Organização Regional do Brasil
An understanding of the regional organization of Brazil has an evident appeal for whoever is engaged in the study of the various social sciences.There is: 1) the incentive to explore the evolution of Territorial Division in this country in differentiated units, a process which belongs to Brazilian d...
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| description | An understanding of the regional organization of Brazil has an evident appeal for whoever is engaged in the study of the various social sciences.There is: 1) the incentive to explore the evolution of Territorial Division in this country in differentiated units, a process which belongs to Brazilian development; 2) the interest in setting up a new system of regional (division, as a better implement for research; and 3) the fact that a knowledge of Brazilian regional organization is an indispensable background for planning. The region is not an independent or isolated unit, but a dynamically integrated part of a larger whole. With the development of a tendency to involve the entire surface of the globe in an integrating mechanism of an economic nature, a new form of regional differentiation is coming into promnence: the formation of modern economic regions, strictly so-called. Geographical regions, as forms of organization, are held to be “continuities and discontinuities resulting from the convergence of the present activities of a human group, the conditions linking it to the past, and the conditions of the physical environment” In the region, it is possible to descry the elemnts that confer unity to it and bonds that give it organic cohesion, reflecting aspects of the regional way of living in space and time. Brazil is the mixture of an old country and a new one; it is old, because when the great modern migrations took place, Brazil was already set in the framework of a traditionally agrarian society, batied on slave labor; the structures that have been organized since colonial times resist modernization and are stiffened with elements of underdevelopment; it is new, because the European migrations of recent times amounted to a kind of renewal, and the inflow was not simply dissolved into the midst of the established population. This gave rise to an overlay of new social forms on the old Portuguese Brazilian society. With 45% of the population in the towns and 20% of the active population engaged in industry, Brazil, by its satisfies of industrial production, shows itself to be a special type of underdeveloped country. The industries and the towns already constitute a domestic market, acting on the organization of agrarian activities and on regional organization in general. Industrialization, in the sense that activities of the secondary sector can operate the molding of economic evolution, is recent, and through it the present regional organization has cl |
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The region is not an independent or isolated unit, but a dynamically integrated part of a larger whole. With the development of a tendency to involve the entire surface of the globe in an integrating mechanism of an economic nature, a new form of regional differentiation is coming into promnence: the formation of modern economic regions, strictly so-called. Geographical regions, as forms of organization, are held to be “continuities and discontinuities resulting from the convergence of the present activities of a human group, the conditions linking it to the past, and the conditions of the physical environment” In the region, it is possible to descry the elemnts that confer unity to it and bonds that give it organic cohesion, reflecting aspects of the regional way of living in space and time. Brazil is the mixture of an old country and a new one; it is old, because when the great modern migrations took place, Brazil was already set in the framework of a traditionally agrarian society, batied on slave labor; the structures that have been organized since colonial times resist modernization and are stiffened with elements of underdevelopment; it is new, because the European migrations of recent times amounted to a kind of renewal, and the inflow was not simply dissolved into the midst of the established population. This gave rise to an overlay of new social forms on the old Portuguese Brazilian society. With 45% of the population in the towns and 20% of the active population engaged in industry, Brazil, by its satisfies of industrial production, shows itself to be a special type of underdeveloped country. The industries and the towns already constitute a domestic market, acting on the organization of agrarian activities and on regional organization in general. Industrialization, in the sense that activities of the secondary sector can operate the molding of economic evolution, is recent, and through it the present regional organization has clearly taken shape. It is accompanied by the construction of an essentially highway system of transportation that already extends nearly all over the country, Fundamentally, the organization