Patient-specific CT calibration based on ion radiography for different detector configurations in 1H, 4He and 12C ion pencil beam scanning

The empirical conversion of the treatment planning x-ray computed tomography (CT) image to ion stopping power relative to water causes dose calculation inaccuracies in ion beam therapy. A patient-specific calibration of the CT image is enabled by the combination of an ion radiography (iRad) with the...

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Veröffentlicht in:Physics in medicine & biology 2020-12, Vol.65 (24), p.245014-245014
Hauptverfasser: Gianoli, Chiara, Göppel, Maximilian, Meyer, Sebastian, Palaniappan, Prasannakumar, Rädler, Martin, Kamp, Florian, Belka, Claus, Riboldi, Marco, Parodi, Katia
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container_end_page 245014
container_issue 24
container_start_page 245014
container_title Physics in medicine & biology
container_volume 65
creator Gianoli, Chiara
Göppel, Maximilian
Meyer, Sebastian
Palaniappan, Prasannakumar
Rädler, Martin
Kamp, Florian
Belka, Claus
Riboldi, Marco
Parodi, Katia
description The empirical conversion of the treatment planning x-ray computed tomography (CT) image to ion stopping power relative to water causes dose calculation inaccuracies in ion beam therapy. A patient-specific calibration of the CT image is enabled by the combination of an ion radiography (iRad) with the forward-projection of the empirically converted CT image along the estimated ion trajectories. This work investigated the patient-specific CT calibration for list-mode and integration-mode detector configurations, with reference to a ground truth ion CT (iCT) image. Analytical simulations of idealized carbon ion and proton trajectories in a numerical anthropomorphic phantom and realistic Monte Carlo simulations of proton, helium and carbon ion pencil beam scanning in a clinical CT image of a head-and-neck patient were considered. Controlled inaccuracy and noise levels were applied to the calibration curve and to the iRad, respectively. The impact of the selection of slices and angles of the iRads, as well as the choice of the optimization algorithm, were investigated. Accurate and robust CT calibration was obtained in analytical simulations of straight carbon ion trajectories. Analytical simulations of non-straight proton trajectories due to scattering suggested limitations for integration-mode but not for list-mode. To make the most of integration-mode, a dedicated objective function was proposed, demonstrating the desired accuracy for sufficiently high proton statistics in analytical simulations. In clinical data the inconsistencies between the iRad and the forward-projection of the ground truth iCT image were in the same order of magnitude as the applied inaccuracies (up to 5%). The accuracy of the CT calibration were within 2%-5% for integration-mode and 1%-3% for list-mode. The feasibility of successful patient-specific CT calibration depends on detector technologies and is primarily limited by these above mentioned inconsistencies that slightly penalize protons over helium and carbon ions due to larger scattering and beam spot size.
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subjects clinical data
CT calibration
ion radiography
list-mode and integration-mode detector configurations
title Patient-specific CT calibration based on ion radiography for different detector configurations in 1H, 4He and 12C ion pencil beam scanning
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