Characterization of clopyralid resistance in lawn burweed (Soliva sessilis)
Soliva sessilis is a troublesome annual weed species in New Zealand turfgrass. This weed has been controlled selectively in New Zealand turfgrass for many years using pyridine herbicides such as clopyralid. However, in some golf courses, the continuous application of pyridine herbicides has resulted...
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| description | Soliva sessilis is a troublesome annual weed species in New Zealand turfgrass. This weed has been controlled selectively in New Zealand turfgrass for many years using pyridine herbicides such as clopyralid. However, in some golf courses, the continuous application of pyridine herbicides has resulted in the selection of S. sessilis populations that are resistant to these herbicides. This study focuses on a clopyralid-resistant population of S. sessilis collected from a golf course with a long history of clopyralid applications. The resistant phenotype of S. sessilis was highly resistant to clopyralid (over 225-fold). It was also cross-resistant to dicamba, MCPA and picloram but not mecoprop. The level of resistance to dicamba was high (7-14-fold) but much lower (2-3-fold) for both MCPA and picloram. The phenotype was morphologically distinct from its susceptible counterpart. Individuals of the clopyralid-resistant phenotype had fewer lobes on their leaves and were slightly larger compared to the susceptible phenotype. Resistant individuals also had a larger leaf area and greater root dry weight than the susceptible plants. An evaluation of internal transcribed spacer (ITS) regions confirmed that clopyralid-resistant phenotypes are conspecific with S. sessilis. In summary, the cross-resistance to several auxinic herbicides in this S. sessilis phenotype greatly reduces chemical options for controlling it; thus, other integrated management practices may be needed such as using turfgrass competition to reduce weed germination. However, the morphological differences between resistant and susceptible plants make it easy to see, which will help with its management. |
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This weed has been controlled selectively in New Zealand turfgrass for many years using pyridine herbicides such as clopyralid. However, in some golf courses, the continuous application of pyridine herbicides has resulted in the selection of S. sessilis populations that are resistant to these herbicides. This study focuses on a clopyralid-resistant population of S. sessilis collected from a golf course with a long history of clopyralid applications. The resistant phenotype of S. sessilis was highly resistant to clopyralid (over 225-fold). It was also cross-resistant to dicamba, MCPA and picloram but not mecoprop. The level of resistance to dicamba was high (7-14-fold) but much lower (2-3-fold) for both MCPA and picloram. The phenotype was morphologically distinct from its susceptible counterpart. Individuals of the clopyralid-resistant phenotype had fewer lobes on their leaves and were slightly larger compared to the susceptible phenotype. Resistant individuals also had a larger leaf area and greater root dry weight than the susceptible plants. An evaluation of internal transcribed spacer (ITS) regions confirmed that clopyralid-resistant phenotypes are conspecific with S. sessilis. In summary, the cross-resistance to several auxinic herbicides in this S. sessilis phenotype greatly reduces chemical options for controlling it; thus, other integrated management practices may be needed such as using turfgrass competition to reduce weed germination. However, the morphological differences between resistant and susceptible plants make it easy to see, which will help with its management.</description><identifier>ISSN: 1932-6203</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1932-6203</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0253934</identifier><identifier>PMID: 34191837</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>SAN FRANCISCO: Public Library Science</publisher><subject>Agriculture ; Analysis ; Biology and Life Sciences ; Cross-resistance ; Experiments ; Genotype & phenotype ; Germination ; Golf courses ; Herbicide resistance ; Herbicides ; Leaf area ; Leaves ; Management ; Mecoprop ; Multidisciplinary Sciences ; Phenotypes ; Picloram ; Population ; Pyridine ; Pyridines ; Research and Analysis Methods ; Science & Technology ; Science & Technology - Other Topics ; Seeds ; Soliva sessilis ; Turfgrasses ; Weed control ; Weeds</subject><ispartof>PloS one, 2021-06, Vol.16 (6), p.e0253934-e0253934, Article 0253934</ispartof><rights>COPYRIGHT 2021 Public Library of Science</rights><rights>2021 Ghanizadeh et al. 