of the Brazilian surface area is proceeding according to a geographical hierarchy arising out of the polarization exerted by the two muclei of the first magnitude: Rio de Janeiro and São Paulo. The three major units may be taken to be: the SOUTHERN CENTER, the NORTHEAST and AMAZONIA . The SOUTHERN CENTER swings around the industrial and urban region made up of the areas of Rio de Janeiro, São Paulo and their surroundings. The NORTHEAST is relatively losing status; a long historical past explains the comparatively high population. AMAZONIA is a vast natural region, large areas of which are still uninhabited. I. The SOUTHERN CENTER shows aspects of inferior differentiation following tendencies toward regional specialization of the type of industrializing societies. It earns 80% of the national income and contains two thirds of the Brazilian population. I. The SOUTHEAST is a region characterized by the localization of most of the ndustrial plants and coffee, and one that exchanges more goods intraregionally than interregionally. In it are concentrated 30 million of the inhabitants and 70% of the labor force of the country. The SOUTHEAST is composed of: a) The industrial and urban region. It contains the two great industrialized metropolitan cities of Rio de Janeiro and São Paulo, with the neighboring industrial areas and the Paraibe Valley axis. Produces 30% of the national income. b) The region of São Paulo state, or the New Southeast, has sprung from the rapid spread of coffee growing and extends to the north of Parrana and the south of Minas. Marked by a greater intensity of relations with the industrial region, it forms a vast market economy area, with a large and varied output of farm produce, a developing urban life, and intense circulation. Farm implements include 44% of the tractors and 29% of the plows in use in the country. c) The old southeast of the states of Minas Gerais and Rio de Janeiro covers a more mountainous region, which also developed on the wave of coffee planting, but in less favorable conditions. European settlers played a less significant role. Neither from an agricultural nor from an industrial or urban viewpoint did this region attain the development of the preceding one. d) The metallurgical zone has been built up in the center of Minos Gérais on the basts of a policy of electrification and the iron and steel industry, to which others have been added. 2. The SOUTHERN region, with meanly subtropical climates, has a high agricultural output that enables it to export foodstuffs and raw materials, particularly to the SOUTHEAST. Interregional interchange is the most important. With 17% of the population of Brazil, farmers sum up to 21%, using 35% of the tractors and 60% of the plows. Produces 35% of the beans and 41% of the corn grown. The increase in population is related to the immigration of foreigners and Brazilians from other parts of the country. It is composed of: a) The southern plateau, characterized by an economic framework built up on the producition of food commodities and timber. It is remarkable, moreover, for the High percentage of small family establishments in the agricultural set-up. In the west there are still traces of a pioneer fringe. In certain areas some kinds of farming have been taken over by commercial concerns, as in the case of the wheat “granjas” and the wine “cabanas”. b) The Campanha is the region of the open range, where cattle and sheep are raised on large properties. In some areas, as in the Jacuí valley or along the coast or the shores of the Patos Lagoon, there are irrigated rice paddies with mechanized labor. c) The metropolis of Porto Alegre is an urban and industrial nucleus of some geographical importance, which dominates the southernmost part of the country. 3. The WEST CENTER and the NORTH OF MINAS form a ring of stockfarming around the edge of the SOUTHERN CENTER, supplying most to the SOUTHEASTERN region. Thirty million head of cattle are raised there and the human population is between 4 and 5 million. It is the complementary region to the SOUTHEAST, and attracts farmers in search of woodland areas to clear for crops. Much rice is grown inside the pastoral ring, for it is a cereal that can be profitable at a long distance from the markets. II. The NORTHEAST has no framework of industrial regions, though it does have a way of life its own. Intraregional relations are on a larger scale than interregional relations. It comprises 6,700,000 farm workers, 43% of the total for Brazil, spread over no more than 31% of the cultivated area of the country. The permanent nature of mercantilist economies is evident in such traits as fairs, handicraft output, etc. The Northeast is made up of: a) The tropical export crop belt, which is the dampest region and lines the eastern seaboard, h also the most densely populated, with its plantations and large cities. There are sugar-growing areas, a cocoa region and extensive groves of coconut palms. In short, it is the region that produces for export. Salvador and Recife are the big cities. b) The “Agreste” and dry forest