Integer boundary spur considerations for fractional-N PLL based FMCW radar
Fractional-N phase locked loops (PLLs) offer a low-cost solution to the precision frequency ramp requirements of frequency-modulated continuous-wave (FMCW) radar. In this application, however, the infamous spurious signals generated by these PLLs have not received adequate analysis. In this Letter,...
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| Veröffentlicht in: | Electronics letters 2020-07, Vol.56 (14), p.729-732 |
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| container_title | Electronics letters |
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| creator | Jordan, D.A Inggs, M.R Abdul Gaffar, M.Y |
| description | Fractional-N phase locked loops (PLLs) offer a low-cost solution to the precision frequency ramp requirements of frequency-modulated continuous-wave (FMCW) radar. In this application, however, the infamous spurious signals generated by these PLLs have not received adequate analysis. In this Letter, the authors investigate the impact of integer boundary spurs on FMCW radar performance. They show that the offset of these spurs is swept during the course of waveform generation, and that undesirable spur chirps manifest in the beat signal as a result. These spur chirps span the radar's intermediate frequency bandwidth and produce Fresnel ripples in the range profile which reduce spurious-free dynamic range. They present simulations and measurements that demonstrate how reduction of PLL bandwidth can be used to suppress these spurii. |
| doi_str_mv | 10.1049/el.2020.0764 |
| format | Article |
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In this application, however, the infamous spurious signals generated by these PLLs have not received adequate analysis. In this Letter, the authors investigate the impact of integer boundary spurs on FMCW radar performance. They show that the offset of these spurs is swept during the course of waveform generation, and that undesirable spur chirps manifest in the beat signal as a result. These spur chirps span the radar's intermediate frequency bandwidth and produce Fresnel ripples in the range profile which reduce spurious-free dynamic range. They present simulations and measurements that demonstrate how reduction of PLL bandwidth can be used to suppress these spurii.</description><identifier>ISSN: 0013-5194</identifier><identifier>ISSN: 1350-911X</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1350-911X</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1049/el.2020.0764</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>The Institution of Engineering and Technology</publisher><subject>beat signal ; CW radar ; FM radar ; FMCW radar performance ; fractional‐N phase locked loops ; fractional‐N PLL ; frequency‐modulated continuous‐wave radar ; Fresnel ripples ; integer boundary spurs ; low‐cost solution ; phase locked loops ; PLL bandwidth ; precision frequency ramp requirements ; radar signal processing ; Radar, sonar and navigation ; spur chirps ; spurious signals ; spurious‐free dynamic range reduction ; waveform generation ; waveform generators</subject><ispartof>Electronics letters, 2020-07, Vol.56 (14), p.729-732</ispartof><rights>The Institution of Engineering and Technology</rights><rights>2020 The Institution of Engineering and Technology</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><oa>free_for_read</oa><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c3814-1daab038622da56359e04fe8a715acc5d1ee3a9a0859ba9e7946ac70bd5046f33</citedby><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c3814-1daab038622da56359e04fe8a715acc5d1ee3a9a0859ba9e7946ac70bd5046f33</cites><orcidid>0000-0003-4047-9733 ; 0000-0003-2162-7710</orcidid></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><linktopdf>$$Uhttps://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1049%2Fel.2020.0764$$EPDF$$P50$$Gwiley$$H</linktopdf><linktohtml>$$Uhttps://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full/10.1049%2Fel.2020.0764$$EHTML$$P50$$Gwiley$$H</linktohtml><link.rule.ids>314,780,784,1416,11560,27922,27923,45572,45573,46050,46474</link.rule.ids><linktorsrc>$$Uhttps://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1049%2Fel.2020.0764$$EView_record_in_Wiley-Blackwell$$FView_record_in_$$GWiley-Blackwell</linktorsrc></links><search><creatorcontrib>Jordan, D.A</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Inggs, M.R</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Abdul Gaffar, M.Y</creatorcontrib><title>Integer boundary spur considerations for fractional-N PLL based FMCW radar</title><title>Electronics letters</title><description>Fractional-N phase locked loops (PLLs) offer a low-cost solution to the precision frequency ramp requirements of frequency-modulated continuous-wave (FMCW) radar. In this application, however, the infamous spurious signals generated by these PLLs have not received adequate analysis. In this Letter, the authors investigate the impact of integer boundary spurs on FMCW radar performance. They show that the offset of these spurs is swept during the course of waveform generation, and that undesirable spur chirps manifest in the beat signal as a result. These spur chirps span the radar's intermediate frequency bandwidth and produce Fresnel ripples in the range profile which reduce spurious-free dynamic range. They present simulations and measurements that demonstrate how reduction of PLL bandwidth can be used to suppress these spurii.