Frequency and angular variations of land surface microwave emissivities: can we estimate SSM/T and AMSU emissivities from SSM/I emissivities?
To retrieve temperature and humidity profiles from special sensor microwave/temperature (SSM/T) and advanced microwave sounding units (AMSU), it is important to quantify the contribution of the Earth surface emission. So far, no global estimates of the land surface emissivities are available at SSM/...
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| Veröffentlicht in: | IEEE transactions on geoscience and remote sensing 2000-09, Vol.38 (5), p.2373-2386 |
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| creator | Prigent, C. Wigneron, J.-P. Rossow, W.B. Pardo-Carrion, J.R. |
| description | To retrieve temperature and humidity profiles from special sensor microwave/temperature (SSM/T) and advanced microwave sounding units (AMSU), it is important to quantify the contribution of the Earth surface emission. So far, no global estimates of the land surface emissivities are available at SSM/T and AMSU frequencies and scanning conditions. The land surface emissivities have been previously calculated for the globe from the SSM/I conical scanner between 19 and 85 GHz. To analyze the feasibility of deriving SSM/T and AMSU land surface emissivities from SSM/I emissivities, the spectral and angular variations of the emissivities are studied, with the help of ground-based measurements, models, and satellite estimates. Up to 100 GHz, for snow and ice free areas, the SSM/T and AMSU emissivities can be derived with useful accuracy from the SSM/I emissivities. The emissivities can be linearly interpolated in frequency. Based on ground-based emissivity measurements of various surface types, a simple model is proposed to estimate SSM/T and AMSU emissivities for all zenith angles knowing only the emissivities for the vertical and horizontal polarizations at 53/spl deg/ zenith angle. The method is tested on the SSM/T-2 91.655 GHz channels. The mean difference between the SSM/T-2 and SSM/I-derived emissivities is /spl les/0.01 for all zenith angles with a root mean squared (RMS) difference of /spl ap/0.02. Above 100 GHz, preliminary results are presented at 150 GHz based on SSM/T-2 observations and are compared with the very few estimations, available in the literature. |
| doi_str_mv | 10.1109/36.868893 |
| format | Article |
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So far, no global estimates of the land surface emissivities are available at SSM/T and AMSU frequencies and scanning conditions. The land surface emissivities have been previously calculated for the globe from the SSM/I conical scanner between 19 and 85 GHz. To analyze the feasibility of deriving SSM/T and AMSU land surface emissivities from SSM/I emissivities, the spectral and angular variations of the emissivities are studied, with the help of ground-based measurements, models, and satellite estimates. Up to 100 GHz, for snow and ice free areas, the SSM/T and AMSU emissivities can be derived with useful accuracy from the SSM/I emissivities. The emissivities can be linearly interpolated in frequency. Based on ground-based emissivity measurements of various surface types, a simple model is proposed to estimate SSM/T and AMSU emissivities for all zenith angles knowing only the emissivities for the vertical and horizontal polarizations at 53/spl deg/ zenith angle. The method is tested on the SSM/T-2 91.655 GHz channels. The mean difference between the SSM/T-2 and SSM/I-derived emissivities is /spl les/0.01 for all zenith angles with a root mean squared (RMS) difference of /spl ap/0.02. Above 100 GHz, preliminary results are presented at 150 GHz based on SSM/T-2 observations and are compared with the very few estimations, available in the literature.</description><identifier>ISSN: 0196-2892</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1558-0644</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1109/36.868893</identifier><identifier>CODEN: IGRSD2</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>New York, NY: IEEE</publisher><subject>Acoustic sensors ; Applied geophysics ; Channels ; Computer Aided Engineering ; Computer Science ; Earth ; Earth sciences ; Earth, ocean, space ; Emissivity ; Estimates ; Exact sciences and technology ; Frequency estimation ; Horizontal polarization ; Humidity ; Internal geophysics ; Land ; Land surface ; Land surface temperature ; Mathematical models ; Microwave sensors ; Microwaves ; Satellites ; Snow ; Temperature sensors ; Zenith</subject><ispartof>IEEE transactions on geoscience and remote sensing, 2000-09, Vol.38 (5), p.2373-2386</ispartof><rights>2000 INIST-CNRS</rights><rights>Copyright The Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc. 