region, adjoining the former, supplies both the seaboard and the sertão with food produce, but also raises some cash crops for export (tobacco, sisal and cotton). The agrarian pattern is highly varied, with areas in which small holdings predominate. In these parts, the highest rural densities in the country are to be found (more than 50 inhabitants to the sq. km.). c) The Sertão, or backwoods, covers the whole semi-arid interior of the Northeast; less densely peopled, it is the traditional area of stockraising for supplying the seaboard. The region evolves toward an agricultural pattern on the better situated tracts of land, where subsistence farming and cotton growing is pursued alongside of stockbreeding. Some areas of the sertäo have an output of extractive raw materials such as salt and carnauba wax, according to the local natural conditions. 2. The MIDDLE NORTH is a region of transition to the WEST CENTER and AMAZONIA, from both a physical and a human viewpoint. It has a bare four million inhabitants, densities being lower than 10 and 5 inhabitants to the sq. km. The 1,700,000 head of cattle raised in Piaui make it a great livestock area, transitional between the sertão and most charracteristic area of the MIDDLE NORTH, Maranhäo, which also has large herds of cattle and produces babaçu. Immigrants from the Northeast are absorbed into the forest areas, where they thrust back the pioneer fringe in the Pindaré and Mearim basins, rice being the principal cash crop. III. AMAZONIA is primarily a vast natural region, subordinated to the SOUTHERN CENTER, and only a few areas are settled. Density in the greater part of the territory falls below 0.(5 inhab./km², and the total population is no more than 3 million. The region is characterized by the relative importance of forest extractive industries. Urban macrocephaly to an extreme, with cities below Belém and Manaus practically insignificant, is allied to the tenuous nature of inland relations which are reduced almost entirely to forwarding products for export and distributing imported goods. However, the region undoubtedly has a wealth of natural resources awaiting development. The main divisions are: a) The mouth</description><identifier>ISSN: 0031-0581</identifier><language>por</language><publisher>Instituto Panamericano de Geografía e Historia</publisher><ispartof>Revista geográfica - Instituto panamericano de geografía e historia, 1964-01, Vol.33 (61), p.25-57</ispartof><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><linktopdf>$$Uhttps://www.jstor.org/stable/pdf/40991791$$EPDF$$P50$$Gjstor$$H</linktopdf><linktohtml>$$Uhttps://www.jstor.org/stable/40991791$$EHTML$$P50$$Gjstor$$H</linktohtml><link.rule.ids>314,780,784,803,58017,58250</link.rule.ids></links><search><creatorcontrib>Geiger, Pedro Pinchas</creatorcontrib><title>Organização Regional do Brasil</title><title>Revista geográfica - Instituto panamericano de geografía e historia</title><description>An understanding of the regional organization of Brazil has an evident appeal for whoever is engaged in the study of the various social sciences.There is: 1) the incentive to explore the evolution of Territorial Division in this country in differentiated units, a process which belongs to Brazilian development; 2) the interest in setting up a new system of regional (division, as a better implement for research; and 3) the fact that a knowledge of Brazilian regional organization is an indispensable background for planning. The region is not an independent or isolated unit, but a dynamically integrated part of a larger whole. With the development of a tendency to involve the entire surface of the globe in an integrating mechanism of an economic nature, a new form of regional differentiation is coming into promnence: the formation of modern economic regions, strictly so-called. Geographical regions, as forms of organization, are held to be “continuities and discontinuities resulting from the convergence of the present activities of a human group, the conditions linking it to the past, and the conditions of the physical environment” In the region, it is possible to descry the elemnts that confer unity to it and bonds that give it organic cohesion, reflecting aspects of the regional way of living in space and time. Brazil is the mixture of an old country and a new one; it is old, because when the great modern migrations took place, Brazil was already set in the framework of a traditionally agrarian society, batied on slave labor; the structures that have been organized since colonial times resist modernization and are stiffened with elements of underdevelopment; it is new, because the European migrations of recent times amounted to a kind of renewal, and the inflow was not simply dissolved into the midst of the established population. This gave rise to an overlay of new social forms on the old Portuguese Brazilian society. With 45% of the population in the towns and 20% of the active population engaged in industry, Brazil, by its satisfies of industrial production, shows itself to be a special type of underdeveloped country. The