A Dynamic Model of Small Modular Reactor Based Nuclear Plant for Power System Studies
Small modular reactors (SMRs), an emerging nuclear power plant technology, are suitable for large grids as well as remote load centers and offer load following and frequency response capabilities. While the SMRs have expectedly higher response rates, detailed dynamic models including reactor dynamic...
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| Veröffentlicht in: | IEEE transactions on energy conversion 2020-06, Vol.35 (2), p.977-985 |
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| creator | Poudel, Bikash Joshi, Kalpesh Gokaraju, Ramakrishna |
| description | Small modular reactors (SMRs), an emerging nuclear power plant technology, are suitable for large grids as well as remote load centers and offer load following and frequency response capabilities. While the SMRs have expectedly higher response rates, detailed dynamic models including reactor dynamics are necessary for power system dynamic studies. This paper presents a dynamic model of an integral pressurized water reactor (iPWR)-type SMR, modeled in Siemens PTI PSS/E, to assess the contribution of the reactor to the power system dynamics. The proposed SMR model mimics the heat generation process and subsequent heat transfer process with the inclusion of the reactor core based on point kinetics, primary coolant based on natural circulation, and a simplified three lump representation of the steam generator. Controllers are designed to operate the turbine valve and reactor control rod in closed loops. The SMR model is integrated with the modified turbine-governor system and a power system study is conducted. Results show the power system and internal reactor responses when subjected to electrical demand variations of 20{\%} rated electrical output (REO) with a valve rate limit of \pm \text{80}{\%} REO/min. |
| doi_str_mv | 10.1109/TEC.2019.2956707 |
| format | Article |
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While the SMRs have expectedly higher response rates, detailed dynamic models including reactor dynamics are necessary for power system dynamic studies. This paper presents a dynamic model of an integral pressurized water reactor (iPWR)-type SMR, modeled in Siemens PTI PSS/E, to assess the contribution of the reactor to the power system dynamics. The proposed SMR model mimics the heat generation process and subsequent heat transfer process with the inclusion of the reactor core based on point kinetics, primary coolant based on natural circulation, and a simplified three lump representation of the steam generator. Controllers are designed to operate the turbine valve and reactor control rod in closed loops. The SMR model is integrated with the modified turbine-governor system and a power system study is conducted. Results show the power system and internal reactor responses when subjected to electrical demand variations of 20<inline-formula><tex-math notation="LaTeX">{\%}</tex-math></inline-formula> rated electrical output (REO) with a valve rate limit of <inline-formula><tex-math notation="LaTeX">\pm \text{80}{\%}</tex-math></inline-formula> REO/min.]]></description><identifier>ISSN: 0885-8969</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1558-0059</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1109/TEC.2019.2956707</identifier><identifier>CODEN: ITCNE4</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>New York: IEEE</publisher><subject>Boilers ; Closed loops ; Control rods ; Coolants ; Dynamic modeling ; Dynamic models ; Electric power systems ; Frequency response ; Fuels ; Governor response ; Heat generation ; Inductors ; Integral pressurized water reactor (iPWR) ; Legged locomotion ; Metals ; Modular systems ; Nuclear electric power generation ; Nuclear power plant (NPP) ; Nuclear power plants ; Nuclear reactors ; Power system dynamic studies ; Power system dynamics ; Pressurized water reactors ; Reaction kinetics ; Reactor dynamics ; Small modular reactor (SMR) ; System dynamics ; Turbines</subject><ispartof>IEEE transactions on energy conversion, 2020-06, Vol.35 (2), p.977-985</ispartof><rights>Copyright The Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc. (IEEE) 2020</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c291t-d01d1b044de48d0f3f7518954738871d2bbee1720efb2b09583fc78f69e5c9f23</citedby><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c291t-d01d1b044de48d0f3f7518954738871d2bbee1720efb2b09583fc78f69e5c9f23</cites><orcidid>0000-0002-7222-434 ; 0000-0002-1331-7002 ; 