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So far, no global estimates of the land surface emissivities are available at SSM/T and AMSU frequencies and scanning conditions. The land surface emissivities have been previously calculated for the globe from the SSM/I conical scanner between 19 and 85 GHz. To analyze the feasibility of deriving SSM/T and AMSU land surface emissivities from SSM/I emissivities, the spectral and angular variations of the emissivities are studied, with the help of ground-based measurements, models, and satellite estimates. Up to 100 GHz, for snow and ice free areas, the SSM/T and AMSU emissivities can be derived with useful accuracy from the SSM/I emissivities. The emissivities can be linearly interpolated in frequency. Based on ground-based emissivity measurements of various surface types, a simple model is proposed to estimate SSM/T and AMSU emissivities for all zenith angles knowing only the emissivities for the vertical and horizontal polarizations at 53/spl deg/ zenith angle. The method is tested on the SSM/T-2 91.655 GHz channels. The mean difference between the SSM/T-2 and SSM/I-derived emissivities is /spl les/0.01 for all zenith angles with a root mean squared (RMS) difference of /spl ap/0.02. Above 100 GHz, preliminary results are presented at 150 GHz based on SSM/T-2 observations and are compared with the very few estimations, available in the literature.</description><subject>Acoustic sensors</subject><subject>Applied geophysics</subject><subject>Channels</subject><subject>Computer Aided Engineering</subject><subject>Computer Science</subject><subject>Earth</subject><subject>Earth sciences</subject><subject>Earth, ocean, space</subject><subject>Emissivity</subject><subject>Estimates</subject><subject>Exact sciences and technology</subject><subject>Frequency estimation</subject><subject>Horizontal polarization</subject><subject>Humidity</subject><subject>Internal geophysics</subject><subject>Land</subject><subject>Land surface</subject><subject>Land surface temperature</subject><subject>Mathematical models</subject><subject>Microwave sensors</subject><subject>Microwaves</subject><subject>Satellites</subject><subject>Snow</subject><subject>Temperature sensors</subject><subject>Zenith</subject><issn>0196-2892</issn><issn>1558-0644</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2000</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><sourceid>RIE</sourceid><recordid>eNqNkk1rFEEQhgdRcI0evHpqRPw4bNI1_e1FlpCYwAYPm5ybnv7QDrMzsXtmQ36E_zk92SUhHqKHpqDq6beKt6qq3gLeB8DqgPB9yaVU5Fk1A8bkHHNKn1czDIrPa6nql9WrnC8xBspAzKo_x8n_Hn1nb5DpXHk_x9YktDEpmiH2XUZ9QO1UymMKxnq0jjb112bjkV_HnOMmDtHnr8iaDl2XZB7i2gwerVZnB-d3oouz1cUjGIXUr--A00f5b6-rF8G02b_Zxb3q4vjo_PBkvvzx_fRwsZxbVqthTpTlLhBBWQgGgHHnHDSBN8xh4gBcbb2TTWMbxRrOGmsMMSoQaJz1QkqyV33Z6v4yrb5KZeB0o3sT9cliqaccrrmipJYbKOynLXuV-uJUHnSZ2Pq2mOL7MWsFlBMCYlL9-CRZ7AcuKPkPsC7dOf43KMoSJa0L-PlJEITAtaSFLej7v9DLfkxdsVtLyTCvFYgHg8quc04-3LsEWE-HpgnX20Mr7IedoMnWtCGZzsb88IFKIdTU990Wi977--pO4xZrfdpN</recordid><startdate>20000901</startdate><enddate>20000901</enddate><creator>Prigent, C.</creator><creator>Wigneron, J.-P.</creator><creator>Rossow, W.B.</creator><creator>Pardo-Carrion, J.R.</creator><general>IEEE</general><general>Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers</general><general>The Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc. 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So far, no global estimates of the land surface emissivities are available at SSM/T and AMSU frequencies and scanning conditions. The land surface emissivities have been previously calculated for the globe from the SSM/I conical scanner between 19 and 85 GHz. To analyze the feasibility of deriving SSM/T and AMSU land surface emissivities from SSM/I emissivities, the spectral and angular variations of the emissivities are studied, with the help of ground-based measurements, models, and satellite estimates. Up to 100 GHz, for snow and ice free areas, the SSM/T and AMSU emissivities can be derived with useful accuracy from the SSM/I emissivities. The emissivities can be linearly interpolated in frequency. Based on ground-based emissivity measurements of various surface types, a simple model is proposed to estimate SSM/T and AMSU emissivities for all zenith angles knowing only the emissivities for the vertical and horizontal polarizations at 53/spl deg/ zenith angle. The method is tested on the SSM/T-2 91.655 GHz channels. The mean difference between the SSM/T-2 and SSM/I-derived emissivities is /spl les/0.01 for all zenith angles with a root mean squared (RMS) difference of /spl ap/0.02. Above 100 GHz, preliminary results are presented at 150 GHz based on SSM/T-2 observations and are compared with the very few estimations, available in the literature.</abstract><cop>New York, NY</cop><pub>IEEE</pub><doi>10.1109/36.868893</doi><tpages>14</tpages><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5345-3618</orcidid><oa>free_for_read</oa></addata></record> |
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| identifier | ISSN: 0196-2892 |
| ispartof | IEEE transactions on geoscience and remote sensing, 2000-09, Vol.38 (5), p.2373-2386 |
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| subjects | Acoustic sensors Applied geophysics Channels Computer Aided Engineering Computer Science Earth Earth sciences Earth, ocean, space Emissivity Estimates Exact sciences and technology Frequency estimation Horizontal polarization Humidity Internal geophysics Land Land surface Land surface temperature Mathematical models Microwave sensors Microwaves Satellites Snow Temperature sensors Zenith |
| title | Frequency and angular variations of land surface microwave emissivities: can we estimate SSM/T and AMSU emissivities from SSM/I emissivities? |
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