industries and the towns already constitute a domestic market, acting on the organization of agrarian activities and on regional organization in general. Industrialization, in the sense that activities of the secondary sector can operate the molding of economic evolution, is recent, and through it the present regional organization has clearly taken shape. It is accompanied by the construction of an essentially highway system of transportation that already extends nearly all over the country, Fundamentally, the organization of the Brazilian surface area is proceeding according to a geographical hierarchy arising out of the polarization exerted by the two muclei of the first magnitude: Rio de Janeiro and São Paulo. The three major units may be taken to be: the SOUTHERN CENTER, the NORTHEAST and AMAZONIA . The SOUTHERN CENTER swings around the industrial and urban region made up of the areas of Rio de Janeiro, São Paulo and their surroundings. The NORTHEAST is relatively losing status; a long historical past explains the comparatively high population. AMAZONIA is a vast natural region, large areas of which are still uninhabited. I. The SOUTHERN CENTER shows aspects of inferior differentiation following tendencies toward regional specialization of the type of industrializing societies. It earns 80% of the national income and contains two thirds of the Brazilian population. I. The SOUTHEAST is a region characterized by the localization of most of the ndustrial plants and coffee, and one that exchanges more goods intraregionally than interregionally. In it are concentrated 30 million of the inhabitants and 70% of the labor force of the country. The SOUTHEAST is composed of: a) The industrial and urban region. It contains the two great industrialized metropolitan cities of Rio de Janeiro and São Paulo, with the neighboring industrial areas and the Paraibe Valley axis. Produces 30% of the national income. b) The region of São Paulo state, or the New Southeast, has sprung from the rapid spread of coffee growing and extends to the north of Parrana and the south of Minas. Marked by a greater intensity of relations with the industrial region, it forms a vast market economy area, with a large and varied output of farm produce, a developing urban life, and intense circulation. Farm implements include 44% of the tractors and 29% of the plows in use in the country. c) The old southeast of the states of Minas Gerais and Rio de Janeiro covers a more mountainous region, which also developed on the wave of coffee planting, but in less favorable conditions. European settlers played a less significant role. Neither from an agricultural nor from an industrial or urban viewpoint did this region attain the development of the preceding one. d) The metallurgical zone has been built up in the center of Minos Gérais on the basts of a policy of electrification and the iron and steel industry, to which others have been added. 2. The SOUTHERN region, with meanly subtropical climates, has a high agricultural output that enables it to export foodstuffs and raw materials, particularly to the SOUTHEAST. Interregional interchange is the most important. With 17% of the population of Brazil, farmers sum up to 21%, using 35% of the tractors and 60% of the plows. Produces 35% of the beans and 41% of the corn grown. The increase in population is related to the immigration of foreigners and Brazilians from other parts of the country. It is composed of: a) The southern plateau, characterized by an economic framework built up on the producition of food commodities and timber. It is remarkable, moreover, for the High percentage of small family establishments in the agricultural set-up. In the west there are still traces of a pioneer fringe. In certain areas some kinds of farming have been taken over by commercial concerns, as in the case of the wheat “granjas” and the wine “cabanas”. b) The Campanha is the region of the open range, where cattle and sheep are raised on large properties. In some areas, as in the Jacuí valley or along the coast or the shores of the Patos Lagoon, there are irrigated rice paddies with mechanized labor. c) The metropolis of Porto Alegre is an urban and industrial nucleus of some geographical importance, which dominates the southernmost part of the country. 3. The WEST CENTER and the NORTH OF MINAS form a ring of stockfarming around the edge of the SOUTHERN CENTER, supplying most to the SOUTHEASTERN region. Thirty million head of cattle are raised there and the human population is between 4 and 5 million. It is the complementary region to the SOUTHEAST, and attracts farmers in search of woodland areas to clear for crops. Much rice is grown inside the pastoral ring, for it is a cereal that can be profitable at a long distance from the markets. II. The NORTHEAST has no framework of industrial regions, though it does have a way of life its own. Intraregional relations are on a larger scale than interregional relations. It comprises 6,700,000 farm workers, 43% of the total for Brazil, spread over no more than 31% of the cultivated area of the