Enhanced discrimination among UXO-like targets using extremely low-frequency magnetic fields
We show that the ability to discriminate among unexploded ordnance (UXO) targets is enhanced by extending the measurement range of our continuous-wave (CW) electromagnetic induction (EMI) system down to extremely low frequencies (ELFs). In particular, we demonstrate that for a typical UXO target set...
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| Veröffentlicht in: | IEEE transactions on geoscience and remote sensing 2006-01, Vol.44 (1), p.10-21 |
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| container_title | IEEE transactions on geoscience and remote sensing |
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| creator | Chilaka, S.V. Faircloth, D.L. Riggs, L.S. Nelson, H.H. |
| description | We show that the ability to discriminate among unexploded ordnance (UXO) targets is enhanced by extending the measurement range of our continuous-wave (CW) electromagnetic induction (EMI) system down to extremely low frequencies (ELFs). In particular, we demonstrate that for a typical UXO target set, when data in the range 30 Hz to 24 kHz are extended downward toward 1-Hz discrimination performance improves by a factor of 1.5. Measurements and numerical simulations show that very low frequency magnetic fields penetrate deep into the target, enabling one to discriminate between thick- and thin-walled ferrous cylinders that are otherwise visually identical. Data acquisition at extremely low frequencies is a time-consuming process especially if data averaging is required to achieve acceptable signal-to-noise ratio. Therefore, in practice, discrimination improvement using ELF is probably best carried out using a "cued" approach. In a "cued" approach, target locations would be marked using another detection technique (e.g., a simple total-field magnetometer), and the low-frequency CW EMI system would be deployed to these known target locations for classification. |
| doi_str_mv | 10.1109/TGRS.2005.859951 |
| format | Article |
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In particular, we demonstrate that for a typical UXO target set, when data in the range 30 Hz to 24 kHz are extended downward toward 1-Hz discrimination performance improves by a factor of 1.5. Measurements and numerical simulations show that very low frequency magnetic fields penetrate deep into the target, enabling one to discriminate between thick- and thin-walled ferrous cylinders that are otherwise visually identical. Data acquisition at extremely low frequencies is a time-consuming process especially if data averaging is required to achieve acceptable signal-to-noise ratio. Therefore, in practice, discrimination improvement using ELF is probably best carried out using a "cued" approach. 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In particular, we demonstrate that for a typical UXO target set, when data in the range 30 Hz to 24 kHz are extended downward toward 1-Hz discrimination performance improves by a factor of 1.5. Measurements and numerical simulations show that very low frequency magnetic fields penetrate deep into the target, enabling one to discriminate between thick- and thin-walled ferrous cylinders that are otherwise visually identical. Data acquisition at extremely low frequencies is a time-consuming process especially if data averaging is required to achieve acceptable signal-to-noise ratio. Therefore, in practice, discrimination improvement using ELF is probably best carried out using a "cued" approach. 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| subjects | Acceptability Applied geophysics Classification Continuous-wave (CW) electromagnetic induction (EMI) Data acquisition Discrimination Earth sciences Earth, ocean, space Electromagnetic induction Electromagnetic interference Electromagnetic measurements Exact sciences and technology Extremely low frequencies extremely low frequency (ELF) magnetic fields Frequency measurement Internal geophysics Magnetic field measurement Magnetic fields Mathematical models Numerical simulation Thickness measurement Thin wall structures unexploded ordnance (UXO) |
| title | Enhanced discrimination among UXO-like targets using extremely low-frequency magnetic fields |
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