Radio Frequency Magnet-Free Circulators Based on Spatiotemporal Modulation of Surface Acoustic Wave Filters
In this article, a new generation of magnet-free circulators with high performance is proposed. Circulators are crucial devices in modern communication systems due to their ability to enable full-duplexing and double the spectral efficiency directly in the physical layer of the radio-frequency (RF)...
Gespeichert in:
| Veröffentlicht in: | IEEE transactions on microwave theory and techniques 2019-12, Vol.67 (12), p.4773-4782 |
|---|---|
| Hauptverfasser: | , , , , , , , , |
| Format: | Artikel |
| Sprache: | eng |
| Schlagworte: | |
| Online-Zugang: | Volltext bestellen |
| Tags: |
Tag hinzufügen
Keine Tags, Fügen Sie den ersten Tag hinzu!
|
| container_end_page | 4782 |
|---|---|
| container_issue | 12 |
| container_start_page | 4773 |
| container_title | IEEE transactions on microwave theory and techniques |
| container_volume | 67 |
| creator | Yu, Yao Michetti, Giuseppe Pirro, Michele Kord, Ahmed Sounas, Dimitrios L. Xiao, Zhicheng Cassella, Cristian Alu, Andrea Rinaldi, Matteo |
| description | In this article, a new generation of magnet-free circulators with high performance is proposed. Circulators are crucial devices in modern communication systems due to their ability to enable full-duplexing and double the spectral efficiency directly in the physical layer of the radio-frequency (RF) front end. Traditionally, the Lorentz reciprocity is broken by applying the magnetic bias to ferrite materials; therefore, conventional circulators are bulky and expensive. In this article, this problem is addressed by replacing the magnetic bias with periodic spatiotemporal modulation. Compared to previous works, the proposed circulator is constructed using surface acoustic wave (SAW) filters instead of transmission lines (TLs), which reduces the modulation frequency by at least a factor of 20 and ensures ultralow power consumption and high linearity. The miniaturized high quality (Q) factor SAW filters also lead to a low-loss nonreciprocal band with strong isolation (IX) and broad bandwidth (BW) on a chip scale, therefore addressing such limitations in previous magnet-free demonstrations. Furthermore, compared to the conventional differential circuit configuration, a novel quad configuration is developed, which doubles the intermodulation-free BW. |
| doi_str_mv | 10.1109/TMTT.2019.2943291 |
| format | Article |
| fullrecord | <record><control><sourceid>proquest_RIE</sourceid><recordid>TN_cdi_ieee_primary_8863139</recordid><sourceformat>XML</sourceformat><sourcesystem>PC</sourcesystem><ieee_id>8863139</ieee_id><sourcerecordid>2333538314</sourcerecordid><originalsourceid>FETCH-LOGICAL-c341t-e7ab812e30f3172a5bc970e21e10548a248f89cba37813eaa03ff29c42f479183</originalsourceid><addsrcrecordid>eNo9kFFLwzAQgIMoOKc_QHwJ-NyZS9I1eZzDqbAhuIqPJcsu0tk1NWmF_XtbNnw67u67O-4j5BbYBIDph3yV5xPOQE-4loJrOCMjSNMs0dOMnZMRY6ASLRW7JFcx7vpUpkyNyPe72ZaeLgL-dFjbA12ZrxrbpC8gnZfBdpVpfYj00UTcUl_TdWPa0re4b3wwFV357YCUfcc7uu6CMxbpzPoutqWln-YX6aKsWgzxmlw4U0W8OcUx-Vg85fOXZPn2_DqfLRMrJLQJZmajgKNgTkDGTbqxOmPIAYGlUhkulVPabozIFAg0hgnnuLaSO5lpUGJM7o97m-D7r2Jb7HwX6v5kwYUQqVACZE_BkbLBxxjQFU0o9yYcCmDF4LQYnBaD0-LktJ-5O86UiPjPKzUVILT4A7a_cyM</addsrcrecordid><sourcetype>Aggregation Database</sourcetype><iscdi>true</iscdi><recordtype>article</recordtype><pqid>2333538314</pqid></control><display><type>article</type><title>Radio Frequency Magnet-Free Circulators Based on Spatiotemporal Modulation of Surface Acoustic Wave Filters</title><source>IEEE Electronic Library (IEL)</source><creator>Yu, Yao ; Michetti, Giuseppe ; Pirro, Michele ; Kord, Ahmed ; Sounas, Dimitrios L. ; Xiao, Zhicheng ; Cassella, Cristian ; Alu, Andrea ; Rinaldi, Matteo</creator><creatorcontrib>Yu, Yao ; Michetti, Giuseppe ; Pirro, Michele ; Kord, Ahmed ; Sounas, Dimitrios L. ; Xiao, Zhicheng ; Cassella, Cristian ; Alu, Andrea ; Rinaldi, Matteo</creatorcontrib><description>In this article, a new generation of magnet-free circulators with high performance is proposed. Circulators are crucial devices in modern communication systems due to their ability to enable full-duplexing and double the spectral efficiency directly in the physical layer of the radio-frequency (RF) front end. Traditionally, the Lorentz reciprocity is broken by applying the magnetic bias to ferrite materials; therefore, conventional circulators are bulky and expensive. In this article, this problem is addressed by replacing the magnetic bias with periodic spatiotemporal modulation. Compared to previous works, the proposed circulator is constructed using surface acoustic wave (SAW) filters instead of transmission lines (TLs), which reduces the modulation frequency by at least a factor of 20 and ensures ultralow power consumption and high linearity. The miniaturized high quality (Q) factor SAW filters also lead to a low-loss nonreciprocal band with strong isolation (IX) and broad bandwidth (BW) on a chip scale, therefore addressing such limitations in previous magnet-free demonstrations. Furthermore, compared to the conventional differential circuit configuration, a novel quad configuration is developed, which doubles the intermodulation-free BW.