country. The permanent nature of mercantilist economies is evident in such traits as fairs, handicraft output, etc. The Northeast is made up of: a) The tropical export crop belt, which is the dampest region and lines the eastern seaboard, h also the most densely populated, with its plantations and large cities. There are sugar-growing areas, a cocoa region and extensive groves of coconut palms. In short, it is the region that produces for export. Salvador and Recife are the big cities. b) The “Agreste” and dry forest region, adjoining the former, supplies both the seaboard and the sertão with food produce, but also raises some cash crops for export (tobacco, sisal and cotton). The agrarian pattern is highly varied, with areas in which small holdings predominate. In these parts, the highest rural densities in the country are to be found (more than 50 inhabitants to the sq. km.). c) The Sertão, or backwoods, covers the whole semi-arid interior of the Northeast; less densely peopled, it is the traditional area of stockraising for supplying the seaboard. The region evolves toward an agricultural pattern on the better situated tracts of land, where subsistence farming and cotton growing is pursued alongside of stockbreeding. Some areas of the sertäo have an output of extractive raw materials such as salt and carnauba wax, according to the local natural conditions. 2. The MIDDLE NORTH is a region of transition to the WEST CENTER and AMAZONIA, from both a physical and a human viewpoint. It has a bare four million inhabitants, densities being lower than 10 and 5 inhabitants to the sq. km. The 1,700,000 head of cattle raised in Piaui make it a great livestock area, transitional between the sertão and most charracteristic area of the MIDDLE NORTH, Maranhäo, which also has large herds of cattle and produces babaçu. Immigrants from the Northeast are absorbed into the forest areas, where they thrust back the pioneer fringe in the Pindaré and Mearim basins, rice being the principal cash crop. III. AMAZONIA is primarily a vast natural region, subordinated to the SOUTHERN CENTER, and only a few areas are settled. Density in the greater part of the territory falls below 0.(5 inhab./km², and the total population is no more than 3 million. The region is characterized by the relative importance of forest extractive industries. Urban macrocephaly to an extreme, with cities below Belém and Manaus practically insignificant, is allied to the tenuous nature of inland relations which are reduced almost entirely to forwarding products for export and distributing imported goods. However, the region undoubtedly has a wealth of natural resources awaiting development. The main divisions are: a) The mouth</description><issn>0031-0581</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>1964</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><sourceid/><recordid>eNpjYeA0MDA21DUwtTDkYOAqLs4yMDAzMTc34WRQ8C9KT8zLrEo8vPzw4nyFoNT0zPy8xByFlHwFp6LE4swcHgbWtMSc4lReKM3NIOvmGuLsoZtVXJJfFF9QlJmbWFQZb2JgaWlobmloTEgeAPLdKVQ</recordid><startdate>19640101</startdate><enddate>19640101</enddate><creator>Geiger, Pedro Pinchas</creator><general>Instituto Panamericano de Geografía e Historia</general><scope/></search><sort><creationdate>19640101</creationdate><title>Organização Regional do Brasil</title><author>Geiger, Pedro Pinchas</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-jstor_primary_409917913</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>por</language><creationdate>1964</creationdate><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Geiger, Pedro Pinchas</creatorcontrib><jtitle>Revista geográfica - Instituto panamericano de geografía e historia</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Geiger, Pedro Pinchas</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Organização Regional do Brasil</atitle><jtitle>Revista geográfica - Instituto panamericano de geografía e historia</jtitle><date>1964-01-01</date><risdate>1964</risdate><volume>33</volume><issue>61</issue><spage>25</spage><epage>57</epage><pages>25-57</pages><issn>0031-0581</issn><abstract>An understanding of the regional organization of Brazil has an evident appeal for whoever is engaged in the study of the various social sciences.There is: 1) the incentive to explore the evolution of Territorial Division in this country in differentiated units, a process which belongs to Brazilian development; 2) the interest in setting up a new system of regional (division, as a better implement for research; and 3) the fact that a knowledge of Brazilian regional organization is an indispensable background for planning. The region is not an independent or isolated unit, but a dynamically integrated part of a larger whole. With the development of a tendency to involve the entire surface of the globe in an integrating mechanism of an economic nature, a new form of regional differentiation is coming into promnence: the formation of modern economic regions, strictly so-called. Geographical regions, as forms of organization, are held to be “continuities and discontinuities resulting from the