Detection and Tracking of Aircraft in the Far-Field from Small Unmanned Aerial Systems

Onboard far-field aircraft detection is needed for safe non-cooperative traffic mitigation in autonomous small Unmanned Aerial System (sUAS) operations. Machine vision systems, based on standard optics and visible light detectors, possess the ideal size, weight, and power (SWaP) requirements for sUA...

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Veröffentlicht in:Journal of aerospace information systems 2021-04, Vol.18 (11)
Hauptverfasser: Dolph, Chester V, Minwalla, Cyrus, Glaab, Louis J, Logan, Michael J, Allen, B Danette, Iftekharuddin, Khan M
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container_issue 11
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container_title Journal of aerospace information systems
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creator Dolph, Chester V
Minwalla, Cyrus
Glaab, Louis J
Logan, Michael J
Allen, B Danette
Iftekharuddin, Khan M
description Onboard far-field aircraft detection is needed for safe non-cooperative traffic mitigation in autonomous small Unmanned Aerial System (sUAS) operations. Machine vision systems, based on standard optics and visible light detectors, possess the ideal size, weight, and power (SWaP) requirements for sUAS. This work presents the design and analysis of a novel aircraft detection and tracking pipeline based on optical sensing alone. Key contributions of the work include a refined range inequality model based on sensing and detection with FAA well-clear separation assurance distances between aircraft in mind, a detector fusion method to maximize the benefit of two image detectors, and a comparative analysis of Linear Kalman-filtering and Extended Kalman-filtering to seek optimal tracking performance. The pipeline is evaluated offline against multiple intruder platforms, using two types of flight encounters: multirotor sUAS vs. fixed-wing sUAS and multirotor sUAS vs. general aviation(GA)plane. Analysis is restricted to the rate-limiting head-on and departing collision volume cases vertically separated for safety. Results indicate that it is feasible to use the proposed optical spatial-temporal tracking algorithm to provide adequate alerting time to prevent penetration of well-clear separation volumes for both sUAS and GA aircraft.
doi_str_mv 10.2514/1.I010911
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title Detection and Tracking of Aircraft in the Far-Field from Small Unmanned Aerial Systems
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