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This weed has been controlled selectively in New Zealand turfgrass for many years using pyridine herbicides such as clopyralid. However, in some golf courses, the continuous application of pyridine herbicides has resulted in the selection of S. sessilis populations that are resistant to these herbicides. This study focuses on a clopyralid-resistant population of S. sessilis collected from a golf course with a long history of clopyralid applications. The resistant phenotype of S. sessilis was highly resistant to clopyralid (over 225-fold). It was also cross-resistant to dicamba, MCPA and picloram but not mecoprop. The level of resistance to dicamba was high (7-14-fold) but much lower (2-3-fold) for both MCPA and picloram. The phenotype was morphologically distinct from its susceptible counterpart. Individuals of the clopyralid-resistant phenotype had fewer lobes on their leaves and were slightly larger compared to the susceptible phenotype. 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Participant titles)</collection><collection>DOAJ Directory of Open Access Journals</collection><jtitle>PloS one</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Ghanizadeh, Hossein</au><au>Li, Fengshuo</au><au>He, Lulu</au><au>Harrington, Kerry C.</au><au>Bajwa, Ali</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Characterization of clopyralid resistance in lawn burweed (Soliva sessilis)</atitle><jtitle>PloS one</jtitle><stitle>PLOS ONE</stitle><date>2021-06-30</date><risdate>2021</risdate><volume>16</volume><issue>6</issue><spage>e0253934</spage><epage>e0253934</epage><pages>e0253934-e0253934</pages><artnum>0253934</artnum><issn>1932-6203</issn><eissn>1932-6203</eissn><abstract>Soliva sessilis is a troublesome annual weed species in New Zealand turfgrass. This weed has been controlled selectively in New Zealand turfgrass for many years using pyridine herbicides such as clopyralid. However, in some golf courses, the continuous application of pyridine herbicides has resulted in the selection of S. sessilis populations that are resistant to these herbicides. This study focuses on a clopyralid-resistant population of S. sessilis collected from a golf course with a long history of clopyralid applications. The resistant phenotype of S. sessilis was highly resistant to clopyralid (over 225-fold). It was also cross-resistant to dicamba, MCPA and picloram but not mecoprop. The level of resistance to dicamba was high (7-14-fold) but much lower (2-3-fold) for both MCPA and picloram. The phenotype was morphologically distinct from its susceptible counterpart. Individuals of the clopyralid-resistant phenotype had fewer lobes on their leaves and were slightly larger compared to the susceptible phenotype. Resistant individuals also had a larger leaf area and greater root dry weight than the susceptible plants. An evaluation of internal transcribed spacer (ITS) regions confirmed that clopyralid-resistant phenotypes are conspecific with S. sessilis. In summary, the cross-resistance to several auxinic herbicides in this S. sessilis phenotype greatly reduces chemical options for controlling it; thus, other integrated management practices may be needed such as using turfgrass competition to reduce weed germination. However, the morphological differences between resistant and susceptible plants make it easy to see, which will help with its management.</abstract><cop>SAN FRANCISCO</cop><pub>Public Library Science</pub><pmid>34191837</pmid><doi>10.1371/journal.pone.0253934</doi><tpages>18</tpages><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2238-516X</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5381-7880</orcidid><oa>free_for_read</oa></addata></record> |
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| subjects | Agriculture Analysis Biology and Life Sciences Cross-resistance Experiments Genotype & phenotype Germination Golf courses Herbicide resistance Herbicides Leaf area Leaves Management Mecoprop Multidisciplinary Sciences Phenotypes Picloram Population Pyridine Pyridines Research and Analysis Methods Science & Technology Science & Technology - Other Topics Seeds Soliva sessilis Turfgrasses Weed control Weeds |
| title | Characterization of clopyralid resistance in lawn burweed (Soliva sessilis) |
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