convergence of the present activities of a human group, the conditions linking it to the past, and the conditions of the physical environment” In the region, it is possible to descry the elemnts that confer unity to it and bonds that give it organic cohesion, reflecting aspects of the regional way of living in space and time. Brazil is the mixture of an old country and a new one; it is old, because when the great modern migrations took place, Brazil was already set in the framework of a traditionally agrarian society, batied on slave labor; the structures that have been organized since colonial times resist modernization and are stiffened with elements of underdevelopment; it is new, because the European migrations of recent times amounted to a kind of renewal, and the inflow was not simply dissolved into the midst of the established population. This gave rise to an overlay of new social forms on the old Portuguese Brazilian society. With 45% of the population in the towns and 20% of the active population engaged in industry, Brazil, by its satisfies of industrial production, shows itself to be a special type of underdeveloped country. The industries and the towns already constitute a domestic market, acting on the organization of agrarian activities and on regional organization in general. Industrialization, in the sense that activities of the secondary sector can operate the molding of economic evolution, is recent, and through it the present regional organization has clearly taken shape. It is accompanied by the construction of an essentially highway system of transportation that already extends nearly all over the country, Fundamentally, the organization of the Brazilian surface area is proceeding according to a geographical hierarchy arising out of the polarization exerted by the two muclei of the first magnitude: Rio de Janeiro and São Paulo. The three major units may be taken to be: the SOUTHERN CENTER, the NORTHEAST and AMAZONIA . The SOUTHERN CENTER swings around the industrial and urban region made up of the areas of Rio de Janeiro, São Paulo and their surroundings. The NORTHEAST is relatively losing status; a long historical past explains the comparatively high population. AMAZONIA is a vast natural region, large areas of which are still uninhabited. I. The SOUTHERN CENTER shows aspects of inferior differentiation following tendencies toward regional specialization of the type of industrializing societies. It earns 80% of the national income and contains two thirds of the Brazilian population. I. The SOUTHEAST is a region characterized by the localization of most of the ndustrial plants and coffee, and one that exchanges more goods intraregionally than interregionally. In it are concentrated 30 million of the inhabitants and 70% of the labor force of the country. The SOUTHEAST is composed of: a) The industrial and urban region. It contains the two great industrialized metropolitan cities of Rio de Janeiro and São Paulo, with the neighboring industrial areas and the Paraibe Valley axis. Produces 30% of the national income. b) The region of São Paulo state, or the New Southeast, has sprung from the rapid spread of coffee growing and extends to the north of Parrana and the south of Minas. Marked by a greater intensity of relations with the industrial region, it forms a vast market economy area, with a large and varied output of farm produce, a developing urban life, and intense circulation. Farm implements include 44% of the tractors and 29% of the plows in use in the country. c) The old southeast of the states of Minas Gerais and Rio de Janeiro covers a more mountainous region, which also developed on the wave of coffee planting, but in less favorable conditions. European settlers played a less significant role. Neither from an agricultural nor from an industrial or urban viewpoint did this region attain the development of the preceding one. d) The metallurgical zone has been built up in the center of Minos Gérais on the basts of a policy of electrification and the iron and steel industry, to which others have been added. 2. The SOUTHERN region, with meanly subtropical climates, has a high agricultural output that enables it to export foodstuffs and raw materials, particularly to the SOUTHEAST. Interregional interchange is the most important. With 17% of the population of Brazil, farmers sum up to 21%, using 35% of the tractors and 60% of the plows. Produces 35% of the beans and 41% of the corn grown. The increase in population is related to the immigration of foreigners and Brazilians from other parts of the country. It is composed of: a) The southern plateau, characterized by an economic framework built up on the producition of food commodities and timber. It is remarkable, moreover, for the High percentage of small family establishments in the agricultural set-up. In the west there are still traces of a pioneer fringe. In certain areas some kinds of farming have been taken over by commercial concerns, as in the case of the wheat “granjas” and the wine “cabanas”. b) The Campanha is the region of the open range, where cattle and sheep are raised on large properties. In some areas, as in the Jacuí valley or along the coast or the shores of the Patos Lagoon, there are irrigated rice paddies with mechanized labor. c) The metropolis of Porto Alegre is an urban and industrial nucleus of some geographical importance, which dominates the southernmost part of the country. 