Calculations of Eigenpolarization in Nd:YAG Laser Rods Due to Thermally Induced Birefringence
Laser crystals like Nd:YAG are widely used in laser resonators. The stress-induced birefringence of such laser crystals has a strong influence on beam quality, power, and polarization of the output laser beam. Detailed simulations using 3-D finite-element analysis and a 2-D Jones matrix analysis wer...
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| Veröffentlicht in: | IEEE journal of quantum electronics 2014-12, Vol.50 (12), p.1035-1043 |
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| creator | Graupeter, Thomas Hartmann, Rainer Pflaum, Christoph |
| description | Laser crystals like Nd:YAG are widely used in laser resonators. The stress-induced birefringence of such laser crystals has a strong influence on beam quality, power, and polarization of the output laser beam. Detailed simulations using 3-D finite-element analysis and a 2-D Jones matrix analysis were performed to analyze these effects. The finite-element analysis is used to calculate stress and birefringence depending on the cut direction of the crystal and its rotation. Eigenvalues and eigenvectors of the electromagnetic field inside the resonators are calculated by Jones matrix analysis. The analysis includes resonators with Brewster plates. Output power and beam quality are calculated by dynamic multimode analysis. Simulation results are presented for [100]-cut, [110]-cut, and [111]-cut Nd:YAG crystals. |
| doi_str_mv | 10.1109/JQE.2014.2365618 |
| format | Article |
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The stress-induced birefringence of such laser crystals has a strong influence on beam quality, power, and polarization of the output laser beam. Detailed simulations using 3-D finite-element analysis and a 2-D Jones matrix analysis were performed to analyze these effects. The finite-element analysis is used to calculate stress and birefringence depending on the cut direction of the crystal and its rotation. Eigenvalues and eigenvectors of the electromagnetic field inside the resonators are calculated by Jones matrix analysis. The analysis includes resonators with Brewster plates. Output power and beam quality are calculated by dynamic multimode analysis. Simulation results are presented for [100]-cut, [110]-cut, and [111]-cut Nd:YAG crystals.</description><identifier>ISSN: 0018-9197</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1558-1713</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1109/JQE.2014.2365618</identifier><identifier>CODEN: IEJQA7</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>New York: IEEE</publisher><subject>Birefringence ; Crystals ; Eigenvalues and eigenfunctions ; Finite element method ; Laser beams ; Lasers ; Mathematical analysis ; Mathematical model ; Neodymium ; Photoelasticity ; Resonators ; Rod lasers ; Simulation ; Thermal and stress effects ; YAG lasers</subject><ispartof>IEEE journal of quantum electronics, 2014-12, Vol.50 (12), p.1035-1043</ispartof><rights>Copyright The Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc. (IEEE) Dec 2014</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c239t-33aaee07acf16d45028e8718c9266c566fdb541f5c773b4af76a3e4c6ecfb95d3</citedby><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c239t-33aaee07acf16d45028e8718c9266c566fdb541f5c773b4af76a3e4c6ecfb95d3</cites></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><linktohtml>$$Uhttps://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/6940206$$EHTML$$P50$$Gieee$$H</linktohtml><link.rule.ids>314,776,780,792,27901,27902,54733</link.rule.ids><linktorsrc>$$Uhttps://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/6940206$$EView_record_in_IEEE$$FView_record_in_$$GIEEE</linktorsrc></links><search><creatorcontrib>Graupeter, Thomas</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Hartmann, Rainer</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Pflaum, Christoph</creatorcontrib><title>Calculations of Eigenpolarization in Nd:YAG Laser Rods Due to Thermally Induced Birefringence</title><title>IEEE journal of quantum electronics</title><addtitle>JQE</addtitle><description>Laser crystals like Nd:YAG are widely used in laser resonators. The stress-induced birefringence of such laser crystals has a strong influence on beam quality, power, and polarization of the output laser beam. Detailed simulations using 3-D finite-element analysis and a 2-D Jones matrix analysis were performed to analyze these effects. The finite-element analysis is used to calculate stress and birefringence depending on the cut direction of the crystal and its rotation. Eigenvalues and eigenvectors of the electromagnetic field inside the resonators are calculated by Jones matrix analysis. The analysis includes resonators with Brewster plates. Output power and beam quality are calculated by dynamic multimode analysis. Simulation results are presented for [100]-cut, [110]-cut, and [111]-cut Nd:YAG crystals.