Room-temperature ferromagnetism in Co/sub x/Ti/sub (1-x)/O/sub 2/ powders made by sol-gel method: a NMR study

Co-doped TiO/sub 2/ system is one of the most promising candidates for room-temperature ferromagnetic semiconductors. However, the origin on its room-temperature ferromagnetism has not been totally understood. In this paper, Co/sub 0.04/Ti/sub 0.96/ O/sub 2/ powders were fabricated by sol-gel method...

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Veröffentlicht in:	IEEE transactions on magnetics 2005-10, Vol.41 (10), p.2721-2723
Hauptverfasser:	Ge, Shihui, Wang, Xinwei, Kou, Xiaoming, Zhou, Xueyun, Xi, Li, Zuo, Yalu, Yang, Xiaolin
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Sprache:	eng
Schlagworte:	Annealing III-V semiconductor materials Magnetic materials Magnetic moments Magnetic properties Magnetic semiconductors Nuclear magnetic resonance Powders Temperature X-ray lasers
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container_title	IEEE transactions on magnetics
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creator	Ge, Shihui Wang, Xinwei Kou, Xiaoming Zhou, Xueyun Xi, Li Zuo, Yalu Yang, Xiaolin
description	Co-doped TiO/sub 2/ system is one of the most promising candidates for room-temperature ferromagnetic semiconductors. However, the origin on its room-temperature ferromagnetism has not been totally understood. In this paper, Co/sub 0.04/Ti/sub 0.96/ O/sub 2/ powders were fabricated by sol-gel method. The structure and magnetic properties were investigated at different annealing conditions systematically with emphasis on the influence of oxygen pressure. Pure anatase structure was acquired for all samples annealed at 450/spl deg/C for 1 h except the one annealed in oxygen flow. The samples annealed in air exhibit evident room-temperature ferromagnetism with small magnetic moment of 0.029 /spl mu//sub B/ per Co atom, while the samples annealed in vacuum have strong ferromagnetism with larger magnetic moment of 1.18 /spl mu//sub B/ per Co atom. Zero field spin echo nuclear magnetic resonance spectrum of /sup 59/Co detected the existence of Co clusters in the latter samples, implying that the strong ferromagnetism in these samples annealed in vacuum comes from the Co clusters and is not the intrinsic property of the Co/sub 0.04/Ti/sub 0.96/O/sub 2/ materials.
doi_str_mv	10.1109/TMAG.2005.854683
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Zero field spin echo nuclear magnetic resonance spectrum of /sup 59/Co detected the existence of Co clusters in the latter samples, implying that the strong ferromagnetism in these samples annealed in vacuum comes from the Co clusters and is not the intrinsic property of the Co/sub 0.04/Ti/sub 0.96/O/sub 2/ materials.</description><identifier>ISSN: 0018-9464</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1941-0069</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1109/TMAG.2005.854683</identifier><identifier>CODEN: IEMGAQ</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>IEEE</publisher><subject>Annealing ; III-V semiconductor materials ; Magnetic materials ; Magnetic moments ; Magnetic properties ; Magnetic semiconductors ; Nuclear magnetic resonance ; Powders ; Temperature ; X-ray lasers</subject><ispartof>IEEE transactions on magnetics, 2005-10, Vol.41 (10), p.2721-2723</ispartof><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c1391-b043c7766d1c73b218a6ce3a4bb751fb66ecce9f1eb47c3fedfefc9bd34254733</citedby></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><linktohtml>$$Uhttps://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/1519100$$EHTML$$P50$$Gieee$$H</linktohtml><link.rule.ids>314,780,784,796,27924,27925,54758</link.rule.ids><linktorsrc>$$Uhttps://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/1519100$$EView_record_in_IEEE$$FView_record_in_$$GIEEE</linktorsrc></links><search><creatorcontrib>Ge, Shihui</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Wang, Xinwei</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Kou, Xiaoming</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Zhou, Xueyun</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Xi, Li</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Zuo, Yalu</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Yang, Xiaolin</creatorcontrib><title>Room-temperature ferromagnetism in Co/sub x/Ti/sub (1-x)/O/sub 2/ powders made by sol-gel method: a NMR study</title><title>IEEE transactions on magnetics</title><addtitle>TMAG</addtitle><description>Co-doped TiO/sub 2/ system is one of the most promising candidates for room-temperature ferromagnetic semiconductors. However, the origin on its room-temperature ferromagnetism has not been totally understood. In this paper, Co/sub 0.04/Ti/sub 0.96/ O/sub 2/ powders were fabricated by sol-gel method. The structure and magnetic properties were investigated at different annealing conditions systematically with emphasis on the influence of oxygen pressure. Pure anatase structure was acquired for all samples annealed at 450/spl deg/C for 1 h except the one annealed in oxygen flow. The samples annealed in air exhibit evident room-temperature ferromagnetism with small magnetic moment of 0.029 /spl mu//sub B/ per Co atom, while the samples annealed in vacuum have strong ferromagnetism with larger magnetic moment of 1.18 /spl mu//sub B/ per Co atom. Zero field spin echo nuclear magnetic resonance spectrum of /sup 59/Co detected the existence of Co clusters in the latter samples, implying that the strong ferromagnetism in these samples annealed in vacuum comes from the Co clusters and is not the intrinsic property of the Co/sub 0.04/Ti/sub 0.96/O/sub 2/ materials.