Drive-Induced Backward-Wave Oscillations in Helix Traveling-Wave Tubes-A Case Study
The output section of helix traveling-wave tubes (TWTs) usually features a tapered delay line to enhance the amplifier performance. This alters the phase velocity of the circuit waves, which, in particular, disturbs the narrowband synchronism between the backward wave (BW) and the electron beam. As...
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| Veröffentlicht in: | IEEE transactions on electron devices 2021-12, Vol.68 (12), p.6492-6497 |
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| container_title | IEEE transactions on electron devices |
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| creator | Hagermann, Moritz Birtel, Philip Jacob, Arne F. |
| description | The output section of helix traveling-wave tubes (TWTs) usually features a tapered delay line to enhance the amplifier performance. This alters the phase velocity of the circuit waves, which, in particular, disturbs the narrowband synchronism between the backward wave (BW) and the electron beam. As a result, the excitation threshold of BW oscillations (BWOs) increases. Large-signal operation significantly alters beam-wave synchronism, as the electrons loose kinetic energy during the amplification process, i.e., toward the TWT output. As a result, beam and BW may interact over a larger distance, thus lowering the threshold for the onset of BWOs. These would thus be drive-induced in contrast to the zero-drive BWOs mentioned above. The following investigates the occurrence of such drive-induced BWOs as a case study of several different TWT models and proposes a theory for the large-signal instability. As the simulation process is quite involved and time-consuming, a heuristic approach for the fast prediction of the oscillation is presented as well. |
| doi_str_mv | 10.1109/TED.2021.3120055 |
| format | Article |
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This alters the phase velocity of the circuit waves, which, in particular, disturbs the narrowband synchronism between the backward wave (BW) and the electron beam. As a result, the excitation threshold of BW oscillations (BWOs) increases. Large-signal operation significantly alters beam-wave synchronism, as the electrons loose kinetic energy during the amplification process, i.e., toward the TWT output. As a result, beam and BW may interact over a larger distance, thus lowering the threshold for the onset of BWOs. These would thus be drive-induced in contrast to the zero-drive BWOs mentioned above. The following investigates the occurrence of such drive-induced BWOs as a case study of several different TWT models and proposes a theory for the large-signal instability. As the simulation process is quite involved and time-consuming, a heuristic approach for the fast prediction of the oscillation is presented as well.</description><identifier>ISSN: 0018-9383</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1557-9646</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1109/TED.2021.3120055</identifier><identifier>CODEN: IETDAI</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>New York: IEEE</publisher><subject>Backward waves ; Backward-wave oscillations (BWOs) ; Case studies ; Circuits ; Delay lines ; drive-induced oscillations ; Electron beams ; Electron tubes ; Gain ; helix traveling-wave tubes (TWTs) ; Heuristic methods ; Kinetic energy ; Narrowband ; Oscillations ; Oscillators ; Phase velocity ; Predictive models ; Signal processing ; Synchronism ; Traveling wave tubes</subject><ispartof>IEEE transactions on electron devices, 2021-12, Vol.68 (12), p.6492-6497</ispartof><rights>Copyright The Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc. (IEEE) 2021</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c291t-a160fdd8c0966bf6f451b160dd7c261cf4063dac9a4dc1795c7a1265f635f26a3</citedby><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c291t-a160fdd8c0966bf6f451b160dd7c261cf4063dac9a4dc1795c7a1265f635f26a3</cites><orcidid>0000-0003-1419-4275 ; 0000-0002-4922-7957 ; 0000-0001-6833-2261</orcidid></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><linktohtml>$$Uhttps://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/9585032$$EHTML$$P50$$Gieee$$H</linktohtml><link.rule.ids>314,777,781,793,27905,27906,54739</link.rule.ids><linktorsrc>$$Uhttps://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/9585032$$EView_record_in_IEEE$$FView_record_in_$$GIEEE</linktorsrc></links><search><creatorcontrib>Hagermann, Moritz</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Birtel, Philip</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Jacob, Arne F.</creatorcontrib><title>Drive-Induced Backward-Wave Oscillations in Helix Traveling-Wave Tubes-A Case Study</title><title>IEEE transactions on electron devices</title><addtitle>TED</addtitle><description>The output section of helix traveling-wave tubes (TWTs) usually features a tapered delay line to enhance the amplifier performance. This alters the phase velocity of the circuit waves, which, in particular, disturbs the narrowband synchronism between the backward wave (BW) and the electron beam. As a result, the excitation threshold of BW oscillations (BWOs) increases. Large-signal operation significantly alters beam-wave synchronism, as the electrons loose kinetic energy during the amplification process, i.e., toward the TWT output. As a result, beam and BW may interact over a larger distance, thus lowering the threshold for the onset of BWOs. These would thus be drive-induced in contrast to the zero-drive BWOs mentioned above. The following investigates the occurrence of such drive-induced BWOs as a case study of several different TWT models and proposes a theory for the large-signal instability. As the simulation process is quite involved and time-consuming, a heuristic approach for the fast prediction of the oscillation is presented as well.