0000-0001-8840-6491</orcidid></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><linktohtml>$$Uhttps://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/8918065$$EHTML$$P50$$Gieee$$H</linktohtml><link.rule.ids>314,776,780,792,27901,27902,54733</link.rule.ids><linktorsrc>$$Uhttps://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/8918065$$EView_record_in_IEEE$$FView_record_in_$$GIEEE</linktorsrc></links><search><creatorcontrib>Poudel, Bikash</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Joshi, Kalpesh</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Gokaraju, Ramakrishna</creatorcontrib><title>A Dynamic Model of Small Modular Reactor Based Nuclear Plant for Power System Studies</title><title>IEEE transactions on energy conversion</title><addtitle>TEC</addtitle><description><![CDATA[Small modular reactors (SMRs), an emerging nuclear power plant technology, are suitable for large grids as well as remote load centers and offer load following and frequency response capabilities. While the SMRs have expectedly higher response rates, detailed dynamic models including reactor dynamics are necessary for power system dynamic studies. This paper presents a dynamic model of an integral pressurized water reactor (iPWR)-type SMR, modeled in Siemens PTI PSS/E, to assess the contribution of the reactor to the power system dynamics. The proposed SMR model mimics the heat generation process and subsequent heat transfer process with the inclusion of the reactor core based on point kinetics, primary coolant based on natural circulation, and a simplified three lump representation of the steam generator. Controllers are designed to operate the turbine valve and reactor control rod in closed loops. The SMR model is integrated with the modified turbine-governor system and a power system study is conducted. Results show the power system and internal reactor responses when subjected to electrical demand variations of 20<inline-formula><tex-math notation="LaTeX">{\%}</tex-math></inline-formula> rated electrical output (REO) with a valve rate limit of <inline-formula><tex-math notation="LaTeX">\pm \text{80}{\%}</tex-math></inline-formula> REO/min.]]></description><subject>Boilers</subject><subject>Closed loops</subject><subject>Control rods</subject><subject>Coolants</subject><subject>Dynamic modeling</subject><subject>Dynamic models</subject><subject>Electric power systems</subject><subject>Frequency response</subject><subject>Fuels</subject><subject>Governor response</subject><subject>Heat generation</subject><subject>Inductors</subject><subject>Integral pressurized water reactor (iPWR)</subject><subject>Legged locomotion</subject><subject>Metals</subject><subject>Modular systems</subject><subject>Nuclear electric power generation</subject><subject>Nuclear power plant (NPP)</subject><subject>Nuclear power plants</subject><subject>Nuclear reactors</subject><subject>Power system dynamic studies</subject><subject>Power system dynamics</subject><subject>Pressurized water reactors</subject><subject>Reaction kinetics</subject><subject>Reactor dynamics</subject><subject>Small modular reactor (SMR)</subject><subject>System dynamics</subject><subject>Turbines</subject><issn>0885-8969</issn><issn>1558-0059</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2020</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><sourceid>RIE</sourceid><recordid>eNo9kE1Lw0AQhhdRsFbvgpcFz6kzm2x291hr_YCqxbbnsElmISVp6m6C9N-bUvE0zMvzzsDD2C3CBBHMw3o-mwhAMxFGpgrUGRuhlDoCkOacjUBrGWmTmkt2FcIWABMpcMQ2U_502NmmKvh7W1LNW8dXja3r49rX1vMvskXXev5oA5X8oy9qGtJlbXcdd0O-bH_I89UhdNTwVdeXFYVrduFsHejmb47Z5nm-nr1Gi8-Xt9l0ERXCYBeVgCXmkCQlJboEFzslURuZqFhrhaXIcyJUAsjlIgcjdewKpV1qSBbGiXjM7k9397797il02bbt_W54mYkEpIrRaBwoOFGFb0Pw5LK9rxrrDxlCdpSXDfKyo7zsT95QuTtVKiL6x7VBDamMfwFJW2ld</recordid><startdate>202006</startdate><enddate>202006</enddate><creator>Poudel, Bikash</creator><creator>Joshi, Kalpesh</creator><creator>Gokaraju, Ramakrishna</creator><general>IEEE</general><general>The Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc. (IEEE)</general><scope>97E</scope><scope>RIA</scope><scope>RIE</scope><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>7SP</scope><scope>7TB</scope><scope>8FD</scope><scope>FR3</scope><scope>KR7</scope><scope>L7M</scope><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7222-434</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1331-7002</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8840-6491</orcidid></search><sort><creationdate>202006</creationdate><title>A Dynamic Model of Small Modular Reactor Based Nuclear Plant for Power System Studies</title><author>Poudel, Bikash ; Joshi, Kalpesh ; Gokaraju, Ramakrishna</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c291t-d01d1b044de48d0f3f7518954738871d2bbee1720efb2b09583fc78f69e5c9f23</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2020</creationdate><topic>Boilers</topic><topic>Closed loops</topic><topic>Control