Analysis of GRACE Follow-On Laser Ranging Interferometer Derived Inter-Satellite Pointing Angles
Gravity Recovery and Climate Experiment Follow-On (GRACE-FO) was launched on May 22, 2018. It carries the Laser Ranging Interferometer (LRI) as a technology demonstrator that measures the inter-satellite range with nanometer precision using a laser-link between satellites. To maintain the laser-link...
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| Veröffentlicht in: | IEEE sensors journal 2021-09, Vol.21 (17), p.19209-19221 |
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| creator | Goswami, Sujata Francis, Samuel P. Bandikova, Tamara Spero, Robert E. |
| description | Gravity Recovery and Climate Experiment Follow-On (GRACE-FO) was launched on May 22, 2018. It carries the Laser Ranging Interferometer (LRI) as a technology demonstrator that measures the inter-satellite range with nanometer precision using a laser-link between satellites. To maintain the laser-link between satellites, the LRI uses the beam steering method: a Fast Steering Mirror (FSM) is actuated to correct for misalignment between the incoming and outgoing laser beams. From the FSM commands, we can compute the inter-satellite pitch and yaw angles. These angles provide information about the spacecraft's relative orientation with respect to line-of-sight (LOS). We analyze LRI derived inter-satellite pointing angles for 2019 and 2020. Further, we present its comparison with the pointing angles derived from GRACE-FO SCA1B data, which represents the spacecraft attitude computed from star cameras and Inertial Measurement Unit (IMU) data using a Kalman filter. We discuss the correlations seen between the laser based attitude data and the spacecraft temperature variations. This analysis serves as the basis to explore the potential of this new attitude product obtained from the Differential Wavefront Sensing (DWS) control of a FSM. |
| doi_str_mv | 10.1109/JSEN.2021.3090790 |
| format | Article |
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It carries the Laser Ranging Interferometer (LRI) as a technology demonstrator that measures the inter-satellite range with nanometer precision using a laser-link between satellites. To maintain the laser-link between satellites, the LRI uses the beam steering method: a Fast Steering Mirror (FSM) is actuated to correct for misalignment between the incoming and outgoing laser beams. From the FSM commands, we can compute the inter-satellite pitch and yaw angles. These angles provide information about the spacecraft's relative orientation with respect to line-of-sight (LOS). We analyze LRI derived inter-satellite pointing angles for 2019 and 2020. Further, we present its comparison with the pointing angles derived from GRACE-FO SCA1B data, which represents the spacecraft attitude computed from star cameras and Inertial Measurement Unit (IMU) data using a Kalman filter. We discuss the correlations seen between the laser based attitude data and the spacecraft temperature variations. This analysis serves as the basis to explore the potential of this new attitude product obtained from the Differential Wavefront Sensing (DWS) control of a FSM.</description><identifier>ISSN: 1530-437X</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1558-1748</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1109/JSEN.2021.3090790</identifier><identifier>CODEN: ISJEAZ</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>New York: IEEE</publisher><subject>attitude analysis ; Beam steering ; Cameras ; Distance measurement ; Extraterrestrial measurements ; fast steering mirror (FSM) ; GRACE (experiment) ; GRACE Follow-On (GRACE-FO) ; inertial measurement unit (IMU) ; Inertial platforms ; inter-satellite pointing ; Interferometers ; Kalman filters ; Laser applications ; Laser beams ; Laser Ranging Interferometer (LRI) ; Lasers ; Line of sight ; Measurement by laser beam ; Mirrors ; Misalignment ; Pitch (inclination) ; Satellite laser ranging ; Satellites ; Space vehicles ; Spacecraft ; Spacecraft recovery ; Spacecraft temperature ; star cameras ; Technology demonstrator ; Wave fronts ; Yaw</subject><ispartof>IEEE sensors journal, 2021-09, Vol.21 (17), p.19209-19221</ispartof><rights>Copyright The Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc. (IEEE) 2021</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c293t-256543dec09d7bc1a57bf743a6872d5189bab8445ebcc9c0455d677fbb1a34a13</citedby><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c293t-256543dec09d7bc1a57bf743a6872d5189bab8445ebcc9c0455d677fbb1a34a13</cites><orcidid>0000-0001-6415-1244</orcidid></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><linktohtml>$$Uhttps://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/9461209$$EHTML$$P50$$Gieee$$H</linktohtml><link.rule.ids>314,780,784,796,27923,27924,54757</link.rule.ids><linktorsrc>$$Uhttps://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/9461209$$EView_record_in_IEEE$$FView_record_in_$$GIEEE</linktorsrc></links><search><creatorcontrib>Goswami, Sujata</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Francis, Samuel P.