</description><subject>Annealing</subject><subject>III-V semiconductor materials</subject><subject>Magnetic materials</subject><subject>Magnetic moments</subject><subject>Magnetic properties</subject><subject>Magnetic semiconductors</subject><subject>Nuclear magnetic resonance</subject><subject>Powders</subject><subject>Temperature</subject><subject>X-ray lasers</subject><issn>0018-9464</issn><issn>1941-0069</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2005</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><sourceid>RIE</sourceid><recordid>eNpFkEtLxDAUhYMoOI7uBTdZiS4yzW3SR9zJoKPgA2RclyS91UozqUmLzr93xhFc3XPhO2fxEXIKfAbAVbJ8vF7MUs6zWZnJvBR7ZAJKAuM8V_tkwjmUTMlcHpKjGD82r8yAT4h78d6xAV2PQQ9jQNpgCN7ptxUObXS0XdG5T-Jo6HeybH_DBbDvy-T5N6cJ7f1XjSFSp2ukZk2j79gbdtTh8O7rK6rp0-MLjcNYr4_JQaO7iCd_d0peb2-W8zv28Ly4n18_MAtCATNcClsUeV6DLYRJodS5RaGlMUUGjclztBZVA2hkYUWDdYONVaYWMs1kIcSUnO92--A_R4xD5dposev0Cv0Yq7TkRZoq2IB8B9rgYwzYVH1onQ7rCni19VptvVZbr9XO66Zytqu0iPiPZ6CAc_EDlF9ziQ</recordid><startdate>200510</startdate><enddate>200510</enddate><creator>Ge, Shihui</creator><creator>Wang, Xinwei</creator><creator>Kou, Xiaoming</creator><creator>Zhou, Xueyun</creator><creator>Xi, Li</creator><creator>Zuo, Yalu</creator><creator>Yang, Xiaolin</creator><general>IEEE</general><scope>97E</scope><scope>RIA</scope><scope>RIE</scope><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>7U5</scope><scope>8FD</scope><scope>L7M</scope></search><sort><creationdate>200510</creationdate><title>Room-temperature ferromagnetism in Co/sub x/Ti/sub (1-x)/O/sub 2/ powders made by sol-gel method: a NMR study</title><author>Ge, Shihui ; Wang, Xinwei ; Kou, Xiaoming ; Zhou, Xueyun ; Xi, Li ; Zuo, Yalu ; Yang, Xiaolin</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c1391-b043c7766d1c73b218a6ce3a4bb751fb66ecce9f1eb47c3fedfefc9bd34254733</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2005</creationdate><topic>Annealing</topic><topic>III-V semiconductor materials</topic><topic>Magnetic materials</topic><topic>Magnetic moments</topic><topic>Magnetic properties</topic><topic>Magnetic semiconductors</topic><topic>Nuclear magnetic resonance</topic><topic>Powders</topic><topic>Temperature</topic><topic>X-ray lasers</topic><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Ge, Shihui</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Wang, Xinwei</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Kou, Xiaoming</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Zhou, Xueyun</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Xi, Li</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Zuo, Yalu</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Yang, Xiaolin</creatorcontrib><collection>IEEE All-Society Periodicals Package (ASPP) 2005-present</collection><collection>IEEE All-Society Periodicals Package (ASPP) 1998-Present</collection><collection>IEEE Electronic Library (IEL)</collection><collection>CrossRef</collection><collection>Solid State and Superconductivity Abstracts</collection><collection>Technology Research Database</collection><collection>Advanced Technologies Database with Aerospace</collection><jtitle>IEEE transactions on magnetics</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext_linktorsrc</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Ge, Shihui</au><au>Wang, Xinwei</au><au>Kou, Xiaoming</au><au>Zhou, Xueyun</au><au>Xi, Li</au><au>Zuo, Yalu</au><au>Yang, Xiaolin</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Room-temperature ferromagnetism in Co/sub x/Ti/sub (1-x)/O/sub 2/ powders made by sol-gel method: a NMR study</atitle><jtitle>IEEE transactions on magnetics</jtitle><stitle>TMAG</stitle><date>2005-10</date><risdate>2005</risdate><volume>41</volume><issue>10</issue><spage>2721</spage><epage>2723</epage><pages>2721-2723</pages><issn>0018-9464</issn><eissn>1941-0069</eissn><coden>IEMGAQ</coden><abstract>Co-doped TiO/sub 2/ system is one of the most promising candidates for room-temperature ferromagnetic semiconductors. However, the origin on its room-temperature ferromagnetism has not been totally understood. In this paper, Co/sub 0.04/Ti/sub 0.96/ O/sub 2/ powders were fabricated by sol-gel method. The structure and magnetic properties were investigated at different annealing conditions systematically with emphasis on the influence of oxygen pressure. Pure anatase structure was acquired for all samples annealed at 450/spl deg/C for 1 h except the one annealed in oxygen flow. The samples annealed in air exhibit evident room-temperature ferromagnetism with small magnetic moment of 0.029 /spl mu//sub B/ per Co atom, while the samples annealed in vacuum have strong ferromagnetism with larger magnetic moment of 1.18 /spl mu//sub B/ per Co atom. Zero field spin echo nuclear magnetic resonance spectrum of /sup 59/Co detected the existence of Co clusters in the latter samples, implying that the strong ferromagnetism in these samples annealed in vacuum comes from the Co clusters and is not the intrinsic property of the Co/sub 0.04/Ti/sub 0.96/O/sub 2/ materials.</abstract><pub>IEEE</pub><doi>10.1109/TMAG.2005.854683</doi><tpages>3</tpages></addata></record>
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subjects	Annealing III-V semiconductor materials Magnetic materials Magnetic moments Magnetic properties Magnetic semiconductors Nuclear magnetic resonance Powders Temperature X-ray lasers
title	Room-temperature ferromagnetism in Co/sub x/Ti/sub (1-x)/O/sub 2/ powders made by sol-gel method: a NMR study
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