Sensitivity and specificity of the 3-item memory test in the assessment of post traumatic amnesia
Primary objective: To investigate how the type of stimulus (pictures or words) and the method of reproduction (free recall or recognition after a short or a long delay) affect the sensitivity and specificity of a 3-item memory test in the assessment of post traumatic amnesia (PTA). Methods: Daily te...
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| Veröffentlicht in: | Brain injury 2009-01, Vol.23 (4), p.345-352 |
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| creator | Andriessen, Teuntje M. J. C. de Jong, Ben Jacobs, Bram van der Werf, Sieberen P. Vos, Pieter E. |
| description | Primary objective: To investigate how the type of stimulus (pictures or words) and the method of reproduction (free recall or recognition after a short or a long delay) affect the sensitivity and specificity of a 3-item memory test in the assessment of post traumatic amnesia (PTA).
Methods: Daily testing was performed in 64 consecutively admitted traumatic brain injured patients, 22 orthopedically injured patients and 26 healthy controls until criteria for resolution of PTA were reached. Subjects were randomly assigned to a test with visual or verbal stimuli. Short delay reproduction was tested after an interval of 3-5 minutes, long delay reproduction was tested after 24 hours. Sensitivity and specificity were calculated over the first 4 test days.
Results: The 3-word test showed higher sensitivity than the 3-picture test, while specificity of the two tests was equally high. Free recall was a more effortful task than recognition for both patients and controls. In patients, a longer delay between registration and recall resulted in a significant decrease in the number of items reproduced.
Conclusions: Presence of PTA is best assessed with a memory test that incorporates the free recall of words after a long delay. |
| doi_str_mv | 10.1080/02699050902791414 |
| format | Article |
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Methods: Daily testing was performed in 64 consecutively admitted traumatic brain injured patients, 22 orthopedically injured patients and 26 healthy controls until criteria for resolution of PTA were reached. Subjects were randomly assigned to a test with visual or verbal stimuli. Short delay reproduction was tested after an interval of 3-5 minutes, long delay reproduction was tested after 24 hours. Sensitivity and specificity were calculated over the first 4 test days.
Results: The 3-word test showed higher sensitivity than the 3-picture test, while specificity of the two tests was equally high. Free recall was a more effortful task than recognition for both patients and controls. In patients, a longer delay between registration and recall resulted in a significant decrease in the number of items reproduced.
Conclusions: Presence of PTA is best assessed with a memory test that incorporates the free recall of words after a long delay.</description><identifier>ISSN: 0269-9052</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1362-301X</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1080/02699050902791414</identifier><identifier>PMID: 19330596</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>England: Informa UK Ltd</publisher><subject>Adolescent ; Adult ; Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Amnesia - diagnosis ; Amnesia - etiology ; Bone and Bones - injuries ; Brain Injuries - complications ; Case-Control Studies ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; memory test ; Mental Recall ; Middle Aged ; Netherlands ; Neuropsychological Tests - standards ; Post traumatic amnesia ; Sensitivity and Specificity ; Stress Disorders, Post-Traumatic - diagnosis ; Stress Disorders, Post-Traumatic - etiology ; traumatic brain injury ; Young Adult</subject><ispartof>Brain injury, 2009-01, Vol.23 (4), p.345-352</ispartof><rights>2009 Informa UK Ltd All rights reserved: reproduction in whole or part not permitted 2009</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c405t-8edd709e2b3d26394cb911d7dc8d317948aebfe4e341f4d27809599ebc618f513</citedby><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c405t-8edd709e2b3d26394cb911d7dc8d317948aebfe4e341f4d27809599ebc618f513</cites></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><linktopdf>$$Uhttps://www.tandfonline.com/doi/pdf/10.1080/02699050902791414$$EPDF$$P50$$Ginformaworld$$H</linktopdf><linktohtml>$$Uhttps://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1080/02699050902791414$$EHTML$$P50$$Ginformaworld$$H</linktohtml><link.rule.ids>314,776,780,27901,27902,59620,59726,60409,60515,61194,61229,61375,61410</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19330596$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><creatorcontrib>Andriessen, Teuntje M. J. C.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>de Jong, Ben</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Jacobs, Bram</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>van der Werf, Sieberen P.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Vos, Pieter E.</creatorcontrib><title>Sensitivity and specificity of the 3-item memory test in the assessment of post traumatic amnesia</title><title>Brain injury</title><addtitle>Brain Inj</addtitle><description>Primary objective: To investigate how the type of stimulus (pictures or words) and the method of reproduction (free recall or recognition after a short or a long delay) affect the sensitivity and specificity of a 3-item memory test in the assessment of post traumatic amnesia (PTA).
