Prikaz slučajeva bruceloze svinja u Istri tijekom 2018. i 2019. godine

Slučajevi bruceloze redovito se opisuju u zemljma centralne i zapadne Europe. Bruceloza svinja se po svojoj pojavnosti unatrag dva desetljeća smatra endemskom bolesti u kontinentalnom dijelu Hrvatske u kojoj razvijeno intenzvno i ekstenzivno svinjogojstvo. Tijekom 2018. i 2019. godine na području sjeverozapadne Istre, kao uzrok pobačaja i tijekom kontrole susjednih stada, potvrđena je bruceloza svinja prouzročena vrstom B. suis bv. 2 u dva uzgoja. Dijagnostika bolesti provedena je serološkim pretragama, brucelinizacijom, bakteriološkom i molekularnim pretragama. Prema našim saznanjima, ovo je prvi opisani slučaj bruceloze domaćih svinja na području jedne hrvatske županije i dokaz da se kontrola ove bolesti mora provoditi osobito u slučajevima pobačaja. S obzirom da ne postoje službeni statusi stada slobodnih od bruceloze svinja u R. Hrvatskoj, sa stanovišta sigurnosti, uzgajivači bi pri uvođenju novih rasplodnih svinja u uzgoj obvezno trebali provoditi prethodnu kontrolu životinje i uzgoja iz kojeg dolazi te tražiti garancije na ovu bolest. S obzirom na sve veću popularnost ekstenzivnog načina uzgoja svinja, monitoringom bolesti u divljih životinja utvrdili bi se u pojedinim hrvatskim regijama i rizici i značenje prijenosa na domaće svinje. Swine brucellosis has been considered an endemic disease in Croatia for two decades, especially in continental areas characterized by pig production, both intensive and extensive. Furthermore, cases of the disease are regularly reported throughout Central and Western Europe. During 2018 and 2019, swine brucellosis caused by the species B. suis bv. 2 was confirmed on two pig farms located in northwestern Istria, as the cause of pig abortion and during controls of neighbouring herds. Diagnosis of the disease was performed by serological tests, Brucella skin intradermal test, bacteriological and molecular tests. To our knowledge, this is the first described case of brucellosis in domestic pigs in a coastal Croatian county and proof of the need for mandatory control of this disease in cases of abortion. Since no herds carry the official status of being free of swine brucellosis in the Republic of Croatia, from the safety perspective, breeders should introduce prior control of the animal and its breeding origin, and seek guarantees for this disease. Furthermore, considering the growing popularity of extensive methods of pig breeding, disease monitoring in wild animals would determine the risks and importance of transmission