin and the electromagnetic field can be enhanced up to the point at which quantum fluctuations have a marked effect on the spin dynamics; as such, they represent an important step towards the coherent magnetic coupling of individual spins to microwave photons.</description><subject>639/766/400/482</subject><subject>639/766/483/1139</subject><subject>639/766/483/481</subject><subject>Atoms & subatomic particles</subject><subject>CLASSICAL AND QUANTUM MECHANICS, GENERAL PHYSICS</subject><subject>Electromagnetic fields</subject><subject>Emissions</subject><subject>Humanities and Social Sciences</subject><subject>letter</subject><subject>Magnetic fields</subject><subject>Methods</subject><subject>multidisciplinary</subject><subject>Particle spin</subject><subject>Physics</subject><subject>Physics research</subject><subject>quantum information</subject><subject>quantum mechanics</subject><subject>quantum optics</subject><subject>Quantum physics</subject><subject>Quantum theory</subject><subject>Science</subject><issn>0028-0836</issn><issn>1476-4687</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2016</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><sourceid>8G5</sourceid><sourceid>BEC</sourceid><sourceid>BENPR</sourceid><sourceid>GUQSH</sourceid><sourceid>M2O</sourceid><recordid>eNp10t1rUzEYB-CDKK5Or7yXst1Y9Mx8nSS9LEXdoCjoxMvwNslpM06TLsmZ239vRuds5UguAnmf_MjHW1WvMTrDiMoPHnIfLeZTxp5UI8wErxmX4mk1QojIGknKj6oXKV0hhBos2PPqiJS6JLQZVZN58DmGrnN-NU5b58fRdnAL2QU__uXyegxjDTcu372snrXQJfvqYT6ufnz6eDk_rxdfP1_MZ4ta84blGjho2poltNxwYmRriGmaBksEXEBDbGv40rTCgBRLjBEjnIlyGm4I5nLJ6HF1sssNKTuVtMtWr3Xw3uqsMBVTTGlBkx1aQ6e20W0g3qkATp3PFkpbUAgzSUWDb3Cxb3d2G8N1b1NWG5e07TrwNvRJYSGQ5LRpSKGn_9Cr0EdfrnuvCGYET-lftYLOKufbkCPo-1A1Y5wKNMVTXlQ9oFbW2whd8LZ1ZfnAnwx4vXXXah-dDaAyjN04PZg6OdhQTLa3eQV9Suri-7dD--7_dnb5c_5lUOsYUoq2ffwHjNR9Y6q9xiz6zcPL9suNNY_2TycW8H4HUin5lY17Tz-Q9xsKxeXP</recordid><startdate>20160303</startdate><enddate>20160303</enddate><creator>Bienfait, A.</creator><creator>Pla, J. 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J.</au><au>Kubo, Y.</au><au>Zhou, X.</au><au>Stern, M.</au><au>Lo, C. C.</au><au>Weis, C. D.</au><au>Schenkel, T.</au><au>Vion, D.</au><au>Esteve, D.</au><au>Morton, J. J. L.</au><au>Bertet, P.</au><aucorp>Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory (LBNL), Berkeley, CA (United States)</aucorp><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Controlling spin relaxation with a cavity</atitle><jtitle>Nature (London)</jtitle><stitle>Nature</stitle><addtitle>Nature</addtitle><date>2016-03-03</date><risdate>2016</risdate><volume>531</volume><issue>7592</issue><spage>74</spage><epage>77</epage><pages>74-77</pages><issn>0028-0836</issn><eissn>1476-4687</eissn><coden>NATUAS</coden><abstract>By coupling donor spins in silicon to a superconducting microwave cavity and tuning the spins to the cavity resonance, the rate of spin relaxation is increased by three orders of magnitude compared to that of detuned spins; in such a regime, spontaneous emission of radiation is the dominant mechanism of spin relaxation.
