Reconnection Outflow Reversal Associated with Ion-scale Magnetic Flux Ropes in the Earth's Midtail: ARTEMIS Observations and Reconstruction Results

A rare reconnection outflow reversal in the Earth's midtail observed by the two Acceleration, Reconnection, Turbulence, and Electrodynamics of the Moon's Interaction with the Sun (ARTEMIS) probes, is presented. During the event, two ion-scale magnetic flux ropes were separately observed by THC in the earthward and tailward reconnection outflows that were adjacent and accompanied, respectively, by the positive and negative normal magnetic field components to the current sheet. The two flux ropes were separated by ∼2.75 minutes and at the center of the flux ropes, the magnetic field strength was enhanced with a large core field. Comparison results of the convection and measured electric fields reveal that the ions and the magnetic fields were decoupled in the regions surrounding the two flux ropes. The two-dimensional magnetic field maps from the Grad–Shafranov reconstruction show that the diameters of the two flux ropes were similar, being ∼7.1 and ∼7.9 ion inertial lengths, but the aspect ratios of the width to the length were different, being ∼0.35 and ∼0.47. Moreover, one of the reconstructed field maps suggests that multiple x -lines may exist in the midtail reconnection and that the traveling compression region of the flux rope was seen at THB. The angle between the axial orientations of the two flux ropes was large, being ∼55°, and their axes were tilted away from the direction of the reconnection guide field, in agreement with the earlier studies of the magnetotail flux ropes.