Enabling Low-Distortion Varactors for Adaptive Transmitters
A varactor diode configuration is presented for the implementation of low-distortion tunable matching networks, phase shifters, and filters. The configuration is based on varactors with an "exponential" C(V) relation in antiseries configuration with specific control voltage harmonic loadin...
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| Veröffentlicht in: | IEEE transactions on microwave theory and techniques 2008-05, Vol.56 (5), p.1149-1163 |
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| creator | Huang, Cong Larson, Lawrence E. Nanver, Lis K. de Vreede, Leo C. N. Sarubbi, Francesco Popadic, Milos Buisman, Koen Qureshi, Jawad Marchetti, Mauro Akhnoukh, Atef Scholtes, Tom L. M. |
| description | A varactor diode configuration is presented for the implementation of low-distortion tunable matching networks, phase shifters, and filters. The configuration is based on varactors with an "exponential" C(V) relation in antiseries configuration with specific control voltage harmonic loading conditions. The resulting network combines a high capacitance tuning range with relatively low control voltages and excellent linearity. The linearity is independent of the applied control voltage and does not degrade at low tone spacing, which is ideal for the realization of adaptive transmitters and modulators. A specific N d x-2 varactor doping profile is required for exact third-order intermodulation (IM3) cancellation. The remaining distortion is dominated by the much smaller fifth-order nonlinearities. The required impedance levels of the harmonic terminations are studied in terms of the maximum modulation bandwidth for which the proposed configuration remains linear. The doping profile optimization for quality factor, tuning range, and breakdown voltage is discussed. For experimental verification, the proposed varactor configuration has been implemented using a silicon-on-glass technology. The measurements demonstrate IM3 cancellation and indicate a superior linearity for modulated signals up to 10-MHz bandwidth. |
| doi_str_mv | 10.1109/TMTT.2008.921679 |
| format | Article |
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N. ; Sarubbi, Francesco ; Popadic, Milos ; Buisman, Koen ; Qureshi, Jawad ; Marchetti, Mauro ; Akhnoukh, Atef ; Scholtes, Tom L. M.</creator><creatorcontrib>Huang, Cong ; Larson, Lawrence E. ; Nanver, Lis K. ; de Vreede, Leo C. N. ; Sarubbi, Francesco ; Popadic, Milos ; Buisman, Koen ; Qureshi, Jawad ; Marchetti, Mauro ; Akhnoukh, Atef ; Scholtes, Tom L. M.</creatorcontrib><description>A varactor diode configuration is presented for the implementation of low-distortion tunable matching networks, phase shifters, and filters. The configuration is based on varactors with an "exponential" C(V) relation in antiseries configuration with specific control voltage harmonic loading conditions. The resulting network combines a high capacitance tuning range with relatively low control voltages and excellent linearity. The linearity is independent of the applied control voltage and does not degrade at low tone spacing, which is ideal for the realization of adaptive transmitters and modulators. A specific N d x-2 varactor doping profile is required for exact third-order intermodulation (IM3) cancellation. The remaining distortion is dominated by the much smaller fifth-order nonlinearities. The required impedance levels of the harmonic terminations are studied in terms of the maximum modulation bandwidth for which the proposed configuration remains linear. The doping profile optimization for quality factor, tuning range, and breakdown voltage is discussed. For experimental verification, the proposed varactor configuration has been implemented using a silicon-on-glass technology. The measurements demonstrate IM3 cancellation and indicate a superior linearity for modulated signals up to 10-MHz bandwidth.</description><identifier>ISSN: 0018-9480</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1557-9670</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1109/TMTT.2008.921679</identifier><identifier>CODEN: IETMAB</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>New York, NY: IEEE</publisher><subject>Adaptive systems ; Applied sciences ; band switching ; Bandwidth ; Circuit properties ; Circuits of signal characteristics conditioning (including delay circuits) ; Diodes ; Doping ; Doping profiles ; Electric potential ; Electric, optical and optoelectronic circuits ; Electronic circuits ; Electronics ; Exact sciences and technology ; Frequency filters ; Harmonics ; impedance matching ; Linearity ; low distortion ; Matched filters ; Networks ; Phase shifters ; Power harmonic filters ; Radiocommunications ; Telecommunications ; Telecommunications and information theory ; Transmitters ; Transmitters. Receivers ; tunable filters ; tuners ; Tuning ; Varactors ; Voltage ; Voltage control</subject><ispartof>IEEE transactions on microwave theory and techniques, 2008-05, Vol.56 (5), p.1149-1163</ispartof><rights>2008 INIST-CNRS</rights><rights>Copyright The Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc. (IEEE) 2008</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><oa>free_for_read</oa><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c425t-2f176f9146bb8f811ac95788635352606fb5b33b1b644b0dcb89f7d0c58031c13</citedby><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c425t-2f176f9146bb8f811ac95788635352606fb5b33b1b644b0dcb89f7d0c58031c13</cites></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><linktohtml>$$Uhttps://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/4490422$$EHTML$$P50$$Gieee$$H</linktohtml><link.rule.ids>314,776,780,792,27901,27902,54733</link.rule.ids><linktorsrc>$$Uhttps://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/4490422$$EView_record_in_IEEE$$FView_record_in_$$GIEEE</linktorsrc><backlink>$$Uhttp://pascal-francis.inist.fr/vibad/index.php?action=getRecordDetail&idt=20330003$$DView record in Pascal Francis$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><creatorcontrib>Huang, Cong</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Larson, Lawrence E.