A D-Band Differential Phase Shifter Based on a Transmission Delay Line With Variable Inductors and Capacitors
A transmission delay line (TDL) differential phase shifter (PS) with 5-bit resolution, operating at D-band frequencies (120-146 GHz), is proposed. It provides bi-directional 180° phase shift characteristics with 50~\Omega input/output impedances. It consists of eight LC cells. Each unit cell has a...
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| Veröffentlicht in: | IEEE microwave and wireless technology letters (Print) 2025-01, Vol.35 (1), p.59-62 |
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| creator | Kim, Ilgwon Koo, Hyunji Kim, Wansik Hong, Songcheol |
| description | A transmission delay line (TDL) differential phase shifter (PS) with 5-bit resolution, operating at D-band frequencies (120-146 GHz), is proposed. It provides bi-directional 180° phase shift characteristics with 50~\Omega input/output impedances. It consists of eight LC cells. Each unit cell has a series inductor and two shunt capacitors. The inductance is controlled with a switched coupled inductor (SCI), and the capacitances are controlled with variable capacitors. The 1st to 6th cells are identical, where a unit cell provides a 22.5° phase shift. The 7th and 8th cells are for phase shifts of 11.25°/22.5° and 5.625°/11.25°, respectively. These are achieved by using dual-switched coupled inductors (DSCI) and varactors in each cell. The proposed PS is designed in a 40-nm CMOS process, occupying 0.24 mm2 including I/O pads with a core size of 0.09 mm2. The maximum measured insertion loss was −17.2 dB at 142 GHz, and the loss variation across all 33 phases was within 1.5 dB. |
| doi_str_mv | 10.1109/LMWT.2024.3491760 |
| format | Article |
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It provides bi-directional 180° phase shift characteristics with <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">50~\Omega </tex-math></inline-formula> input/output impedances. It consists of eight LC cells. Each unit cell has a series inductor and two shunt capacitors. The inductance is controlled with a switched coupled inductor (SCI), and the capacitances are controlled with variable capacitors. The 1st to 6th cells are identical, where a unit cell provides a 22.5° phase shift. The 7th and 8th cells are for phase shifts of 11.25°/22.5° and 5.625°/11.25°, respectively. These are achieved by using dual-switched coupled inductors (DSCI) and varactors in each cell. The proposed PS is designed in a 40-nm CMOS process, occupying 0.24 mm2 including I/O pads with a core size of 0.09 mm2. The maximum measured insertion loss was −17.2 dB at 142 GHz, and the loss variation across all 33 phases was within 1.5 dB.</description><identifier>ISSN: 2771-957X</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 2771-9588</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1109/LMWT.2024.3491760</identifier><identifier>CODEN: IMWTAZ</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>Piscataway: IEEE</publisher><subject>Bidirectional control ; Capacitance ; D-band ; Delay lines ; Delays ; Inductance ; Inductors ; Insertion loss ; integrated circuits (ICs) ; Loss measurement ; millimeter wave ; Phase measurement ; Phase shift ; phase shifter (PS) ; Phase shifters ; Shunt capacitors ; Switches ; transmission delay line (TDL) ; Tuning ; Unit cell ; Varactors</subject><ispartof>IEEE microwave and wireless technology letters (Print), 2025-01, Vol.35 (1), p.59-62</ispartof><rights>Copyright The Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc. (IEEE) 2025</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c176t-268aba5f6a9efe6e1ea270c20dac9b11731c4c226b242f3279073dd3c8e5161c3</cites><orcidid>0000-0002-3675-1565 ; 0000-0002-8337-1821 ; 