</description><identifier>ISSN: 0018-9480</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1557-9670</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1109/TMTT.2019.2943291</identifier><identifier>CODEN: IETMAB</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>New York: IEEE</publisher><subject>Bandwidths ; Bias ; Circuits ; Circulators ; Communications systems ; Configurations ; Electromagnetic wave filters ; Electronic devices ; Frequency modulation ; Intermodulation ; Linearity ; magnet free ; Modulation ; nonreciprocity ; Power consumption ; Radio frequency ; Reciprocity ; Resonators ; surface acoustic wave (SAW) ; Surface acoustic waves ; Transmission lines</subject><ispartof>IEEE transactions on microwave theory and techniques, 2019-12, Vol.67 (12), p.4773-4782</ispartof><rights>Copyright The Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc. (IEEE) 2019</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c341t-e7ab812e30f3172a5bc970e21e10548a248f89cba37813eaa03ff29c42f479183</citedby><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c341t-e7ab812e30f3172a5bc970e21e10548a248f89cba37813eaa03ff29c42f479183</cites><orcidid>0000-0001-5108-2999 ; 0000-0002-9027-3058 ; 0000-0002-8876-3779 ; 0000-0003-0065-0890 ; 0000-0003-0858-0786 ; 0000-0002-3468-0214 ; 0000-0001-5968-7490 ; 0000-0002-4297-5274</orcidid></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><linktohtml>$$Uhttps://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/8863139$$EHTML$$P50$$Gieee$$H</linktohtml><link.rule.ids>314,776,780,792,27903,27904,54736</link.rule.ids><linktorsrc>$$Uhttps://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/8863139$$EView_record_in_IEEE$$FView_record_in_$$GIEEE</linktorsrc></links><search><creatorcontrib>Yu, Yao</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Michetti, Giuseppe</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Pirro, Michele</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Kord, Ahmed</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Sounas, Dimitrios L.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Xiao, Zhicheng</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Cassella, Cristian</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Alu, Andrea</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Rinaldi, Matteo</creatorcontrib><title>Radio Frequency Magnet-Free Circulators Based on Spatiotemporal Modulation of Surface Acoustic Wave Filters</title><title>IEEE transactions on microwave theory and techniques</title><addtitle>TMTT</addtitle><description>In this article, a new generation of magnet-free circulators with high performance is proposed. Circulators are crucial devices in modern communication systems due to their ability to enable full-duplexing and double the spectral efficiency directly in the physical layer of the radio-frequency (RF) front end. Traditionally, the Lorentz reciprocity is broken by applying the magnetic bias to ferrite materials; therefore, conventional circulators are bulky and expensive. In this article, this problem is addressed by replacing the magnetic bias with periodic spatiotemporal modulation. Compared to previous works, the proposed circulator is constructed using surface acoustic wave (SAW) filters instead of transmission lines (TLs), which reduces the modulation frequency by at least a factor of 20 and ensures ultralow power consumption and high linearity. The miniaturized high quality (Q) factor SAW filters also lead to a low-loss nonreciprocal band with strong isolation (IX) and broad bandwidth (BW) on a chip scale, therefore addressing such limitations in previous magnet-free demonstrations. Furthermore, compared to the conventional differential circuit configuration, a novel quad configuration is developed, which doubles the intermodulation-free BW.