Effect of restraint stress on food intake and body weight is determined by time of day
I. I. Rybkin, Y. Zhou, J. Volaufova, G. N. Smagin, D. H. Ryan and R. B. Harris Neuroscience Department, Pennington Biomedical Research Center, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge 70808, USA. Three experiments were conducted to investigate the effect of restraint stress applied at different times...
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| Veröffentlicht in: | American journal of physiology. Regulatory, integrative and comparative physiology integrative and comparative physiology, 1997-11, Vol.273 (5), p.1612-R1622 |
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| container_title | American journal of physiology. Regulatory, integrative and comparative physiology |
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| creator | Rybkin, I.I Zhou, Y Volaufova, J Smagin, G.N Ryan, D.H Harris, R.B.S |
| description | I. I. Rybkin, Y. Zhou, J. Volaufova, G. N. Smagin, D. H. Ryan and R. B. Harris
Neuroscience Department, Pennington Biomedical Research Center, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge 70808, USA.
Three experiments were conducted to investigate the effect of restraint
stress applied at different times of the light-dark cycle on feeding
behavior and body weight of rats. Sprague-Dawley rats were restrained for 3
h in restraining tubes either at the start or the end of the light cycle.
There was a significant reduction in food intake on the day of restraint
and no change in food intake during a 10-day recovery period in either
experiment. Reductions of food intake on the day of restraint were about
the same for both restrained groups compared with their controls. When
stress was applied in the evening, eating was inhibited during the first 2
h after restraint, whereas in rats restrained in the morning, feeding was
suppressed twice: during the 4 h after restraint and during the first 2 h
of the dark cycle. Restraint induced a significant weight loss that was
greater in the rats stressed in the morning. Neuropeptide Y (NPY) levels
determined at the time of food suppression for both experiments (beginning
of the dark cycle) revealed an elevation of NPY in the paraventricular
nucleus of rats stressed in the morning compared with other groups, but no
difference in hypothalamic NPY mRNA expression. Expression of uncoupling
protein mRNA in brown adipose tissue and leptin mRNA in epididymal fat,
measured at the start of the dark period, was not altered by stress. There
was an elevation of dopamine turnover in the hypothalami of rats restrained
at the end of light cycle, but not those restrained in the morning. These
results show that restraint stress has a greater effect on metabolism and
energy balance when it is applied in the morning. Additional studies are
needed to elucidate mechanisms involved in the suppression of food intake 9
h after restraint. |
| doi_str_mv | 10.1152/ajpregu.1997.273.5.r1612 |
| format | Article |
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Neuroscience Department, Pennington Biomedical Research Center, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge 70808, USA.
Three experiments were conducted to investigate the effect of restraint
stress applied at different times of the light-dark cycle on feeding
behavior and body weight of rats. Sprague-Dawley rats were restrained for 3
h in restraining tubes either at the start or the end of the light cycle.
There was a significant reduction in food intake on the day of restraint
and no change in food intake during a 10-day recovery period in either
experiment. Reductions of food intake on the day of restraint were about
the same for both restrained groups compared with their controls. When
stress was applied in the evening, eating was inhibited during the first 2
h after restraint, whereas in rats restrained in the morning, feeding was
suppressed twice: during the 4 h after restraint and during the first 2 h
of the dark cycle. Restraint induced a significant weight loss that was
greater in the rats stressed in the morning. Neuropeptide Y (NPY) levels
determined at the time of food suppression for both experiments (beginning
of the dark cycle) revealed an elevation of NPY in the paraventricular
nucleus of rats stressed in the morning compared with other groups, but no
difference in hypothalamic NPY mRNA expression. Expression of uncoupling
protein mRNA in brown adipose tissue and leptin mRNA in epididymal fat,
measured at the start of the dark period, was not altered by stress. There
was an elevation of dopamine turnover in the hypothalami of rats restrained
at the end of light cycle, but not those restrained in the morning. These
results show that restraint stress has a greater effect on metabolism and
energy balance when it is applied in the morning. Additional studies are
needed to elucidate mechanisms involved in the suppression of food intake 9
