A Data-scientific Noise-removal Method for Efficient Submillimeter Spectroscopy With Single-dish Telescopes

For submillimeter spectroscopy with ground-based single-dish telescopes, removing the noise contribution from the Earth’s atmosphere and the instrument is essential. For this purpose, here we propose a new method based on a data-scientific approach. The key technique is statistical matrix decomposit...

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Veröffentlicht in:The Astronomical journal 2021-09, Vol.162 (3), p.111
Hauptverfasser: Taniguchi, Akio, Tamura, Yoichi, Ikeda, Shiro, Takekoshi, Tatsuya, Kawabe, Ryohei
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container_start_page 111
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creator Taniguchi, Akio
Tamura, Yoichi
Ikeda, Shiro
Takekoshi, Tatsuya
Kawabe, Ryohei
description For submillimeter spectroscopy with ground-based single-dish telescopes, removing the noise contribution from the Earth’s atmosphere and the instrument is essential. For this purpose, here we propose a new method based on a data-scientific approach. The key technique is statistical matrix decomposition that automatically separates the signals of astronomical emission lines from the drift noise components in the fast-sampled (1–10 Hz) time-series spectra obtained by a position-switching (PSW) observation. Because the proposed method does not apply subtraction between two sets of noisy data (i.e., on-source and off-source spectra), it improves the observation sensitivity by a factor of 2 . It also reduces artificial signals such as baseline ripples on a spectrum, which may also help to improve the effective sensitivity. We demonstrate this improvement by using the spectroscopic data of emission lines toward a high-redshift galaxy observed with a 2 mm receiver on the 50 m Large Millimeter Telescope. Since the proposed method is carried out offline and no additional measurements are required, it offers an instant improvement on the spectra reduced so far with the conventional method. It also enables efficient deep spectroscopy driven by the future 50 m class large submillimeter single-dish telescopes, where fast PSW observations by mechanical antenna or mirror drive are difficult to achieve.
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ispartof The Astronomical journal, 2021-09, Vol.162 (3), p.111
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subjects ANTENNAS
Astronomical methods
Astronomy
Astronomy data reduction
ASTROPHYSICS, COSMOLOGY AND ASTRONOMY
ATMOSPHERES
Atmospheric effects
Celestial bodies
EMISSION
Emission lines
GALAXIES
MATRICES
Millimeter astronomy
MIRRORS
NOISE
OTHER INSTRUMENTATION
RED SHIFT
SENSITIVITY
SIGNALS
SPECTRA
Spectroscopic telescopes
SPECTROSCOPY
Spectrum analysis
Submillimeter astronomy
Subtraction
TELESCOPES
title A Data-scientific Noise-removal Method for Efficient Submillimeter Spectroscopy With Single-dish Telescopes
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