Geometrical Study of Millimeter-Wave Communication Area Covered by an Antenna Array
Because of the severe attenuation property, the communication area size of the millimeter-wave (mmWave) band is much smaller than that of the sub-6 GHz band, and the mmWave antennas must be placed at higher density, which means that a strong cost constraint is imposed on the system design. This pape...
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| Veröffentlicht in: | IEEE access 2021, Vol.9, p.21904-21909 |
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| creator | Iye, Tetsuya Tsuda, Kensuke Tanibayashi, Akihiro Fujii, Yoshimi |
| description | Because of the severe attenuation property, the communication area size of the millimeter-wave (mmWave) band is much smaller than that of the sub-6 GHz band, and the mmWave antennas must be placed at higher density, which means that a strong cost constraint is imposed on the system design. This paper aims to provide guidelines for the development of mmWave 28 GHz antenna devices by geometrically clarifying, via a numerical simulation, the number of antenna elements, the power supply, and the antenna installation conditions required for a 1000 m 2 coverage of the "nano-area". The simulation results, assuming a simple line-of-sight situation with no blockages or reflectors, show that the coverage area over 1000 m 2 requires at least a power supply P_{0}=1, 3, 4 and 8 dBm for 8\times 8 -, 8\times 4 -, 8\times 2 -, and 8\times 1 -element antenna arrays, respectively, for an antenna height H=1.5 and 4.5 m and a received power sensitivity of -70 dBm. We conclude that these parameter results of the number of elements, the power supply, and the antenna height for "nano-area" coverage are important for the system design of mmWave antenna placement. |
| doi_str_mv | 10.1109/ACCESS.2021.3054983 |
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This paper aims to provide guidelines for the development of mmWave 28 GHz antenna devices by geometrically clarifying, via a numerical simulation, the number of antenna elements, the power supply, and the antenna installation conditions required for a 1000 m 2 coverage of the "nano-area". The simulation results, assuming a simple line-of-sight situation with no blockages or reflectors, show that the coverage area over 1000 m 2 requires at least a power supply <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">P_{0}=1, 3, 4 </tex-math></inline-formula> and 8 dBm for <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">8\times 8 </tex-math></inline-formula>-, <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">8\times 4 </tex-math></inline-formula>-, <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">8\times 2 </tex-math></inline-formula>-, and <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">8\times 1 </tex-math></inline-formula>-element antenna arrays, respectively, for an antenna height <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">H=1.5 </tex-math></inline-formula> and 4.5 m and a received power sensitivity of -70 dBm. We conclude that these parameter results of the number of elements, the power supply, and the antenna height for "nano-area" coverage are important for the system design of mmWave antenna placement.]]></description><identifier>ISSN: 2169-3536</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 2169-3536</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1109/ACCESS.2021.3054983</identifier><identifier>CODEN: IAECCG</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>Piscataway: IEEE</publisher><subject>5G mobile communication ; Antenna arrays ; Antenna design ; Antenna measurements ; Antenna radiation patterns ; Antennas ; beamforming ; coverage ; Millimeter waves ; millimeter-wave propagation ; Parameter sensitivity ; Power supplies ; Power supply ; Receiving antennas ; Reflectors ; Systems design ; Three-dimensional displays ; Wave attenuation</subject><ispartof>IEEE access, 2021, Vol.9, p.21904-21909</ispartof><rights>Copyright The Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc. (IEEE) 2021</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><oa>free_for_read</oa><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c358t-9b0e230274a694c9a48297c5cd6cfd48d5d59118e124a0e04773c6b65b239163</cites><orcidid>0000-0001-9816-9936 ; 0000-0001-8541-3207 ; 0000-0001-6972-0944</orcidid></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><linktohtml>$$Uhttps://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/9336639$$EHTML$$P50$$Gieee$$Hfree_for_read</linktohtml><link.rule.ids>314,780,784,864,2102,4024,27633,27923,27924,27925,54933</link.rule.ids></links><search><creatorcontrib>Iye, Tetsuya</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Tsuda, Kensuke</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Tanibayashi, Akihiro</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Fujii, Yoshimi</creatorcontrib><title>Geometrical