rods</topic><topic>Coolants</topic><topic>Dynamic modeling</topic><topic>Dynamic models</topic><topic>Electric power systems</topic><topic>Frequency response</topic><topic>Fuels</topic><topic>Governor response</topic><topic>Heat generation</topic><topic>Inductors</topic><topic>Integral pressurized water reactor (iPWR)</topic><topic>Legged locomotion</topic><topic>Metals</topic><topic>Modular systems</topic><topic>Nuclear electric power generation</topic><topic>Nuclear power plant (NPP)</topic><topic>Nuclear power plants</topic><topic>Nuclear reactors</topic><topic>Power system dynamic studies</topic><topic>Power system dynamics</topic><topic>Pressurized water reactors</topic><topic>Reaction kinetics</topic><topic>Reactor dynamics</topic><topic>Small modular reactor (SMR)</topic><topic>System dynamics</topic><topic>Turbines</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Poudel, Bikash</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Joshi, Kalpesh</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Gokaraju, Ramakrishna</creatorcontrib><collection>IEEE All-Society Periodicals Package (ASPP) 2005-present</collection><collection>IEEE All-Society Periodicals Package (ASPP) 1998-Present</collection><collection>IEEE Electronic Library (IEL)</collection><collection>CrossRef</collection><collection>Electronics & Communications Abstracts</collection><collection>Mechanical & Transportation Engineering Abstracts</collection><collection>Technology Research Database</collection><collection>Engineering Research Database</collection><collection>Civil Engineering Abstracts</collection><collection>Advanced Technologies Database with Aerospace</collection><jtitle>IEEE transactions on energy conversion</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext_linktorsrc</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Poudel, Bikash</au><au>Joshi, Kalpesh</au><au>Gokaraju, Ramakrishna</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>A Dynamic Model of Small Modular Reactor Based Nuclear Plant for Power System Studies</atitle><jtitle>IEEE transactions on energy conversion</jtitle><stitle>TEC</stitle><date>2020-06</date><risdate>2020</risdate><volume>35</volume><issue>2</issue><spage>977</spage><epage>985</epage><pages>977-985</pages><issn>0885-8969</issn><eissn>1558-0059</eissn><coden>ITCNE4</coden><abstract><![CDATA[Small modular reactors (SMRs), an emerging nuclear power plant technology, are suitable for large grids as well as remote load centers and offer load following and frequency response capabilities. While the SMRs have expectedly higher response rates, detailed dynamic models including reactor dynamics are necessary for power system dynamic studies. This paper presents a dynamic model of an integral pressurized water reactor (iPWR)-type SMR, modeled in Siemens PTI PSS/E, to assess the contribution of the reactor to the power system dynamics. The proposed SMR model mimics the heat generation process and subsequent heat transfer process with the inclusion of the reactor core based on point kinetics, primary coolant based on natural circulation, and a simplified three lump representation of the steam generator. Controllers are designed to operate the turbine valve and reactor control rod in closed loops. The SMR model is integrated with the modified turbine-governor system and a power system study is conducted. Results show the power system and internal reactor responses when subjected to electrical demand variations of 20<inline-formula><tex-math notation="LaTeX">{\%}</tex-math></inline-formula> rated electrical output (REO) with a valve rate limit of <inline-formula><tex-math notation="LaTeX">\pm \text{80}{\%}</tex-math></inline-formula> REO/min.]]></abstract><cop>New York</cop><pub>IEEE</pub><doi>10.1109/TEC.2019.2956707</doi><tpages>9</tpages><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7222-434</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1331-7002</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8840-6491</orcidid></addata></record> |
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| subjects | Boilers Closed loops Control rods Coolants Dynamic modeling Dynamic models Electric power systems Frequency response Fuels Governor response Heat generation Inductors Integral pressurized water reactor (iPWR) Legged locomotion Metals Modular systems Nuclear electric power generation Nuclear power plant (NPP) Nuclear power plants Nuclear reactors Power system dynamic studies Power system dynamics Pressurized water reactors Reaction kinetics Reactor dynamics Small modular reactor (SMR) System dynamics Turbines |
| title | A Dynamic Model of Small Modular Reactor Based Nuclear Plant for Power System Studies |
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