0000-0002-4340-4780</orcidid></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><linktohtml>$$Uhttps://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/10750490$$EHTML$$P50$$Gieee$$H</linktohtml><link.rule.ids>314,776,780,792,27901,27902,54733</link.rule.ids><linktorsrc>$$Uhttps://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/10750490$$EView_record_in_IEEE$$FView_record_in_$$GIEEE</linktorsrc></links><search><creatorcontrib>Kim, Ilgwon</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Koo, Hyunji</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Kim, Wansik</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Hong, Songcheol</creatorcontrib><title>A D-Band Differential Phase Shifter Based on a Transmission Delay Line With Variable Inductors and Capacitors</title><title>IEEE microwave and wireless technology letters (Print)</title><addtitle>LMWT</addtitle><description>A transmission delay line (TDL) differential phase shifter (PS) with 5-bit resolution, operating at D-band frequencies (120-146 GHz), is proposed. It provides bi-directional 180° phase shift characteristics with <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">50~\Omega </tex-math></inline-formula> input/output impedances. It consists of eight LC cells. Each unit cell has a series inductor and two shunt capacitors. The inductance is controlled with a switched coupled inductor (SCI), and the capacitances are controlled with variable capacitors. The 1st to 6th cells are identical, where a unit cell provides a 22.5° phase shift. The 7th and 8th cells are for phase shifts of 11.25°/22.5° and 5.625°/11.25°, respectively. These are achieved by using dual-switched coupled inductors (DSCI) and varactors in each cell. The proposed PS is designed in a 40-nm CMOS process, occupying 0.24 mm2 including I/O pads with a core size of 0.09 mm2. The maximum measured insertion loss was −17.2 dB at 142 GHz, and the loss variation across all 33 phases was within 1.5 dB.</description><subject>Bidirectional control</subject><subject>Capacitance</subject><subject>D-band</subject><subject>Delay lines</subject><subject>Delays</subject><subject>Inductance</subject><subject>Inductors</subject><subject>Insertion loss</subject><subject>integrated circuits (ICs)</subject><subject>Loss measurement</subject><subject>millimeter wave</subject><subject>Phase measurement</subject><subject>Phase shift</subject><subject>phase shifter (PS)</subject><subject>Phase shifters</subject><subject>Shunt capacitors</subject><subject>Switches</subject><subject>transmission delay line (TDL)</subject><subject>Tuning</subject><subject>Unit cell</subject><subject>Varactors</subject><issn>2771-957X</issn><issn>2771-9588</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2025</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><sourceid>RIE</sourceid><recordid>eNpNkM1Lw0AQxYMoWGr_AMHDgufUnd0kmz32w49CRcFqvYXJZkK3pEndTQ_9701oEU8zD957M_yC4Bb4GIDrh-XrejUWXERjGWlQCb8IBkIpCHWcppd_u_q-DkbebznnQicigXgQ7CZsHk6xLtjcliU5qluLFXvfoCf2sbFlS45NO1GwpmbIVg5rv7Pe207OqcIjW9qa2Nq2G_aFzmJeEVvUxcG0jfOsb57hHo3t5U1wVWLlaXSew-Dz6XE1ewmXb8-L2WQZmu77NhRJijnGZYKaSkoICIXiRvACjc4BlAQTGSGSXESilEJprmRRSJNSDAkYOQzuT7171_wcyLfZtjm4ujuZSYilFloDdC44uYxrvHdUZntnd-iOGfCsB5v1YLMebHYG22XuThlLRP_8KuaR5vIXDdlz5Q</recordid><startdate>202501</startdate><enddate>202501</enddate><creator>Kim, Ilgwon</creator><creator>Koo, Hyunji</creator><creator>Kim, Wansik</creator><creator>Hong, Songcheol</creator><general>IEEE</general><general>The Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc. (IEEE)</general><scope>97E</scope><scope>RIA</scope><scope>RIE</scope><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>7SP</scope><scope>8FD</scope><scope>L7M</scope><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3675-1565</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8337-1821</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4340-4780</orcidid></search><sort><creationdate>202501</creationdate><title>A D-Band Differential Phase Shifter Based on a Transmission Delay Line With Variable Inductors and Capacitors</title><author>Kim, Ilgwon ; Koo, Hyunji ; Kim, Wansik ; Hong, Songcheol</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c176t-268aba5f6a9efe6e1ea270c20dac9b11731c4c226b242f3279073dd3c8e5161c3</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2025</creationdate><topic>Bidirectional control</topic><topic>Capacitance</topic><topic>D-band</topic><topic>Delay