h after restraint.</description><identifier>ISSN: 0002-9513</identifier><identifier>ISSN: 0363-6119</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 2163-5773</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1522-1490</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1152/ajpregu.1997.273.5.r1612</identifier><identifier>PMID: 9374801</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>United States</publisher><subject>3,4-Dihydroxyphenylacetic Acid - metabolism ; Adipose Tissue - metabolism ; Animals ; Biogenic Monoamines - metabolism ; Body Weight ; Brain Stem - metabolism ; Circadian Rhythm ; Darkness ; DIURNAL RHYTHMS ; Dopamine - metabolism ; Energy Metabolism ; Epididymis ; Feeding Behavior - physiology ; FOOD INTAKE ; Hypothalamus - metabolism ; INGESTION DE ALIMENTOS ; Leptin ; Light ; Male ; Methoxyhydroxyphenylglycol - metabolism ; Neuropeptide Y - biosynthesis ; Neuropeptide Y - metabolism ; Norepinephrine - metabolism ; Paraventricular Hypothalamic Nucleus - metabolism ; PRISE ALIMENTAIRE (HOMME) ; Protein Biosynthesis ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Reference Values ; Restraint, Physical ; RNA, Messenger - biosynthesis ; Serotonin - metabolism ; Space life sciences ; Stress, Psychological ; Transcription, Genetic</subject><ispartof>American journal of physiology. Regulatory, integrative and comparative physiology, 1997-11, Vol.273 (5), p.1612-R1622</ispartof><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c488t-76c5ef33352c70fa8d04cb3da21535da2bf00fb263905cc75963bc20bc9378243</citedby><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c488t-76c5ef33352c70fa8d04cb3da21535da2bf00fb263905cc75963bc20bc9378243</cites></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><link.rule.ids>314,780,784,3039,27924,27925</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9374801$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><creatorcontrib>Rybkin, I.I</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Zhou, Y</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Volaufova, J</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Smagin, G.N</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Ryan, D.H</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Harris, R.B.S</creatorcontrib><title>Effect of restraint stress on food intake and body weight is determined by time of day</title><title>American journal of physiology. Regulatory, integrative and comparative physiology</title><addtitle>Am J Physiol</addtitle><description>I. I. Rybkin, Y. Zhou, J. Volaufova, G. N. Smagin, D. H. Ryan and R. B. Harris
Neuroscience Department, Pennington Biomedical Research Center, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge 70808, USA.
Three experiments were conducted to investigate the effect of restraint
stress applied at different times of the light-dark cycle on feeding
behavior and body weight of rats. Sprague-Dawley rats were restrained for 3
h in restraining tubes either at the start or the end of the light cycle.
There was a significant reduction in food intake on the day of restraint
and no change in food intake during a 10-day recovery period in either
experiment. Reductions of food intake on the day of restraint were about
the same for both restrained groups compared with their controls. When
stress was applied in the evening, eating was inhibited during the first 2
h after restraint, whereas in rats restrained in the morning, feeding was
suppressed twice: during the 4 h after restraint and during the first 2 h
of the dark cycle. Restraint induced a significant weight loss that was
greater in the rats stressed in the morning. Neuropeptide Y (NPY) levels
determined at the time of food suppression for both experiments (beginning
of the dark cycle) revealed an elevation of NPY in the paraventricular
nucleus of rats stressed in the morning compared with other groups, but no
difference in hypothalamic NPY mRNA expression. Expression of uncoupling
protein mRNA in brown adipose tissue and leptin mRNA in epididymal fat,
measured at the start of the dark period, was not altered by stress. There
was an elevation of dopamine turnover in the hypothalami of rats restrained
at the end of light cycle, but not those restrained in the morning. These
results show that restraint stress has a greater effect on metabolism and
energy balance when it is applied in the morning. Additional studies are
needed to elucidate mechanisms involved in the suppression of food intake 9
h after restraint.</description><subject>3,4-Dihydroxyphenylacetic Acid - metabolism</subject><subject>Adipose Tissue - metabolism</subject><subject>Animals</subject><subject>Biogenic Monoamines - metabolism</subject><subject>Body Weight</subject><subject>Brain Stem - metabolism</subject><subject>Circadian Rhythm</subject><subject>Darkness</subject><subject>DIURNAL RHYTHMS</subject><subject>Dopamine - metabolism</subject><subject>Energy Metabolism</subject><subject>Epididymis</subject><subject>Feeding Behavior - physiology</subject><subject>FOOD INTAKE</subject><subject>Hypothalamus - metabolism</subject><subject>INGESTION DE ALIMENTOS</subject><subject>Leptin</subject><subject>Light</subject><subject>Male</subject><subject>Methoxyhydroxyphenylglycol - metabolism</subject><subject>Neuropeptide