</description><subject>Bandwidths</subject><subject>Bias</subject><subject>Circuits</subject><subject>Circulators</subject><subject>Communications systems</subject><subject>Configurations</subject><subject>Electromagnetic wave filters</subject><subject>Electronic devices</subject><subject>Frequency modulation</subject><subject>Intermodulation</subject><subject>Linearity</subject><subject>magnet free</subject><subject>Modulation</subject><subject>nonreciprocity</subject><subject>Power consumption</subject><subject>Radio frequency</subject><subject>Reciprocity</subject><subject>Resonators</subject><subject>surface acoustic wave (SAW)</subject><subject>Surface acoustic waves</subject><subject>Transmission lines</subject><issn>0018-9480</issn><issn>1557-9670</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2019</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><sourceid>RIE</sourceid><recordid>eNo9kFFLwzAQgIMoOKc_QHwJ-NyZS9I1eZzDqbAhuIqPJcsu0tk1NWmF_XtbNnw67u67O-4j5BbYBIDph3yV5xPOQE-4loJrOCMjSNMs0dOMnZMRY6ASLRW7JFcx7vpUpkyNyPe72ZaeLgL-dFjbA12ZrxrbpC8gnZfBdpVpfYj00UTcUl_TdWPa0re4b3wwFV357YCUfcc7uu6CMxbpzPoutqWln-YX6aKsWgzxmlw4U0W8OcUx-Vg85fOXZPn2_DqfLRMrJLQJZmajgKNgTkDGTbqxOmPIAYGlUhkulVPabozIFAg0hgnnuLaSO5lpUGJM7o97m-D7r2Jb7HwX6v5kwYUQqVACZE_BkbLBxxjQFU0o9yYcCmDF4LQYnBaD0-LktJ-5O86UiPjPKzUVILT4A7a_cyM</recordid><startdate>20191201</startdate><enddate>20191201</enddate><creator>Yu, Yao</creator><creator>Michetti, Giuseppe</creator><creator>Pirro, Michele</creator><creator>Kord, Ahmed</creator><creator>Sounas, Dimitrios L.</creator><creator>Xiao, Zhicheng</creator><creator>Cassella, Cristian</creator><creator>Alu, Andrea</creator><creator>Rinaldi, Matteo</creator><general>IEEE</general><general>The Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc. (IEEE)</general><scope>97E</scope><scope>RIA</scope><scope>RIE</scope><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>7SP</scope><scope>8FD</scope><scope>L7M</scope><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5108-2999</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9027-3058</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8876-3779</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0065-0890</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0858-0786</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3468-0214</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5968-7490</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4297-5274</orcidid></search><sort><creationdate>20191201</creationdate><title>Radio Frequency Magnet-Free Circulators Based on Spatiotemporal Modulation of Surface Acoustic Wave Filters</title><author>Yu, Yao ; Michetti, Giuseppe ; Pirro, Michele ; Kord, Ahmed ; Sounas, Dimitrios L. ; Xiao, Zhicheng ; Cassella, Cristian ; Alu, Andrea ; Rinaldi, Matteo</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c341t-e7ab812e30f3172a5bc970e21e10548a248f89cba37813eaa03ff29c42f479183</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2019</creationdate><topic>Bandwidths</topic><topic>Bias</topic><topic>Circuits</topic><topic>Circulators</topic><topic>Communications systems</topic><topic>Configurations</topic><topic>Electromagnetic wave filters</topic><topic>Electronic devices</topic><topic>Frequency modulation</topic><topic>Intermodulation</topic><topic>Linearity</topic><topic>magnet free</topic><topic>Modulation</topic><topic>nonreciprocity</topic><topic>Power consumption</topic><topic>Radio frequency</topic><topic>Reciprocity</topic><topic>Resonators</topic><topic>surface acoustic wave (SAW)</topic><topic>Surface acoustic waves</topic><topic>Transmission lines</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Yu, Yao</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Michetti, Giuseppe</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Pirro, Michele</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Kord, Ahmed</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Sounas, Dimitrios L.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Xiao, Zhicheng</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Cassella, Cristian</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Alu, Andrea</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Rinaldi, Matteo</creatorcontrib><collection>IEEE All-Society Periodicals Package (ASPP) 2005-present</collection><collection>IEEE All-Society Periodicals Package (ASPP) 1998-Present</collection><collection>IEEE Electronic Library (IEL)</collection><collection>CrossRef</collection><collection>Electronics & Communications Abstracts</collection><collection>Technology Research Database</collection><collection>Advanced Technologies Database with Aerospace</collection><jtitle>IEEE transactions on microwave theory and techniques</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext_linktorsrc</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Yu, Yao</au><au>Michetti, Giuseppe</au><au>Pirro, Michele</au><au>Kord, Ahmed</au><au>Sounas, Dimitrios L.