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Bandikova, Tamara</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Spero, Robert E.</creatorcontrib><title>Analysis of GRACE Follow-On Laser Ranging Interferometer Derived Inter-Satellite Pointing Angles</title><title>IEEE sensors journal</title><addtitle>JSEN</addtitle><description>Gravity Recovery and Climate Experiment Follow-On (GRACE-FO) was launched on May 22, 2018. It carries the Laser Ranging Interferometer (LRI) as a technology demonstrator that measures the inter-satellite range with nanometer precision using a laser-link between satellites. To maintain the laser-link between satellites, the LRI uses the beam steering method: a Fast Steering Mirror (FSM) is actuated to correct for misalignment between the incoming and outgoing laser beams. From the FSM commands, we can compute the inter-satellite pitch and yaw angles. These angles provide information about the spacecraft's relative orientation with respect to line-of-sight (LOS). We analyze LRI derived inter-satellite pointing angles for 2019 and 2020. Further, we present its comparison with the pointing angles derived from GRACE-FO SCA1B data, which represents the spacecraft attitude computed from star cameras and Inertial Measurement Unit (IMU) data using a Kalman filter. We discuss the correlations seen between the laser based attitude data and the spacecraft temperature variations. This analysis serves as the basis to explore the potential of this new attitude product obtained from the Differential Wavefront Sensing (DWS) control of a FSM.</description><subject>attitude analysis</subject><subject>Beam steering</subject><subject>Cameras</subject><subject>Distance measurement</subject><subject>Extraterrestrial measurements</subject><subject>fast steering mirror (FSM)</subject><subject>GRACE (experiment)</subject><subject>GRACE Follow-On (GRACE-FO)</subject><subject>inertial measurement unit (IMU)</subject><subject>Inertial platforms</subject><subject>inter-satellite pointing</subject><subject>Interferometers</subject><subject>Kalman filters</subject><subject>Laser applications</subject><subject>Laser beams</subject><subject>Laser Ranging Interferometer (LRI)</subject><subject>Lasers</subject><subject>Line of sight</subject><subject>Measurement by laser beam</subject><subject>Mirrors</subject><subject>Misalignment</subject><subject>Pitch (inclination)</subject><subject>Satellite laser ranging</subject><subject>Satellites</subject><subject>Space vehicles</subject><subject>Spacecraft</subject><subject>Spacecraft recovery</subject><subject>Spacecraft temperature</subject><subject>star cameras</subject><subject>Technology demonstrator</subject><subject>Wave fronts</subject><subject>Yaw</subject><issn>1530-437X</issn><issn>1558-1748</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2021</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><sourceid>RIE</sourceid><recordid>eNo9kNFKwzAUhoMoOKcPIN4EvO5MmqRpLsvc5mQ42RS8i2l7Ojq6ZibdZG9vS4dX5-fw_QfOh9A9JSNKiXp6XU_eRiEJ6YgRRaQiF2hAhYgDKnl82WVGAs7k1zW68X5LCFVSyAH6TmpTnXzpsS3wbJWMJ3hqq8r-BssaL4wHh1em3pT1Bs_rBlwBzu6gDfgZXHmEvF8Ha9NAVZUN4Hdb1k3HJ_WmAn-LrgpTebg7zyH6nE4-xi_BYjmbj5NFkIWKNUEoIsFZDhlRuUwzaoRMC8mZiWIZ5oLGKjVpzLmANMtURrgQeSRlkabUMG4oG6LH_u7e2Z8D-EZv7cG1z3nd3o5JpISKWor2VOas9w4KvXflzriTpkR3InUnUnci9Vlk23noOyUA_POKRzQkiv0BZrdu2w</recordid><startdate>20210901</startdate><enddate>20210901</enddate><creator>Goswami, Sujata</creator><creator>Francis, Samuel P.</creator><creator>Bandikova, Tamara</creator><creator>Spero, Robert E.</creator><general>IEEE</general><general>The Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc. (IEEE)</general><scope>97E</scope><scope>RIA</scope><scope>RIE</scope><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>7SP</scope><scope>7U5</scope><scope>8FD</scope><scope>L7M</scope><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6415-1244</orcidid></search><sort><creationdate>20210901</creationdate><title>Analysis of GRACE Follow-On Laser Ranging Interferometer Derived Inter-Satellite Pointing Angles</title><author>Goswami, Sujata ; Francis, Samuel P. ; Bandikova, Tamara ; Spero, Robert E.