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Nanver, Lis K.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>de Vreede, Leo C. N.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Sarubbi, Francesco</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Popadic, Milos</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Buisman, Koen</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Qureshi, Jawad</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Marchetti, Mauro</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Akhnoukh, Atef</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Scholtes, Tom L. M.</creatorcontrib><title>Enabling Low-Distortion Varactors for Adaptive Transmitters</title><title>IEEE transactions on microwave theory and techniques</title><addtitle>TMTT</addtitle><description>A varactor diode configuration is presented for the implementation of low-distortion tunable matching networks, phase shifters, and filters. The configuration is based on varactors with an "exponential" C(V) relation in antiseries configuration with specific control voltage harmonic loading conditions. The resulting network combines a high capacitance tuning range with relatively low control voltages and excellent linearity. The linearity is independent of the applied control voltage and does not degrade at low tone spacing, which is ideal for the realization of adaptive transmitters and modulators. A specific N d x-2 varactor doping profile is required for exact third-order intermodulation (IM3) cancellation. The remaining distortion is dominated by the much smaller fifth-order nonlinearities. The required impedance levels of the harmonic terminations are studied in terms of the maximum modulation bandwidth for which the proposed configuration remains linear. The doping profile optimization for quality factor, tuning range, and breakdown voltage is discussed. For experimental verification, the proposed varactor configuration has been implemented using a silicon-on-glass technology. The measurements demonstrate IM3 cancellation and indicate a superior linearity for modulated signals up to 10-MHz bandwidth.</description><subject>Adaptive systems</subject><subject>Applied sciences</subject><subject>band switching</subject><subject>Bandwidth</subject><subject>Circuit properties</subject><subject>Circuits of signal characteristics conditioning (including delay circuits)</subject><subject>Diodes</subject><subject>Doping</subject><subject>Doping profiles</subject><subject>Electric potential</subject><subject>Electric, optical and optoelectronic circuits</subject><subject>Electronic circuits</subject><subject>Electronics</subject><subject>Exact sciences and technology</subject><subject>Frequency filters</subject><subject>Harmonics</subject><subject>impedance matching</subject><subject>Linearity</subject><subject>low distortion</subject><subject>Matched filters</subject><subject>Networks</subject><subject>Phase shifters</subject><subject>Power harmonic filters</subject><subject>Radiocommunications</subject><subject>Telecommunications</subject><subject>Telecommunications and information theory</subject><subject>Transmitters</subject><subject>Transmitters. Receivers</subject><subject>tunable filters</subject><subject>tuners</subject><subject>Tuning</subject><subject>Varactors</subject><subject>Voltage</subject><subject>Voltage control</subject><issn>0018-9480</issn><issn>1557-9670</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2008</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><sourceid>RIE</sourceid><recordid>eNp9kE1rGzEQhkVoIa6beyCXpdDmtM7ocyVyMq7zAS65bHsVkiwVmfWuI61b8u8rY-NDDj0NwzzzDvMgdI1hhjGou_ZH284IgJwpgkWjLtAEc97USjTwAU0AsKwVk3CJPuW8KS3jICfoftkb28X-d7Ua_tbfYx6HNMahr36ZZFxpchWGVM3XZjfGP75qk-nzNo6jT_kz-hhMl_3VqU7Rz4dlu3iqVy-Pz4v5qnaM8LEmATciKMyEtTJIjI1TvJFSUE45ESCC5ZZSi61gzMLaWalCswbHJVDsMJ2i22PuLg2ve59HvY3Z-a4zvR_2WcuGA29UiZuib_8lKWMSC0IL-OUduBn2qS9faCkIllAiCwRHyKUh5-SD3qW4NelNY9AH6fogXR-k66P0svL1lGuyM10otlzM5z0ClALA4f7NkYve-_OYMQWMEPoPdoWIZg</recordid><startdate>20080501</startdate><enddate>20080501</enddate><creator>Huang, Cong</creator><creator>Larson, Lawrence E.</creator><creator>Nanver, Lis K.</creator><creator>de Vreede, Leo C. N.</creator><creator>Sarubbi, Francesco</creator><creator>Popadic, Milos</creator><creator>Buisman, Koen</creator><creator>Qureshi, Jawad</creator><creator>Marchetti, Mauro</creator><creator>Akhnoukh, Atef</creator><creator>Scholtes, Tom L. M.