Growth of Germanium for Lithium Drift Detectors

The germanium for lithium drift germanium detectors should have the following properties: 1. High lithium drift rate. 2. Low reverse current during the drifting process - particularly for high temperature drifting. 3. Minimal lithium precipation during drifting. 4. Capability of fabrication into det...

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Veröffentlicht in:	IEEE (Inst. Elec. Electron. Eng.), Trans. Nucl. Sci., NS-15: No. 3, 347-51(June 1968) Trans. Nucl. Sci., NS-15: No. 3, 347-51(June 1968), 1968-06, Vol.15 (3), p.347-351
Hauptverfasser:	Adda, L. P., Benson, K. E., deWitt, R. C., McKenzie, J. M.
Format:	Artikel
Sprache:	eng
Schlagworte:	Atmosphere Atmospheric measurements CRYSTAL GROWTH CRYSTALLIZATION CRYSTALS Density measurement Detectors DIFFUSION Fabrication GERMANIUM GERMANIUM/crystal growth methods for, for fabrication of high-quality lithium-drifted detectors Hydrogen IMPURITIES LITHIUM N26110 -Instrumentation-Radiation Detection Instruments- General Detectors & Monitors SEMICONDUCTOR COUNTERS SOLID-STATE COUNTERS Temperature Voltage
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container_end_page	351
container_issue	3
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container_title	IEEE (Inst. Elec. Electron. Eng.), Trans. Nucl. Sci., NS-15: No. 3, 347-51(June 1968)
container_volume	15
creator	Adda, L. P. Benson, K. E. deWitt, R. C. McKenzie, J. M.
description	The germanium for lithium drift germanium detectors should have the following properties: 1. High lithium drift rate. 2. Low reverse current during the drifting process - particularly for high temperature drifting. 3. Minimal lithium precipation during drifting. 4. Capability of fabrication into detectors exhibiting (a) Low noise reverse currents at high bias voltages (b) A minimum of carrier trapping. Germanium grown in a hydrogen atmosphere exhibits most of these desirable qualities. Measurements of ρ, τ, dislocation density, Hall mobility, conductivity, and IR absorption on both hydrogen grown and normally grown crystals have been made for correlation with detector properties. These measurements and the details of the hydrogen growth process are discussed.
doi_str_mv	10.1109/TNS.1968.4324957
format	Article
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P. ; Benson, K. E. ; deWitt, R. C. ; McKenzie, J. M.</creator><creatorcontrib>Adda, L. P. ; Benson, K. E. ; deWitt, R. C. ; McKenzie, J. M. ; Bell Telephone Labs., Inc., Allentown, Pa</creatorcontrib><description>The germanium for lithium drift germanium detectors should have the following properties: 1. High lithium drift rate. 2. Low reverse current during the drifting process - particularly for high temperature drifting. 3. Minimal lithium precipation during drifting. 4. Capability of fabrication into detectors exhibiting (a) Low noise reverse currents at high bias voltages (b) A minimum of carrier trapping. Germanium grown in a hydrogen atmosphere exhibits most of these desirable qualities. Measurements of ρ, τ, dislocation density, Hall mobility, conductivity, and IR absorption on both hydrogen grown and normally grown crystals have been made for correlation with detector properties. These measurements and the details of the hydrogen growth process are discussed.</description><identifier>ISSN: 0018-9499</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1558-1578</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1109/TNS.1968.4324957</identifier><identifier>CODEN: IETNAE</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>IEEE</publisher><subject>Atmosphere ; Atmospheric measurements ; CRYSTAL GROWTH ; CRYSTALLIZATION ; CRYSTALS ; Density measurement ; Detectors ; DIFFUSION ; Fabrication ; GERMANIUM ; GERMANIUM/crystal growth methods for, for fabrication of high-quality lithium-drifted detectors ; Hydrogen ; IMPURITIES ; LITHIUM ; N26110 -Instrumentation-Radiation Detection Instruments- General Detectors & Monitors ; SEMICONDUCTOR COUNTERS ; SOLID-STATE COUNTERS ; Temperature ; Voltage</subject><ispartof>IEEE (Inst. Elec. Electron. Eng.), Trans. Nucl. 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P.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Benson, K. E.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>deWitt, R. C.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>McKenzie, J. M.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Bell Telephone Labs., Inc., Allentown, Pa</creatorcontrib><title>Growth of Germanium for Lithium Drift Detectors</title><title>IEEE (Inst. Elec. Electron. Eng.), Trans. Nucl. Sci., NS-15: No. 3, 347-51(June 1968)</title><addtitle>TNS</addtitle><description>The germanium for lithium drift germanium detectors should have the following properties: 1. High lithium drift rate. 2. Low reverse current during the drifting process - particularly for high temperature drifting. 3. Minimal lithium precipation during drifting. 4. Capability of fabrication into detectors exhibiting (a) Low noise reverse currents at high bias voltages (b) A minimum of carrier trapping. Germanium grown in a hydrogen atmosphere exhibits most of these desirable qualities. Measurements of ρ, τ, dislocation density, Hall mobility, conductivity, and IR absorption on both hydrogen grown and normally grown crystals have been made for correlation with detector properties. These measurements and the details of the hydrogen growth process are discussed.