외상 후 스트레스 증상 및 외상 후 성장에서 주의편향과 사건관련 반추의 역할

본 연구는 사건관련 반추가 위협 및 긍정자극에 대한 주의편향과(i.e., 촉진된 주의 개입, 주의 탈개입어려움, 주의 회피) 외상 후 스트레스 증상 및 외상 후 성장의 관계를 매개하는 지 검증하였다. 다양한외상을 경험한 대학생 70명을 대상으로 공간 단서 과제를 실시하여 주의편향을 측정하고, 그 외 변인은개정판 사건충격척도, 외상 후 성장 척도, 사건관련 반추척도 및 특성불안척도로 평가하였다. 분석 결과, 위협자극에 대한 주의 회피가 침습적 반추 수준을 높이고, 이는 외상 후 스트레스 증상 증가와 관계가있었다. 위협자극에 대한 주의 탈개입 어려움은 외상 후 성장의 하위 영역 중 새로운 가능성의 발견과유의한 관련이 있었다. 이는 외상 경험의 수용이 외상 극복 및 성장에 효과적일 가능성을 시사한다. Background: The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between attentional bias to threat and positive stimuli (i.e., facilitated attentional engagement, difficulty in attentional disengagement, and attentional avoidance) and event-related rumination, and to examine whether the latter mediated the relationship between attentional bias and posttraumatic stress symptoms (PTSS) and posttraumatic growth (PTG) in individuals with traumatic experiences. Methods: A total of 70 college students with traumatic experiences participated in the study. Attentional bias to threat and positive stimuli was measured by employing a spatial cueing task. Other variables were assessed using self-report measures including The Impact of Event-Related Scale-Revised, Event-Related Rumination Inventory, Post-traumatic Growth Inventory, and State-Trait Anxiety Inventory. Results: The results indicated that attentional avoidance was significantly associated with intrusive rumination, whereas none of the three aspects of attention bias was associated with deliberate rumination. Furthermore, attentional avoidance was related to increased intrusive rumination, which in turn, was associated with increased PTSS. Additionally, difficulty in attentional disengagement from threat stimuli was associated with finding new possibilities, one aspect of a PTG, even after controlling for the impact of deliberate rumination. Conclusions: The current results suggest that therapeutic interventions aimed at helping individuals not to avoid but accept their traumatic experience may be effective to overcome trauma and facilitate PTG among individuals with traumatic experiences. KCI Citation Count: 3