Y - biosynthesis</subject><subject>Neuropeptide Y - metabolism</subject><subject>Norepinephrine - metabolism</subject><subject>Paraventricular Hypothalamic Nucleus - metabolism</subject><subject>PRISE ALIMENTAIRE (HOMME)</subject><subject>Protein Biosynthesis</subject><subject>Rats</subject><subject>Rats, Sprague-Dawley</subject><subject>Reference Values</subject><subject>Restraint, Physical</subject><subject>RNA, Messenger - biosynthesis</subject><subject>Serotonin - metabolism</subject><subject>Space life sciences</subject><subject>Stress, Psychological</subject><subject>Transcription, Genetic</subject><issn>0002-9513</issn><issn>0363-6119</issn><issn>2163-5773</issn><issn>1522-1490</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>1997</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><sourceid>EIF</sourceid><recordid>eNp1kE9v1DAQxS0EKkvhIyD5xC2p_8Rxwg1VLVSqhAQtV8uxx7suSRzsRCXfHke7FDhwGtlv3puZH0KYkpJSwS70wxRhv5S0bWXJJC9FGWlN2TO0Y7TmhZCSP0c7QggrWkH5S_QqpYf8pIJXZ-is5bJqCN2hb1fOgZlxcDhCmqP244xzhZRwGLELweL8pb8D1qPFXbArfgS_P8zYJ2xhhjj4EbKy4tkPsAVZvb5GL5zuE7w51XN0f311d_mpuP388ebyw21hqqaZC1kbAY5zLpiRxOnGksp03GqW9xS5dI4Q17Gat0QYI0Vb884w0pl8QMMqfo7eHXOnGH4s-QA1-GSg7_UIYUlKthWTDd0am2OjiSGlCE5N0Q86rooStSFVJ6RqQ6oyUiXUlw1ptr49zVi6AeyT8cQw6-VRP2Qsjz6Cmg5r8qEP-_Up9d_A9_83XC99fwc_59_Ov4xqsu7PNk4HpffRJ3X_dduZ1E0rav4L6wajJg</recordid><startdate>19971101</startdate><enddate>19971101</enddate><creator>Rybkin, I.I</creator><creator>Zhou, Y</creator><creator>Volaufova, J</creator><creator>Smagin, G.N</creator><creator>Ryan, D.H</creator><creator>Harris, R.B.S</creator><scope>FBQ</scope><scope>CGR</scope><scope>CUY</scope><scope>CVF</scope><scope>ECM</scope><scope>EIF</scope><scope>NPM</scope><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>7X8</scope></search><sort><creationdate>19971101</creationdate><title>Effect of restraint stress on food intake and body weight is determined by time of day</title><author>Rybkin, I.I ; Zhou, Y ; Volaufova, J ; Smagin, G.N ; Ryan, D.H ; Harris, R.B.S</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c488t-76c5ef33352c70fa8d04cb3da21535da2bf00fb263905cc75963bc20bc9378243</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>1997</creationdate><topic>3,4-Dihydroxyphenylacetic Acid - metabolism</topic><topic>Adipose Tissue - metabolism</topic><topic>Animals</topic><topic>Biogenic Monoamines - metabolism</topic><topic>Body Weight</topic><topic>Brain Stem - metabolism</topic><topic>Circadian Rhythm</topic><topic>Darkness</topic><topic>DIURNAL RHYTHMS</topic><topic>Dopamine - metabolism</topic><topic>Energy Metabolism</topic><topic>Epididymis</topic><topic>Feeding Behavior - physiology</topic><topic>FOOD INTAKE</topic><topic>Hypothalamus - metabolism</topic><topic>INGESTION DE ALIMENTOS</topic><topic>Leptin</topic><topic>Light</topic><topic>Male</topic><topic>Methoxyhydroxyphenylglycol - metabolism</topic><topic>Neuropeptide Y - biosynthesis</topic><topic>Neuropeptide Y - metabolism</topic><topic>Norepinephrine - metabolism</topic><topic>Paraventricular Hypothalamic Nucleus - metabolism</topic><topic>PRISE ALIMENTAIRE (HOMME)</topic><topic>Protein Biosynthesis</topic><topic>Rats</topic><topic>Rats, Sprague-Dawley</topic><topic>Reference Values</topic><topic>Restraint, Physical</topic><topic>RNA, Messenger - biosynthesis</topic><topic>Serotonin - metabolism</topic><topic>Space life sciences</topic><topic>Stress, Psychological</topic><topic>Transcription, Genetic</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Rybkin, I.I</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Zhou, Y</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Volaufova, J</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Smagin, G.N</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Ryan, D.H</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Harris, R.B.S</creatorcontrib><collection>AGRIS</collection><collection>Medline</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE (Ovid)</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>PubMed</collection><collection>CrossRef</collection><collection>MEDLINE - Academic</collection><jtitle>American journal of physiology. Regulatory, integrative and comparative physiology</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Rybkin, I.I</au><au>Zhou, Y</au><au>Volaufova, J</au><au>Smagin, G.N</au><au>Ryan, D.H</au><au>Harris, R.B.S</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Effect of restraint stress on food intake and body weight is determined by time of day</atitle><jtitle>American journal of physiology. Regulatory, integrative and comparative physiology</jtitle><addtitle>Am J Physiol</addtitle><date>1997-11-01</date><risdate>1997</risdate><volume>273</volume><issue>5</issue><spage>1612</spage><epage>R1622</epage><pages>1612-R1622</pages><issn>0002-9513</issn><issn>0363-6119</issn><eissn>2163-5773</eissn><eissn>1522-1490</eissn><abstract>I. I. Rybkin, Y. Zhou, J. Volaufova, G. N. Smagin, D. H. Ryan and R. B. Harris
Neuroscience Department, Pennington Biomedical Research Center, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge 70808, USA.