</description><subject>Atmosphere</subject><subject>Atmospheric measurements</subject><subject>CRYSTAL GROWTH</subject><subject>CRYSTALLIZATION</subject><subject>CRYSTALS</subject><subject>Density measurement</subject><subject>Detectors</subject><subject>DIFFUSION</subject><subject>Fabrication</subject><subject>GERMANIUM</subject><subject>GERMANIUM/crystal growth methods for, for fabrication of high-quality lithium-drifted detectors</subject><subject>Hydrogen</subject><subject>IMPURITIES</subject><subject>LITHIUM</subject><subject>N26110 -Instrumentation-Radiation Detection Instruments- General Detectors & Monitors</subject><subject>SEMICONDUCTOR COUNTERS</subject><subject>SOLID-STATE COUNTERS</subject><subject>Temperature</subject><subject>Voltage</subject><issn>0018-9499</issn><issn>1558-1578</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>1968</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><recordid>eNo9UMFKxDAQDaLgunoXvBTv7WbaJE2OsqurUPTgeg7ZNKERu5EkIv69KV29zJth3pt5PISuAVcAWKx2z68VCMYr0tRE0PYELYBSXgJt-SlaYAy8FESIc3QR43seCcV0gVbb4L_TUHhbbE0Y1cF9jYX1oehcGqZ-E5xNxcYko5MP8RKdWfURzdURl-jt4X63fiy7l-3T-q4rdY1pKhuwhLeKWcIsExnqnkCDmeCq3fetwL1WsFeqNpRzzqgWwFlvQFvT56KaJbqd7_qYnIza5f-D9odDtiGzdQCgmYRnkg4-xmCs_AxuVOFHApZTKjKnIqdU5DGVLLmZJc4Y80__2_4C2mVdCQ</recordid><startdate>196806</startdate><enddate>196806</enddate><creator>Adda, L. P.</creator><creator>Benson, K. E.</creator><creator>deWitt, R. C.</creator><creator>McKenzie, J. M.</creator><general>IEEE</general><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>OTOTI</scope></search><sort><creationdate>196806</creationdate><title>Growth of Germanium for Lithium Drift Detectors</title><author>Adda, L. P. ; Benson, K. E. ; deWitt, R. C. ; McKenzie, J. M.</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c205t-31f487a6f46f696f42d4130698a7bd790dca1baa2e588865c9186de1cfed1cfa3</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>1968</creationdate><topic>Atmosphere</topic><topic>Atmospheric measurements</topic><topic>CRYSTAL GROWTH</topic><topic>CRYSTALLIZATION</topic><topic>CRYSTALS</topic><topic>Density measurement</topic><topic>Detectors</topic><topic>DIFFUSION</topic><topic>Fabrication</topic><topic>GERMANIUM</topic><topic>GERMANIUM/crystal growth methods for, for fabrication of high-quality lithium-drifted detectors</topic><topic>Hydrogen</topic><topic>IMPURITIES</topic><topic>LITHIUM</topic><topic>N26110 -Instrumentation-Radiation Detection Instruments- General Detectors & Monitors</topic><topic>SEMICONDUCTOR COUNTERS</topic><topic>SOLID-STATE COUNTERS</topic><topic>Temperature</topic><topic>Voltage</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Adda, L. P.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Benson, K. E.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>deWitt, R. C.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>McKenzie, J. M.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Bell Telephone Labs., Inc., Allentown, Pa</creatorcontrib><collection>CrossRef</collection><collection>OSTI.GOV</collection><jtitle>IEEE (Inst. Elec. Electron. Eng.), Trans. Nucl. Sci., NS-15: No. 3, 347-51(June 1968)</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext_linktorsrc</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Adda, L. P.</au><au>Benson, K. E.</au><au>deWitt, R. C.</au><au>McKenzie, J. M.</au><aucorp>Bell Telephone Labs., Inc., Allentown, Pa</aucorp><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Growth of Germanium for Lithium Drift Detectors</atitle><jtitle>IEEE (Inst. Elec. Electron. Eng.), Trans. Nucl. Sci., NS-15: No. 3, 347-51(June 1968)</jtitle><stitle>TNS</stitle><date>1968-06</date><risdate>1968</risdate><volume>15</volume><issue>3</issue><spage>347</spage><epage>351</epage><pages>347-351</pages><issn>0018-9499</issn><eissn>1558-1578</eissn><coden>IETNAE</coden><abstract>The germanium for lithium drift germanium detectors should have the following properties: 1. High lithium drift rate. 2. Low reverse current during the drifting process - particularly for high temperature drifting. 3. Minimal lithium precipation during drifting. 4. Capability of fabrication into detectors exhibiting (a) Low noise reverse currents at high bias voltages (b) A minimum of carrier trapping. Germanium grown in a hydrogen atmosphere exhibits most of these desirable qualities. Measurements of ρ, τ, dislocation density, Hall mobility, conductivity, and IR absorption on both hydrogen grown and normally grown crystals have been made for correlation with detector properties. These measurements and the details of the hydrogen growth process are discussed.</abstract><pub>IEEE</pub><doi>10.1109/TNS.1968.4324957</doi><tpages>5</tpages></addata></record>
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subjects	Atmosphere Atmospheric measurements CRYSTAL GROWTH CRYSTALLIZATION CRYSTALS Density measurement Detectors DIFFUSION Fabrication GERMANIUM GERMANIUM/crystal growth methods for, for fabrication of high-quality lithium-drifted detectors Hydrogen IMPURITIES LITHIUM N26110 -Instrumentation-Radiation Detection Instruments- General Detectors & Monitors SEMICONDUCTOR COUNTERS SOLID-STATE COUNTERS Temperature Voltage
title	Growth of Germanium for Lithium Drift Detectors
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