</description><subject>beat signal</subject><subject>CW radar</subject><subject>FM radar</subject><subject>FMCW radar performance</subject><subject>fractional‐N phase locked loops</subject><subject>fractional‐N PLL</subject><subject>frequency‐modulated continuous‐wave radar</subject><subject>Fresnel ripples</subject><subject>integer boundary spurs</subject><subject>low‐cost solution</subject><subject>phase locked loops</subject><subject>PLL bandwidth</subject><subject>precision frequency ramp requirements</subject><subject>radar signal processing</subject><subject>Radar, sonar and navigation</subject><subject>spur chirps</subject><subject>spurious signals</subject><subject>spurious‐free dynamic range reduction</subject><subject>waveform generation</subject><subject>waveform generators</subject><issn>0013-5194</issn><issn>1350-911X</issn><issn>1350-911X</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2020</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><recordid>eNp9kD9PwzAQxS0EElXpxgfwwMBAyl1sJ_EIVQtF4c8Ags26xDYKCk1lt0L99iQqAwNiujvp907vPcZOEaYIUl-6dppCClPIM3nARigUJBrx7ZCNAFAkCrU8ZpMYmwpQosxA4ojdLVcb9-4Cr7rtylLY8bjeBl53q9hYF2jT9Bv3XeA-UD1c1CYP_KkseUXRWb64n73yQL30hB15aqOb_Mwxe1nMn2e3Sfl4s5xdlUktCpQJWqIKRJGlqSWVCaUdSO8KylFRXSuLzgnSBIXSFWmXa5lRnUNlFcjMCzFmF_u_dehiDM6bdWg-e-sGwQxVGNeaoQozVNHjao9_Na3b_cuaeVmm1wvIQQ-6s72ucRvz0W1Dnzz2xC98bX2Pnf-B_enkG9xseW0</recordid><startdate>20200709</startdate><enddate>20200709</enddate><creator>Jordan, D.A</creator><creator>Inggs, M.R</creator><creator>Abdul Gaffar, M.Y</creator><general>The Institution of Engineering and Technology</general><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4047-9733</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2162-7710</orcidid></search><sort><creationdate>20200709</creationdate><title>Integer boundary spur considerations for fractional-N PLL based FMCW radar</title><author>Jordan, D.A ; Inggs, M.R ; Abdul Gaffar, M.Y</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c3814-1daab038622da56359e04fe8a715acc5d1ee3a9a0859ba9e7946ac70bd5046f33</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2020</creationdate><topic>beat signal</topic><topic>CW radar</topic><topic>FM radar</topic><topic>FMCW radar performance</topic><topic>fractional‐N phase locked loops</topic><topic>fractional‐N PLL</topic><topic>frequency‐modulated continuous‐wave radar</topic><topic>Fresnel ripples</topic><topic>integer boundary spurs</topic><topic>low‐cost solution</topic><topic>phase locked loops</topic><topic>PLL bandwidth</topic><topic>precision frequency ramp requirements</topic><topic>radar signal processing</topic><topic>Radar, sonar and navigation</topic><topic>spur chirps</topic><topic>spurious signals</topic><topic>spurious‐free dynamic range reduction</topic><topic>waveform generation</topic><topic>waveform generators</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Jordan, D.A</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Inggs, M.R</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Abdul Gaffar, M.Y</creatorcontrib><collection>CrossRef</collection><jtitle>Electronics letters</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext_linktorsrc</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Jordan, D.A</au><au>Inggs, M.R</au><au>Abdul Gaffar, M.Y</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Integer boundary spur considerations for fractional-N PLL based FMCW radar</atitle><jtitle>Electronics letters</jtitle><date>2020-07-09</date><risdate>2020</risdate><volume>56</volume><issue>14</issue><spage>729</spage><epage>732</epage><pages>729-732</pages><issn>0013-5194</issn><issn>1350-911X</issn><eissn>1350-911X</eissn><abstract>Fractional-N phase locked loops (PLLs) offer a low-cost solution to the precision frequency ramp requirements of frequency-modulated continuous-wave (FMCW) radar. In this application, however, the infamous spurious signals generated by these PLLs have not received adequate analysis. In this Letter, the authors investigate the impact of integer boundary spurs on FMCW radar performance. They show that the offset of these spurs is swept during the course of waveform generation, and that undesirable spur chirps manifest in the beat signal as a result. These spur chirps span the radar's intermediate frequency bandwidth and produce Fresnel ripples in the range profile which reduce spurious-free dynamic range. They present simulations and measurements that demonstrate how reduction of PLL bandwidth can be used to suppress these spurii.</abstract><pub>The Institution of Engineering and Technology</pub><doi>10.1049/el.2020.0764</doi><tpages>4</tpages><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4047-9733</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2162-7710</orcidid><oa>free_for_read</oa></addata></record> |
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| ispartof | Electronics letters, 2020-07, Vol.56 (14), p.729-732 |
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| source | Wiley-Blackwell Open Access Titles |
| subjects | beat signal CW radar FM radar FMCW radar performance fractional‐N phase locked loops fractional‐N PLL frequency‐modulated continuous‐wave radar Fresnel ripples integer boundary spurs low‐cost solution phase locked loops PLL bandwidth precision frequency ramp requirements radar signal processing Radar, sonar and navigation spur chirps spurious signals spurious‐free dynamic range reduction waveform generation waveform generators |
| title | Integer boundary spur considerations for fractional-N PLL based FMCW radar |
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