Study of Millimeter-Wave Communication Area Covered by an Antenna Array</title><title>IEEE access</title><addtitle>Access</addtitle><description><![CDATA[Because of the severe attenuation property, the communication area size of the millimeter-wave (mmWave) band is much smaller than that of the sub-6 GHz band, and the mmWave antennas must be placed at higher density, which means that a strong cost constraint is imposed on the system design. This paper aims to provide guidelines for the development of mmWave 28 GHz antenna devices by geometrically clarifying, via a numerical simulation, the number of antenna elements, the power supply, and the antenna installation conditions required for a 1000 m 2 coverage of the "nano-area". The simulation results, assuming a simple line-of-sight situation with no blockages or reflectors, show that the coverage area over 1000 m 2 requires at least a power supply <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">P_{0}=1, 3, 4 </tex-math></inline-formula> and 8 dBm for <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">8\times 8 </tex-math></inline-formula>-, <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">8\times 4 </tex-math></inline-formula>-, <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">8\times 2 </tex-math></inline-formula>-, and <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">8\times 1 </tex-math></inline-formula>-element antenna arrays, respectively, for an antenna height <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">H=1.5 </tex-math></inline-formula> and 4.5 m and a received power sensitivity of -70 dBm. We conclude that these parameter results of the number of elements, the power supply, and the antenna height for "nano-area" coverage are important for the system design of mmWave antenna placement.]]></description><subject>5G mobile communication</subject><subject>Antenna arrays</subject><subject>Antenna design</subject><subject>Antenna measurements</subject><subject>Antenna radiation patterns</subject><subject>Antennas</subject><subject>beamforming</subject><subject>coverage</subject><subject>Millimeter waves</subject><subject>millimeter-wave propagation</subject><subject>Parameter sensitivity</subject><subject>Power supplies</subject><subject>Power supply</subject><subject>Receiving antennas</subject><subject>Reflectors</subject><subject>Systems design</subject><subject>Three-dimensional displays</subject><subject>Wave attenuation</subject><issn>2169-3536</issn><issn>2169-3536</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2021</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><sourceid>ESBDL</sourceid><sourceid>RIE</sourceid><sourceid>DOA</sourceid><recordid>eNpNkV9rwjAUxcvYYLL5CXwp7Lku_5s8SnFOcOyhwh5DmtyOSm1cWgW__eIqsrwk_HLOuRdOkswwmmOM1OuiKJZlOSeI4DlFnClJ75IJwUJllFNx_-_9mEz7fofikRHxfJKUK_B7GEJjTZuWw9GdU1-nH03bNhFDyL7MCdLC7_fHLmqGxnfpIoCJ6AQBXFqdUxNRN0DXmfgVzPk5eahN28P0ej8l27fltnjPNp-rdbHYZJZyOWSqQkAoIjkzQjGrDJNE5ZZbJ2ztmHTccYWxBEyYQYBYnlMrKsErQhUW9ClZj7HOm50-hGZvwll70-g_4MO3NmFobAu6ziuVE0MUx8BqpirinMAUU44RV-KS9TJmHYL_OUI_6J0_hi5urwmTOaOSSBJVdFTZ4Ps-QH2bipG-dKHHLvSlC33tIrpmo6sBgJtDURrnKvoLA-CCrA</recordid><startdate>2021</startdate><enddate>2021</enddate><creator>Iye, Tetsuya</creator><creator>Tsuda, Kensuke</creator><creator>Tanibayashi, Akihiro</creator><creator>Fujii, Yoshimi</creator><general>IEEE</general><general>The Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc. (IEEE)</general><scope>97E</scope><scope>ESBDL</scope><scope>RIA</scope><scope>RIE</scope><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>7SC</scope><scope>7SP</scope><scope>7SR</scope><scope>8BQ</scope><scope>8FD</scope><scope>JG9</scope><scope>JQ2</scope><scope>L7M</scope><scope>L~C</scope><scope>L~D</scope><scope>DOA</scope><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9816-9936</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8541-3207</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6972-0944</orcidid></search><sort><creationdate>2021</creationdate><title>Geometrical Study of Millimeter-Wave Communication Area Covered by an Antenna Array</title><author>Iye, Tetsuya ; Tsuda, Kensuke ; Tanibayashi, Akihiro ; Fujii, Yoshimi</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c358t-9b0e230274a694c9a48297c5cd6cfd48d5d59118e124a0e04773c6b65b239163</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2021</creationdate><topic>5G mobile communication</topic><topic>Antenna arrays</topic><topic>Antenna design</topic><topic>Antenna measurements</topic><topic>Antenna radiation