Methods: Daily testing was performed in 64 consecutively admitted traumatic brain injured patients, 22 orthopedically injured patients and 26 healthy controls until criteria for resolution of PTA were reached. Subjects were randomly assigned to a test with visual or verbal stimuli. Short delay reproduction was tested after an interval of 3-5 minutes, long delay reproduction was tested after 24 hours. Sensitivity and specificity were calculated over the first 4 test days.
Results: The 3-word test showed higher sensitivity than the 3-picture test, while specificity of the two tests was equally high. Free recall was a more effortful task than recognition for both patients and controls. In patients, a longer delay between registration and recall resulted in a significant decrease in the number of items reproduced.
Conclusions: Presence of PTA is best assessed with a memory test that incorporates the free recall of words after a long delay.</description><subject>Adolescent</subject><subject>Adult</subject><subject>Aged</subject><subject>Aged, 80 and over</subject><subject>Amnesia - diagnosis</subject><subject>Amnesia - etiology</subject><subject>Bone and Bones - injuries</subject><subject>Brain Injuries - complications</subject><subject>Case-Control Studies</subject><subject>Female</subject><subject>Humans</subject><subject>Male</subject><subject>memory test</subject><subject>Mental Recall</subject><subject>Middle Aged</subject><subject>Netherlands</subject><subject>Neuropsychological Tests - standards</subject><subject>Post traumatic amnesia</subject><subject>Sensitivity and Specificity</subject><subject>Stress Disorders, Post-Traumatic - diagnosis</subject><subject>Stress Disorders, Post-Traumatic - etiology</subject><subject>traumatic brain injury</subject><subject>Young Adult</subject><issn>0269-9052</issn><issn>1362-301X</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2009</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><sourceid>EIF</sourceid><recordid>eNp9kM1rFTEUxYNY7Gv1D3Ajs3M19d7JfAXdSKkfUOhCBXchk9zwUibJM8lY3n_feb4HIkJXl8v5ncPhMPYa4QphhHfQ9EJABwKaQWCL7TO2Qd43NQf8-ZxtDnq9As05u8j5HgCwQ3jBzlFwDp3oN0x9o5Bdcb9d2VcqmCrvSDvr9OGPtipbqnjtCvnKk49pXxXKpXLhj6Jyppw9hXJgd3FVSlKLV8XpSvlA2amX7MyqOdOr071kPz7dfL_-Ut_eff56_fG21i10pR7JmAEENRM3Tc9FqyeBaAajR8NxEO2oaLLUEm_RtqYZRhCdEDTpHkfbIb9kb4-5uxR_LWtJ6V3WNM8qUFyyHDjnDYexW0k8kjrFnBNZuUvOq7SXCPIwrPxv2NXz5pS-TJ7MX8dpyRX4cARcsDF59RDTbGRR-zkmm1TQLkv-VP77f-xbUnPZapVI3sclhXW5J9o9AsFZmUY</recordid><startdate>20090101</startdate><enddate>20090101</enddate><creator>Andriessen, Teuntje M. J. C.</creator><creator>de Jong, Ben</creator><creator>Jacobs, Bram</creator><creator>van der Werf, Sieberen P.</creator><creator>Vos, Pieter E.</creator><general>Informa UK Ltd</general><general>Taylor & Francis</general><scope>CGR</scope><scope>CUY</scope><scope>CVF</scope><scope>ECM</scope><scope>EIF</scope><scope>NPM</scope><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>7X8</scope></search><sort><creationdate>20090101</creationdate><title>Sensitivity and specificity of the 3-item memory test in the assessment of post traumatic amnesia</title><author>Andriessen, Teuntje M. J. C. ; de Jong, Ben ; Jacobs, Bram ; van der Werf, Sieberen P. ; Vos, Pieter E.</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c405t-8edd709e2b3d26394cb911d7dc8d317948aebfe4e341f4d27809599ebc618f513</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2009</creationdate><topic>Adolescent</topic><topic>Adult</topic><topic>Aged</topic><topic>Aged, 80 and over</topic><topic>Amnesia - diagnosis</topic><topic>Amnesia - etiology</topic><topic>Bone and Bones - injuries</topic><topic>Brain Injuries - complications</topic><topic>Case-Control Studies</topic><topic>Female</topic><topic>Humans</topic><topic>Male</topic><topic>memory test</topic><topic>Mental Recall</topic><topic>Middle Aged</topic><topic>Netherlands</topic><topic>Neuropsychological Tests - standards</topic><topic>Post traumatic amnesia</topic><topic>Sensitivity and Specificity</topic><topic>Stress Disorders, Post-Traumatic - diagnosis</topic><topic>Stress Disorders, Post-Traumatic - etiology</topic><topic>traumatic brain injury</topic><topic>Young Adult</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Andriessen, Teuntje M. J. C.