</description><subject>Backward waves</subject><subject>Backward-wave oscillations (BWOs)</subject><subject>Case studies</subject><subject>Circuits</subject><subject>Delay lines</subject><subject>drive-induced oscillations</subject><subject>Electron beams</subject><subject>Electron tubes</subject><subject>Gain</subject><subject>helix traveling-wave tubes (TWTs)</subject><subject>Heuristic methods</subject><subject>Kinetic energy</subject><subject>Narrowband</subject><subject>Oscillations</subject><subject>Oscillators</subject><subject>Phase velocity</subject><subject>Predictive models</subject><subject>Signal processing</subject><subject>Synchronism</subject><subject>Traveling wave tubes</subject><issn>0018-9383</issn><issn>1557-9646</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2021</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><sourceid>RIE</sourceid><recordid>eNo9kE1LAzEQhoMoWKt3wcuC59R87-ZY22oLhR664jGk-ZDUdbcm3Wr_vVu2eBpm5nln4AHgHqMRxkg-lbPpiCCCRxQThDi_AAPMeQ6lYOISDBDCBZS0oNfgJqVt1wrGyACspzEcHFzUtjXOZs_afP7oaOG7PrhslUyoKr0PTZ2yUGdzV4XfrIzdrgr1Rw-V7cYlOM4mOrlsvW_t8RZceV0ld3euQ_D2Misnc7hcvS4m4yU0ROI91Fggb21hkBRi44VnHG-6mbW5IQIbz5CgVhupmTU4l9zkGhPBvaDcE6HpEDz2d3ex-W5d2qtt08a6e6mIQEwShgveUainTGxSis6rXQxfOh4VRuqkTnXq1EmdOqvrIg99JDjn_nHJC44ooX_LZ2jv</recordid><startdate>20211201</startdate><enddate>20211201</enddate><creator>Hagermann, Moritz</creator><creator>Birtel, Philip</creator><creator>Jacob, Arne F.</creator><general>IEEE</general><general>The Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc. (IEEE)</general><scope>97E</scope><scope>RIA</scope><scope>RIE</scope><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>7SP</scope><scope>8FD</scope><scope>L7M</scope><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1419-4275</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4922-7957</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6833-2261</orcidid></search><sort><creationdate>20211201</creationdate><title>Drive-Induced Backward-Wave Oscillations in Helix Traveling-Wave Tubes-A Case Study</title><author>Hagermann, Moritz ; Birtel, Philip ; Jacob, Arne F.</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c291t-a160fdd8c0966bf6f451b160dd7c261cf4063dac9a4dc1795c7a1265f635f26a3</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2021</creationdate><topic>Backward waves</topic><topic>Backward-wave oscillations (BWOs)</topic><topic>Case studies</topic><topic>Circuits</topic><topic>Delay lines</topic><topic>drive-induced oscillations</topic><topic>Electron beams</topic><topic>Electron tubes</topic><topic>Gain</topic><topic>helix traveling-wave tubes (TWTs)</topic><topic>Heuristic methods</topic><topic>Kinetic energy</topic><topic>Narrowband</topic><topic>Oscillations</topic><topic>Oscillators</topic><topic>Phase velocity</topic><topic>Predictive models</topic><topic>Signal processing</topic><topic>Synchronism</topic><topic>Traveling wave tubes</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Hagermann, Moritz</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Birtel, Philip</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Jacob, Arne F.</creatorcontrib><collection>IEEE All-Society Periodicals Package (ASPP) 2005-present</collection><collection>IEEE All-Society Periodicals Package (ASPP) 1998-Present</collection><collection>IEEE Electronic Library (IEL)</collection><collection>CrossRef</collection><collection>Electronics & Communications Abstracts</collection><collection>Technology Research Database</collection><collection>Advanced Technologies Database with Aerospace</collection><jtitle>IEEE transactions on electron devices</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext_linktorsrc</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Hagermann, Moritz</au><au>Birtel, Philip</au><au>Jacob, Arne F.</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Drive-Induced Backward-Wave Oscillations in Helix Traveling-Wave Tubes-A Case Study</atitle><jtitle>IEEE transactions on electron devices</jtitle><stitle>TED</stitle><date>2021-12-01</date><risdate>2021</risdate><volume>68</volume><issue>12</issue><spage>6492</spage><epage>6497</epage><pages>6492-6497</pages><issn>0018-9383</issn><eissn>1557-9646</eissn><coden>IETDAI</coden><abstract>The output section of helix traveling-wave tubes (TWTs) usually features a tapered delay line to enhance the amplifier performance. This alters the phase velocity of the circuit waves, which, in particular, disturbs the narrowband synchronism between the backward wave (BW) and the electron beam. As a result, the excitation threshold of BW oscillations (BWOs) increases. Large-signal operation significantly alters beam-wave synchronism, as the electrons loose kinetic energy during the amplification process, i.e., toward the TWT output. As a result, beam and BW may interact over a larger distance, thus lowering the threshold for the onset of BWOs. These would thus be drive-induced in contrast to the zero-drive BWOs mentioned above. The following investigates the occurrence of such drive-induced BWOs as a case study of several different TWT models and proposes a theory for the large-signal instability. 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| subjects | Backward waves Backward-wave oscillations (BWOs) Case studies Circuits Delay lines drive-induced oscillations Electron beams Electron tubes Gain helix traveling-wave tubes (TWTs) Heuristic methods Kinetic energy Narrowband Oscillations Oscillators Phase velocity Predictive models Signal processing Synchronism Traveling wave tubes |
| title | Drive-Induced Backward-Wave Oscillations in Helix Traveling-Wave Tubes-A Case Study |
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