</creator><general>IEEE</general><general>Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers</general><general>The Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc. (IEEE)</general><scope>97E</scope><scope>RIA</scope><scope>RIE</scope><scope>IQODW</scope><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>7SP</scope><scope>8FD</scope><scope>L7M</scope><scope>F28</scope><scope>FR3</scope></search><sort><creationdate>20080501</creationdate><title>Enabling Low-Distortion Varactors for Adaptive Transmitters</title><author>Huang, Cong ; Larson, Lawrence E. ; Nanver, Lis K. ; de Vreede, Leo C. N. ; Sarubbi, Francesco ; Popadic, Milos ; Buisman, Koen ; Qureshi, Jawad ; Marchetti, Mauro ; Akhnoukh, Atef ; Scholtes, Tom L. 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Receivers</topic><topic>tunable filters</topic><topic>tuners</topic><topic>Tuning</topic><topic>Varactors</topic><topic>Voltage</topic><topic>Voltage control</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Huang, Cong</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Larson, Lawrence E.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Nanver, Lis K.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>de Vreede, Leo C. N.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Sarubbi, Francesco</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Popadic, Milos</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Buisman, Koen</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Qureshi, Jawad</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Marchetti, Mauro</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Akhnoukh, Atef</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Scholtes, Tom L. M.</creatorcontrib><collection>IEEE All-Society Periodicals Package (ASPP) 2005-present</collection><collection>IEEE All-Society Periodicals Package (ASPP) 1998-Present</collection><collection>IEEE Electronic Library (IEL)</collection><collection>Pascal-Francis</collection><collection>CrossRef</collection><collection>Electronics & Communications Abstracts</collection><collection>Technology Research Database</collection><collection>Advanced Technologies Database with Aerospace</collection><collection>ANTE: Abstracts in New Technology & Engineering</collection><collection>Engineering Research Database</collection><jtitle>IEEE transactions on microwave theory and techniques</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext_linktorsrc</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Huang, Cong</au><au>Larson, Lawrence E.</au><au>Nanver, Lis K.</au><au>de Vreede, Leo C. N.</au><au>Sarubbi, Francesco</au><au>Popadic, Milos</au><au>Buisman, Koen</au><au>Qureshi, Jawad</au><au>Marchetti, Mauro</au><au>Akhnoukh, Atef</au><au>Scholtes, Tom L. M.</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Enabling Low-Distortion Varactors for Adaptive Transmitters</atitle><jtitle>IEEE transactions on microwave theory and techniques</jtitle><stitle>TMTT</stitle><date>2008-05-01</date><risdate>2008</risdate><volume>56</volume><issue>5</issue><spage>1149</spage><epage>1163</epage><pages>1149-1163</pages><issn>0018-9480</issn><eissn>1557-9670</eissn><coden>IETMAB</coden><abstract>A varactor diode configuration is presented for the implementation of low-distortion tunable matching networks, phase shifters, and filters. The configuration is based on varactors with an "exponential" C(V) relation in antiseries configuration with specific control voltage harmonic loading conditions. The resulting network combines a high capacitance tuning range with relatively low control voltages and excellent linearity. The linearity is independent of the applied control voltage and does not degrade at low tone spacing, which is ideal for the realization of adaptive transmitters and modulators. A specific N d x-2 varactor doping profile is required for exact third-order intermodulation (IM3) cancellation. The remaining distortion is dominated by the much smaller fifth-order nonlinearities. The required impedance levels of the harmonic terminations are studied in terms of the maximum modulation bandwidth for which the proposed configuration remains linear. The doping profile optimization for quality factor, tuning range, and breakdown voltage is discussed. For experimental verification, the proposed varactor configuration has been implemented using a silicon-on-glass technology. The measurements demonstrate IM3 cancellation and indicate a superior linearity for modulated signals up to 10-MHz bandwidth.</abstract><cop>New York, NY</cop><pub>IEEE</pub><doi>10.1109/TMTT.2008.921679</doi><tpages>15</tpages><oa>free_for_read</oa></addata></record> |
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| subjects | Adaptive systems Applied sciences band switching Bandwidth Circuit properties Circuits of signal characteristics conditioning (including delay circuits) Diodes Doping Doping profiles Electric potential Electric, optical and optoelectronic circuits Electronic circuits Electronics Exact sciences and technology Frequency filters Harmonics impedance matching Linearity low distortion Matched filters Networks Phase shifters Power harmonic filters Radiocommunications Telecommunications Telecommunications and information theory Transmitters Transmitters. Receivers tunable filters tuners Tuning Varactors Voltage Voltage control |
| title | Enabling Low-Distortion Varactors for Adaptive Transmitters |
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