</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c293t-256543dec09d7bc1a57bf743a6872d5189bab8445ebcc9c0455d677fbb1a34a13</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2021</creationdate><topic>attitude analysis</topic><topic>Beam steering</topic><topic>Cameras</topic><topic>Distance measurement</topic><topic>Extraterrestrial measurements</topic><topic>fast steering mirror (FSM)</topic><topic>GRACE (experiment)</topic><topic>GRACE Follow-On (GRACE-FO)</topic><topic>inertial measurement unit (IMU)</topic><topic>Inertial platforms</topic><topic>inter-satellite pointing</topic><topic>Interferometers</topic><topic>Kalman filters</topic><topic>Laser applications</topic><topic>Laser beams</topic><topic>Laser Ranging Interferometer (LRI)</topic><topic>Lasers</topic><topic>Line of sight</topic><topic>Measurement by laser beam</topic><topic>Mirrors</topic><topic>Misalignment</topic><topic>Pitch (inclination)</topic><topic>Satellite laser ranging</topic><topic>Satellites</topic><topic>Space vehicles</topic><topic>Spacecraft</topic><topic>Spacecraft recovery</topic><topic>Spacecraft temperature</topic><topic>star cameras</topic><topic>Technology demonstrator</topic><topic>Wave fronts</topic><topic>Yaw</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Goswami, Sujata</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Francis, Samuel P.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Bandikova, Tamara</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Spero, Robert E.</creatorcontrib><collection>IEEE All-Society Periodicals Package (ASPP) 2005-present</collection><collection>IEEE All-Society Periodicals Package (ASPP) 1998-Present</collection><collection>IEEE Electronic Library (IEL)</collection><collection>CrossRef</collection><collection>Electronics & Communications Abstracts</collection><collection>Solid State and Superconductivity Abstracts</collection><collection>Technology Research Database</collection><collection>Advanced Technologies Database with Aerospace</collection><jtitle>IEEE sensors journal</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext_linktorsrc</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Goswami, Sujata</au><au>Francis, Samuel P.</au><au>Bandikova, Tamara</au><au>Spero, Robert E.</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Analysis of GRACE Follow-On Laser Ranging Interferometer Derived Inter-Satellite Pointing Angles</atitle><jtitle>IEEE sensors journal</jtitle><stitle>JSEN</stitle><date>2021-09-01</date><risdate>2021</risdate><volume>21</volume><issue>17</issue><spage>19209</spage><epage>19221</epage><pages>19209-19221</pages><issn>1530-437X</issn><eissn>1558-1748</eissn><coden>ISJEAZ</coden><abstract>Gravity Recovery and Climate Experiment Follow-On (GRACE-FO) was launched on May 22, 2018. It carries the Laser Ranging Interferometer (LRI) as a technology demonstrator that measures the inter-satellite range with nanometer precision using a laser-link between satellites. To maintain the laser-link between satellites, the LRI uses the beam steering method: a Fast Steering Mirror (FSM) is actuated to correct for misalignment between the incoming and outgoing laser beams. From the FSM commands, we can compute the inter-satellite pitch and yaw angles. These angles provide information about the spacecraft's relative orientation with respect to line-of-sight (LOS). We analyze LRI derived inter-satellite pointing angles for 2019 and 2020. Further, we present its comparison with the pointing angles derived from GRACE-FO SCA1B data, which represents the spacecraft attitude computed from star cameras and Inertial Measurement Unit (IMU) data using a Kalman filter. We discuss the correlations seen between the laser based attitude data and the spacecraft temperature variations. This analysis serves as the basis to explore the potential of this new attitude product obtained from the Differential Wavefront Sensing (DWS) control of a FSM.</abstract><cop>New York</cop><pub>IEEE</pub><doi>10.1109/JSEN.2021.3090790</doi><tpages>13</tpages><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6415-1244</orcidid></addata></record> |
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| subjects | attitude analysis Beam steering Cameras Distance measurement Extraterrestrial measurements fast steering mirror (FSM) GRACE (experiment) GRACE Follow-On (GRACE-FO) inertial measurement unit (IMU) Inertial platforms inter-satellite pointing Interferometers Kalman filters Laser applications Laser beams Laser Ranging Interferometer (LRI) Lasers Line of sight Measurement by laser beam Mirrors Misalignment Pitch (inclination) Satellite laser ranging Satellites Space vehicles Spacecraft Spacecraft recovery Spacecraft temperature star cameras Technology demonstrator Wave fronts Yaw |
| title | Analysis of GRACE Follow-On Laser Ranging Interferometer Derived Inter-Satellite Pointing Angles |
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