New spin on the Purcell effect
The Purcell effect, in which the slow rate of spontaneous emission from a quantum system is accelerated in a resonant cavity, is central to quantum optics. Here, Patrice Bertet and colleagues demonstrate an analogue of the Purcell effect in a system of spins in solids. The spontaneous emission in this system affects spin relaxation, and the authors show how to modulate spin relaxation through three orders of magnitude. This could give researchers a means of controlling and tuning spin relaxation. Spins in solids, in this case donor spins in silicon, are promising platforms for quantum information processing, and this technique could have ramifications for new spin qubit architectures.
Spontaneous emission of radiation is one of the fundamental mechanisms by which an excited quantum system returns to equilibrium. For spins, however, spontaneous emission is generally negligible compared to other non-radiative relaxation processes because of the weak coupling between the magnetic dipole and the electromagnetic field. In 1946, Purcell realized
1
that the rate of spontaneous emission can be greatly enhanced by placing the quantum system in a resonant cavity. This effect has since been used extensively to control the lifetime of atoms and semiconducting heterostructures coupled to microwave
2
or optical
3
,
4
cavities, and is essential for the realization of high-efficiency single-photon sources
5
. Here we report the application of this idea to spins in solids. By coupling donor spins in silicon to a superconducting microwave cavity with a high quality factor and a small mode volume, we reach the regime in which spontaneous emission constitutes the dominant mechanism of spin relaxation. The relaxation rate is increased by three orders of magnitude as the spins are tuned to the cavity resonance, demonstrating that energy relaxation can be controlled on demand. Our results provide a general way to initialize spin systems into their ground state and therefore have applications in magnetic resonance and quantum information processing
6
. They also demonstrate that the coupling between the magnetic dipole of a spin and the electromagnetic field can be enhanced up to the point at which quantum fluctuations have a marked effect on the spin dynamics; as such, they represent an important step towards the coherent magnetic coupling of individual spins to microwave photons.</abstract><cop>London</cop><pub>Nature Publishing Group UK</pub><pmid>26878235</pmid><doi>10.1038/nature16944</doi><tpages>4</tpages><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8516-2142</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2927-1037</orcidid><oa>free_for_read</oa></addata></record> |
| fulltext | fulltext |
| identifier | ISSN: 0028-0836 |
| ispartof | Nature (London), 2016-03, Vol.531 (7592), p.74-77 |
| issn | 0028-0836 1476-4687 |
| language | eng |
| recordid | cdi_osti_scitechconnect_1379133 |
| source | Nature; SpringerLink Journals - AutoHoldings |
| subjects | 639/766/400/482 639/766/483/1139 639/766/483/481 Atoms & subatomic particles CLASSICAL AND QUANTUM MECHANICS, GENERAL PHYSICS Electromagnetic fields Emissions Humanities and Social Sciences letter Magnetic fields Methods multidisciplinary Particle spin Physics Physics research quantum information quantum mechanics quantum optics Quantum physics Quantum theory Science |
| title | Controlling spin relaxation with a cavity |
| url | https://sfx.bib-bvb.de/sfx_tum?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&ctx_tim=2025-02-04T20%3A02%3A36IST&url_ver=Z39.88-2004&url_ctx_fmt=infofi/fmt:kev:mtx:ctx&rfr_id=info:sid/primo.exlibrisgroup.com:primo3-Article-gale_osti_&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Controlling%20spin%20relaxation%20with%20a%20cavity&rft.jtitle=Nature%20(London)&rft.au=Bienfait,%20A.&rft.aucorp=Lawrence%20Berkeley%20National%20Laboratory%20(LBNL),%20Berkeley,%20CA%20(United%20States)&rft.date=2016-03-03&rft.volume=531&rft.issue=7592&rft.spage=74&rft.epage=77&rft.pages=74-77&rft.issn=0028-0836&rft.eissn=1476-4687&rft.coden=NATUAS&rft_id=info:doi/10.1038/nature16944&rft_dat=%3Cgale_osti_%3EA463709196%3C/gale_osti_%3E%3Curl%3E%3C/url%3E&disable_directlink=true&sfx.directlink=off&sfx.report_link=0&rft_id=info:oai/&rft_pqid=1772142193&rft_id=info:pmid/26878235&rft_galeid=A463709196&rfr_iscdi=true |