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>de Jong, Ben</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Jacobs, Bram</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>van der Werf, Sieberen P.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Vos, Pieter E.</creatorcontrib><collection>Medline</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE (Ovid)</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>PubMed</collection><collection>CrossRef</collection><collection>MEDLINE - Academic</collection><jtitle>Brain injury</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Andriessen, Teuntje M. J. C.</au><au>de Jong, Ben</au><au>Jacobs, Bram</au><au>van der Werf, Sieberen P.</au><au>Vos, Pieter E.</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Sensitivity and specificity of the 3-item memory test in the assessment of post traumatic amnesia</atitle><jtitle>Brain injury</jtitle><addtitle>Brain Inj</addtitle><date>2009-01-01</date><risdate>2009</risdate><volume>23</volume><issue>4</issue><spage>345</spage><epage>352</epage><pages>345-352</pages><issn>0269-9052</issn><eissn>1362-301X</eissn><abstract>Primary objective: To investigate how the type of stimulus (pictures or words) and the method of reproduction (free recall or recognition after a short or a long delay) affect the sensitivity and specificity of a 3-item memory test in the assessment of post traumatic amnesia (PTA).
Methods: Daily testing was performed in 64 consecutively admitted traumatic brain injured patients, 22 orthopedically injured patients and 26 healthy controls until criteria for resolution of PTA were reached. Subjects were randomly assigned to a test with visual or verbal stimuli. Short delay reproduction was tested after an interval of 3-5 minutes, long delay reproduction was tested after 24 hours. Sensitivity and specificity were calculated over the first 4 test days.
Results: The 3-word test showed higher sensitivity than the 3-picture test, while specificity of the two tests was equally high. Free recall was a more effortful task than recognition for both patients and controls. In patients, a longer delay between registration and recall resulted in a significant decrease in the number of items reproduced.
Conclusions: Presence of PTA is best assessed with a memory test that incorporates the free recall of words after a long delay.</abstract><cop>England</cop><pub>Informa UK Ltd</pub><pmid>19330596</pmid><doi>10.1080/02699050902791414</doi><tpages>8</tpages></addata></record> |
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| ispartof | Brain injury, 2009-01, Vol.23 (4), p.345-352 |
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| source | Taylor & Francis; MEDLINE; Taylor & Francis Medical Library - CRKN |
| subjects | Adolescent Adult Aged Aged, 80 and over Amnesia - diagnosis Amnesia - etiology Bone and Bones - injuries Brain Injuries - complications Case-Control Studies Female Humans Male memory test Mental Recall Middle Aged Netherlands Neuropsychological Tests - standards Post traumatic amnesia Sensitivity and Specificity Stress Disorders, Post-Traumatic - diagnosis Stress Disorders, Post-Traumatic - etiology traumatic brain injury Young Adult |
| title | Sensitivity and specificity of the 3-item memory test in the assessment of post traumatic amnesia |
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