3. The WEST CENTER and the NORTH OF MINAS form a ring of stockfarming around the edge of the SOUTHERN CENTER, supplying most to the SOUTHEASTERN region. Thirty million head of cattle are raised there and the human population is between 4 and 5 million. It is the complementary region to the SOUTHEAST, and attracts farmers in search of woodland areas to clear for crops. Much rice is grown inside the pastoral ring, for it is a cereal that can be profitable at a long distance from the markets. II. The NORTHEAST has no framework of industrial regions, though it does have a way of life its own. Intraregional relations are on a larger scale than interregional relations. It comprises 6,700,000 farm workers, 43% of the total for Brazil, spread over no more than 31% of the cultivated area of the country. The permanent nature of mercantilist economies is evident in such traits as fairs, handicraft output, etc. The Northeast is made up of: a) The tropical export crop belt, which is the dampest region and lines the eastern seaboard, h also the most densely populated, with its plantations and large cities. There are sugar-growing areas, a cocoa region and extensive groves of coconut palms. In short, it is the region that produces for export. Salvador and Recife are the big cities. b) The “Agreste” and dry forest region, adjoining the former, supplies both the seaboard and the sertão with food produce, but also raises some cash crops for export (tobacco, sisal and cotton). The agrarian pattern is highly varied, with areas in which small holdings predominate. In these parts, the highest rural densities in the country are to be found (more than 50 inhabitants to the sq. km.). c) The Sertão, or backwoods, covers the whole semi-arid interior of the Northeast; less densely peopled, it is the traditional area of stockraising for supplying the seaboard. The region evolves toward an agricultural pattern on the better situated tracts of land, where subsistence farming and cotton growing is pursued alongside of stockbreeding. Some areas of the sertäo have an output of extractive raw materials such as salt and carnauba wax, according to the local natural conditions. 2. The MIDDLE NORTH is a region of transition to the WEST CENTER and AMAZONIA, from both a physical and a human viewpoint. It has a bare four million inhabitants, densities being lower than 10 and 5 inhabitants to the sq. km. The 1,700,000 head of cattle raised in Piaui make it a great livestock area, transitional between the sertão and most charracteristic area of the MIDDLE NORTH, Maranhäo, which also has large herds of cattle and produces babaçu. Immigrants from the Northeast are absorbed into the forest areas, where they thrust back the pioneer fringe in the Pindaré and Mearim basins, rice being the principal cash crop. III. AMAZONIA is primarily a vast natural region, subordinated to the SOUTHERN CENTER, and only a few areas are settled. Density in the greater part of the territory falls below 0.(5 inhab./km², and the total population is no more than 3 million. The region is characterized by the relative importance of forest extractive industries. Urban macrocephaly to an extreme, with cities below Belém and Manaus practically insignificant, is allied to the tenuous nature of inland relations which are reduced almost entirely to forwarding products for export and distributing imported goods. However, the region undoubtedly has a wealth of natural resources awaiting development. The main divisions are: a) The mouth</abstract><pub>Instituto Panamericano de Geografía e Historia</pub></addata></record> |
| fulltext | fulltext |
| identifier | ISSN: 0031-0581 |
| ispartof | Revista geográfica - Instituto panamericano de geografía e historia, 1964-01, Vol.33 (61), p.25-57 |
| issn | 0031-0581 |
| language | por |
| recordid | cdi_jstor_primary_40991791 |
| source | Jstor Complete Legacy; Alma/SFX Local Collection |
| title | Organização Regional do Brasil |
| url | https://sfx.bib-bvb.de/sfx_tum?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&ctx_tim=2024-12-18T18%3A56%3A22IST&url_ver=Z39.88-2004&url_ctx_fmt=infofi/fmt:kev:mtx:ctx&rfr_id=info:sid/primo.exlibrisgroup.com:primo3-Article-jstor&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Organiza%C3%A7%C3%A3o%20Regional%20do%20Brasil&rft.jtitle=Revista%20geogra%CC%81fica%20-%20Instituto%20panamericano%20de%20geografi%CC%81a%20e%20historia&rft.au=Geiger,%20Pedro%20Pinchas&rft.date=1964-01-01&rft.volume=33&rft.issue=61&rft.spage=25&rft.epage=57&rft.pages=25-57&rft.issn=0031-0581&rft_id=info:doi/&rft_dat=%3Cjstor%3E40991791%3C/jstor%3E%3Curl%3E%3C/url%3E&disable_directlink=true&sfx.directlink=off&sfx.report_link=0&rft_id=info:oai/&rft_id=info:pmid/&rft_jstor_id=40991791&rfr_iscdi=true |