lines</topic><topic>Delays</topic><topic>Inductance</topic><topic>Inductors</topic><topic>Insertion loss</topic><topic>integrated circuits (ICs)</topic><topic>Loss measurement</topic><topic>millimeter wave</topic><topic>Phase measurement</topic><topic>Phase shift</topic><topic>phase shifter (PS)</topic><topic>Phase shifters</topic><topic>Shunt capacitors</topic><topic>Switches</topic><topic>transmission delay line (TDL)</topic><topic>Tuning</topic><topic>Unit cell</topic><topic>Varactors</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Kim, Ilgwon</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Koo, Hyunji</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Kim, Wansik</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Hong, Songcheol</creatorcontrib><collection>IEEE All-Society Periodicals Package (ASPP) 2005-present</collection><collection>IEEE All-Society Periodicals Package (ASPP) 1998–Present</collection><collection>IEEE/IET Electronic Library</collection><collection>CrossRef</collection><collection>Electronics & Communications Abstracts</collection><collection>Technology Research Database</collection><collection>Advanced Technologies Database with Aerospace</collection><jtitle>IEEE microwave and wireless technology letters (Print)</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext_linktorsrc</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Kim, Ilgwon</au><au>Koo, Hyunji</au><au>Kim, Wansik</au><au>Hong, Songcheol</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>A D-Band Differential Phase Shifter Based on a Transmission Delay Line With Variable Inductors and Capacitors</atitle><jtitle>IEEE microwave and wireless technology letters (Print)</jtitle><stitle>LMWT</stitle><date>2025-01</date><risdate>2025</risdate><volume>35</volume><issue>1</issue><spage>59</spage><epage>62</epage><pages>59-62</pages><issn>2771-957X</issn><eissn>2771-9588</eissn><coden>IMWTAZ</coden><abstract>A transmission delay line (TDL) differential phase shifter (PS) with 5-bit resolution, operating at D-band frequencies (120-146 GHz), is proposed. It provides bi-directional 180° phase shift characteristics with <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">50~\Omega </tex-math></inline-formula> input/output impedances. It consists of eight LC cells. Each unit cell has a series inductor and two shunt capacitors. The inductance is controlled with a switched coupled inductor (SCI), and the capacitances are controlled with variable capacitors. The 1st to 6th cells are identical, where a unit cell provides a 22.5° phase shift. The 7th and 8th cells are for phase shifts of 11.25°/22.5° and 5.625°/11.25°, respectively. These are achieved by using dual-switched coupled inductors (DSCI) and varactors in each cell. The proposed PS is designed in a 40-nm CMOS process, occupying 0.24 mm2 including I/O pads with a core size of 0.09 mm2. The maximum measured insertion loss was −17.2 dB at 142 GHz, and the loss variation across all 33 phases was within 1.5 dB.</abstract><cop>Piscataway</cop><pub>IEEE</pub><doi>10.1109/LMWT.2024.3491760</doi><tpages>4</tpages><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3675-1565</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8337-1821</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4340-4780</orcidid></addata></record> |
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| identifier | ISSN: 2771-957X |
| ispartof | IEEE microwave and wireless technology letters (Print), 2025-01, Vol.35 (1), p.59-62 |
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| source | IEEE/IET Electronic Library |
| subjects | Bidirectional control Capacitance D-band Delay lines Delays Inductance Inductors Insertion loss integrated circuits (ICs) Loss measurement millimeter wave Phase measurement Phase shift phase shifter (PS) Phase shifters Shunt capacitors Switches transmission delay line (TDL) Tuning Unit cell Varactors |
| title | A D-Band Differential Phase Shifter Based on a Transmission Delay Line With Variable Inductors and Capacitors |
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