Three experiments were conducted to investigate the effect of restraint
stress applied at different times of the light-dark cycle on feeding
behavior and body weight of rats. Sprague-Dawley rats were restrained for 3
h in restraining tubes either at the start or the end of the light cycle.
There was a significant reduction in food intake on the day of restraint
and no change in food intake during a 10-day recovery period in either
experiment. Reductions of food intake on the day of restraint were about
the same for both restrained groups compared with their controls. When
stress was applied in the evening, eating was inhibited during the first 2
h after restraint, whereas in rats restrained in the morning, feeding was
suppressed twice: during the 4 h after restraint and during the first 2 h
of the dark cycle. Restraint induced a significant weight loss that was
greater in the rats stressed in the morning. Neuropeptide Y (NPY) levels
determined at the time of food suppression for both experiments (beginning
of the dark cycle) revealed an elevation of NPY in the paraventricular
nucleus of rats stressed in the morning compared with other groups, but no
difference in hypothalamic NPY mRNA expression. Expression of uncoupling
protein mRNA in brown adipose tissue and leptin mRNA in epididymal fat,
measured at the start of the dark period, was not altered by stress. There
was an elevation of dopamine turnover in the hypothalami of rats restrained
at the end of light cycle, but not those restrained in the morning. These
results show that restraint stress has a greater effect on metabolism and
energy balance when it is applied in the morning. Additional studies are
needed to elucidate mechanisms involved in the suppression of food intake 9
h after restraint.</abstract><cop>United States</cop><pmid>9374801</pmid><doi>10.1152/ajpregu.1997.273.5.r1612</doi></addata></record> |
| fulltext | fulltext |
| identifier | ISSN: 0002-9513 |
| ispartof | American journal of physiology. Regulatory, integrative and comparative physiology, 1997-11, Vol.273 (5), p.1612-R1622 |
| issn | 0002-9513 0363-6119 2163-5773 1522-1490 |
| language | eng |
| recordid | cdi_highwire_physiology_ajpregu_273_5_R1612 |
| source | MEDLINE; American Physiological Society; Elektronische Zeitschriftenbibliothek - Frei zugängliche E-Journals; Alma/SFX Local Collection |
| subjects | 3,4-Dihydroxyphenylacetic Acid - metabolism Adipose Tissue - metabolism Animals Biogenic Monoamines - metabolism Body Weight Brain Stem - metabolism Circadian Rhythm Darkness DIURNAL RHYTHMS Dopamine - metabolism Energy Metabolism Epididymis Feeding Behavior - physiology FOOD INTAKE Hypothalamus - metabolism INGESTION DE ALIMENTOS Leptin Light Male Methoxyhydroxyphenylglycol - metabolism Neuropeptide Y - biosynthesis Neuropeptide Y - metabolism Norepinephrine - metabolism Paraventricular Hypothalamic Nucleus - metabolism PRISE ALIMENTAIRE (HOMME) Protein Biosynthesis Rats Rats, Sprague-Dawley Reference Values Restraint, Physical RNA, Messenger - biosynthesis Serotonin - metabolism Space life sciences Stress, Psychological Transcription, Genetic |
| title | Effect of restraint stress on food intake and body weight is determined by time of day |
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