</au><au>Xiao, Zhicheng</au><au>Cassella, Cristian</au><au>Alu, Andrea</au><au>Rinaldi, Matteo</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Radio Frequency Magnet-Free Circulators Based on Spatiotemporal Modulation of Surface Acoustic Wave Filters</atitle><jtitle>IEEE transactions on microwave theory and techniques</jtitle><stitle>TMTT</stitle><date>2019-12-01</date><risdate>2019</risdate><volume>67</volume><issue>12</issue><spage>4773</spage><epage>4782</epage><pages>4773-4782</pages><issn>0018-9480</issn><eissn>1557-9670</eissn><coden>IETMAB</coden><abstract>In this article, a new generation of magnet-free circulators with high performance is proposed. Circulators are crucial devices in modern communication systems due to their ability to enable full-duplexing and double the spectral efficiency directly in the physical layer of the radio-frequency (RF) front end. Traditionally, the Lorentz reciprocity is broken by applying the magnetic bias to ferrite materials; therefore, conventional circulators are bulky and expensive. In this article, this problem is addressed by replacing the magnetic bias with periodic spatiotemporal modulation. Compared to previous works, the proposed circulator is constructed using surface acoustic wave (SAW) filters instead of transmission lines (TLs), which reduces the modulation frequency by at least a factor of 20 and ensures ultralow power consumption and high linearity. The miniaturized high quality (Q) factor SAW filters also lead to a low-loss nonreciprocal band with strong isolation (IX) and broad bandwidth (BW) on a chip scale, therefore addressing such limitations in previous magnet-free demonstrations. Furthermore, compared to the conventional differential circuit configuration, a novel quad configuration is developed, which doubles the intermodulation-free BW.</abstract><cop>New York</cop><pub>IEEE</pub><doi>10.1109/TMTT.2019.2943291</doi><tpages>10</tpages><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5108-2999</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9027-3058</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8876-3779</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0065-0890</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0858-0786</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3468-0214</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5968-7490</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4297-5274</orcidid></addata></record> |
| fulltext | fulltext_linktorsrc |
| identifier | ISSN: 0018-9480 |
| ispartof | IEEE transactions on microwave theory and techniques, 2019-12, Vol.67 (12), p.4773-4782 |
| issn | 0018-9480 1557-9670 |
| language | eng |
| recordid | cdi_ieee_primary_8863139 |
| source | IEEE Electronic Library (IEL) |
| subjects | Bandwidths Bias Circuits Circulators Communications systems Configurations Electromagnetic wave filters Electronic devices Frequency modulation Intermodulation Linearity magnet free Modulation nonreciprocity Power consumption Radio frequency Reciprocity Resonators surface acoustic wave (SAW) Surface acoustic waves Transmission lines |
| title | Radio Frequency Magnet-Free Circulators Based on Spatiotemporal Modulation of Surface Acoustic Wave Filters |
| url | https://sfx.bib-bvb.de/sfx_tum?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&ctx_tim=2025-01-25T01%3A40%3A15IST&url_ver=Z39.88-2004&url_ctx_fmt=infofi/fmt:kev:mtx:ctx&rfr_id=info:sid/primo.exlibrisgroup.com:primo3-Article-proquest_RIE&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Radio%20Frequency%20Magnet-Free%20Circulators%20Based%20on%20Spatiotemporal%20Modulation%20of%20Surface%20Acoustic%20Wave%20Filters&rft.jtitle=IEEE%20transactions%20on%20microwave%20theory%20and%20techniques&rft.au=Yu,%20Yao&rft.date=2019-12-01&rft.volume=67&rft.issue=12&rft.spage=4773&rft.epage=4782&rft.pages=4773-4782&rft.issn=0018-9480&rft.eissn=1557-9670&rft.coden=IETMAB&rft_id=info:doi/10.1109/TMTT.2019.2943291&rft_dat=%3Cproquest_RIE%3E2333538314%3C/proquest_RIE%3E%3Curl%3E%3C/url%3E&disable_directlink=true&sfx.directlink=off&sfx.report_link=0&rft_id=info:oai/&rft_pqid=2333538314&rft_id=info:pmid/&rft_ieee_id=8863139&rfr_iscdi=true |