</description><subject>Birefringence</subject><subject>Crystals</subject><subject>Eigenvalues and eigenfunctions</subject><subject>Finite element method</subject><subject>Laser beams</subject><subject>Lasers</subject><subject>Mathematical analysis</subject><subject>Mathematical model</subject><subject>Neodymium</subject><subject>Photoelasticity</subject><subject>Resonators</subject><subject>Rod lasers</subject><subject>Simulation</subject><subject>Thermal and stress effects</subject><subject>YAG lasers</subject><issn>0018-9197</issn><issn>1558-1713</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2014</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><sourceid>RIE</sourceid><recordid>eNpdkD1PwzAQhi0EEuVjR2KxxMKS4u84bKWUAqpAoDIwoMh1LuAqjYvdDOXXY2jFwHS60_Oe7h6ETijpU0qKi_unUZ8RKvqMK6mo3kE9KqXOaE75LuoRQnVW0CLfRwcxzlMrhCY99DY0je0as3K-jdjXeOTeoV36xgT39TvFrsUP1eXrYIwnJkLAz76K-LoDvPJ4-gFhYZpmje_aqrNQ4SsXoA6uTVssHKG92jQRjrf1EL3cjKbD22zyOL4bDiaZZbxYZZwbA0ByY2uqKiEJ06Bzqm3BlLJSqbqaSUFrafOcz4Spc2U4CKvA1rNCVvwQnW_2LoP_7CCuyoWLFprGtOC7WFIlGGci1yKhZ__Que9Cm65LFJNEFZrQRJENZYOPMX1ULoNbmLAuKSl_fJfJd_nju9z6TpHTTcQBwB-uCkEYUfwbXJl7Og</recordid><startdate>201412</startdate><enddate>201412</enddate><creator>Graupeter, Thomas</creator><creator>Hartmann, Rainer</creator><creator>Pflaum, Christoph</creator><general>IEEE</general><general>The Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc. (IEEE)</general><scope>97E</scope><scope>RIA</scope><scope>RIE</scope><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>7SP</scope><scope>7U5</scope><scope>8FD</scope><scope>L7M</scope><scope>7SR</scope><scope>F28</scope><scope>FR3</scope><scope>H8D</scope><scope>JG9</scope></search><sort><creationdate>201412</creationdate><title>Calculations of Eigenpolarization in Nd:YAG Laser Rods Due to Thermally Induced Birefringence</title><author>Graupeter, Thomas ; Hartmann, Rainer ; Pflaum, Christoph</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c239t-33aaee07acf16d45028e8718c9266c566fdb541f5c773b4af76a3e4c6ecfb95d3</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2014</creationdate><topic>Birefringence</topic><topic>Crystals</topic><topic>Eigenvalues and eigenfunctions</topic><topic>Finite element method</topic><topic>Laser beams</topic><topic>Lasers</topic><topic>Mathematical analysis</topic><topic>Mathematical model</topic><topic>Neodymium</topic><topic>Photoelasticity</topic><topic>Resonators</topic><topic>Rod lasers</topic><topic>Simulation</topic><topic>Thermal and stress effects</topic><topic>YAG lasers</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Graupeter, Thomas</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Hartmann, Rainer</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Pflaum, Christoph</creatorcontrib><collection>IEEE All-Society Periodicals Package (ASPP) 2005-present</collection><collection>IEEE All-Society Periodicals Package (ASPP) 1998-Present</collection><collection>IEEE Electronic Library (IEL)</collection><collection>CrossRef</collection><collection>Electronics & Communications Abstracts</collection><collection>Solid State and Superconductivity Abstracts</collection><collection>Technology Research Database</collection><collection>Advanced Technologies Database with Aerospace</collection><collection>Engineered Materials Abstracts</collection><collection>ANTE: Abstracts in New Technology & Engineering</collection><collection>Engineering Research Database</collection><collection>Aerospace Database</collection><collection>Materials Research Database</collection><jtitle>IEEE journal of quantum electronics</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext_linktorsrc</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Graupeter, Thomas</au><au>Hartmann, Rainer</au><au>Pflaum, Christoph</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Calculations of Eigenpolarization in Nd:YAG Laser Rods Due to Thermally Induced Birefringence</atitle><jtitle>IEEE journal of quantum electronics</jtitle><stitle>JQE</stitle><date>2014-12</date><risdate>2014</risdate><volume>50</volume><issue>12</issue><spage>1035</spage><epage>1043</epage><pages>1035-1043</pages><issn>0018-9197</issn><eissn>1558-1713</eissn><coden>IEJQA7</coden><abstract>Laser crystals like Nd:YAG are widely used in laser resonators. The stress-induced birefringence of such laser crystals has a strong influence on beam quality, power, and polarization of the output laser beam. Detailed simulations using 3-D finite-element analysis and a 2-D Jones matrix analysis were performed to analyze these effects. The finite-element analysis is used to calculate stress and birefringence depending on the cut direction of the crystal and its rotation. Eigenvalues and eigenvectors of the electromagnetic field inside the resonators are calculated by Jones matrix analysis. The analysis includes resonators with Brewster plates. Output power and beam quality are calculated by dynamic multimode analysis. Simulation results are presented for [100]-cut, [110]-cut, and [111]-cut Nd:YAG crystals.</abstract><cop>New York</cop><pub>IEEE</pub><doi>10.1109/JQE.2014.2365618</doi><tpages>9</tpages></addata></record> |
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| subjects | Birefringence Crystals Eigenvalues and eigenfunctions Finite element method Laser beams Lasers Mathematical analysis Mathematical model Neodymium Photoelasticity Resonators Rod lasers Simulation Thermal and stress effects YAG lasers |
| title | Calculations of Eigenpolarization in Nd:YAG Laser Rods Due to Thermally Induced Birefringence |
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