patterns</topic><topic>Antennas</topic><topic>beamforming</topic><topic>coverage</topic><topic>Millimeter waves</topic><topic>millimeter-wave propagation</topic><topic>Parameter sensitivity</topic><topic>Power supplies</topic><topic>Power supply</topic><topic>Receiving antennas</topic><topic>Reflectors</topic><topic>Systems design</topic><topic>Three-dimensional displays</topic><topic>Wave attenuation</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Iye, Tetsuya</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Tsuda, Kensuke</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Tanibayashi, Akihiro</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Fujii, Yoshimi</creatorcontrib><collection>IEEE All-Society Periodicals Package (ASPP) 2005-present</collection><collection>IEEE Open Access Journals</collection><collection>IEEE All-Society Periodicals Package (ASPP) 1998-Present</collection><collection>IEEE Electronic Library (IEL)</collection><collection>CrossRef</collection><collection>Computer and Information Systems Abstracts</collection><collection>Electronics & Communications Abstracts</collection><collection>Engineered Materials Abstracts</collection><collection>METADEX</collection><collection>Technology Research Database</collection><collection>Materials Research Database</collection><collection>ProQuest Computer Science Collection</collection><collection>Advanced Technologies Database with Aerospace</collection><collection>Computer and Information Systems Abstracts Academic</collection><collection>Computer and Information Systems Abstracts Professional</collection><collection>DOAJ Directory of Open Access Journals</collection><jtitle>IEEE access</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Iye, Tetsuya</au><au>Tsuda, Kensuke</au><au>Tanibayashi, Akihiro</au><au>Fujii, Yoshimi</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Geometrical Study of Millimeter-Wave Communication Area Covered by an Antenna Array</atitle><jtitle>IEEE access</jtitle><stitle>Access</stitle><date>2021</date><risdate>2021</risdate><volume>9</volume><spage>21904</spage><epage>21909</epage><pages>21904-21909</pages><issn>2169-3536</issn><eissn>2169-3536</eissn><coden>IAECCG</coden><abstract><![CDATA[Because of the severe attenuation property, the communication area size of the millimeter-wave (mmWave) band is much smaller than that of the sub-6 GHz band, and the mmWave antennas must be placed at higher density, which means that a strong cost constraint is imposed on the system design. This paper aims to provide guidelines for the development of mmWave 28 GHz antenna devices by geometrically clarifying, via a numerical simulation, the number of antenna elements, the power supply, and the antenna installation conditions required for a 1000 m 2 coverage of the "nano-area". The simulation results, assuming a simple line-of-sight situation with no blockages or reflectors, show that the coverage area over 1000 m 2 requires at least a power supply <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">P_{0}=1, 3, 4 </tex-math></inline-formula> and 8 dBm for <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">8\times 8 </tex-math></inline-formula>-, <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">8\times 4 </tex-math></inline-formula>-, <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">8\times 2 </tex-math></inline-formula>-, and <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">8\times 1 </tex-math></inline-formula>-element antenna arrays, respectively, for an antenna height <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">H=1.5 </tex-math></inline-formula> and 4.5 m and a received power sensitivity of -70 dBm. We conclude that these parameter results of the number of elements, the power supply, and the antenna height for "nano-area" coverage are important for the system design of mmWave antenna placement.]]></abstract><cop>Piscataway</cop><pub>IEEE</pub><doi>10.1109/ACCESS.2021.3054983</doi><tpages>6</tpages><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9816-9936</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8541-3207</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6972-0944</orcidid><oa>free_for_read</oa></addata></record> |
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| subjects | 5G mobile communication Antenna arrays Antenna design Antenna measurements Antenna radiation patterns Antennas beamforming coverage Millimeter waves millimeter-wave propagation Parameter sensitivity Power supplies Power supply Receiving antennas Reflectors Systems design Three-dimensional displays Wave attenuation |
| title | Geometrical Study of Millimeter-Wave Communication Area Covered by an Antenna Array |
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