Bias-Independent and Self-Calibrated Electrical Method for Microwave Characterization of Dual-Parallel Mach-Zehnder Modulators Based on Two-Tone and Bias-Swing Modulation

A bias-independent and self-calibrated measurement is proposed for the high-frequency response of dual-parallel Mach-Zehnder modulators (DPMZMs) based on two-tone and bias-swing modulation. The two-tone and bias-swing sidebands beat with each other and generate the desired low-frequency beat notes,...

Ausführliche Beschreibung