Bacillus DNA in fossil bees: an ancient symbiosis?
We report here the isolation of DNA from abdominal tissue of four extinct stingless bees (Proplebeia dominicana) in Dominican amber, PCR amplification of a 546-bp fragment of the 16S rRNA gene from Bacillus spp., and their corresponding nucleotide sequences. These sequences were used in basic local...
Gespeichert in:
| Veröffentlicht in: | Applied and Environmental Microbiology 1994-06, Vol.60 (6), p.2164-2167 |
|---|---|
| Hauptverfasser: | , , , , , |
| Format: | Artikel |
| Sprache: | eng |
| Schlagworte: | |
| Online-Zugang: | Volltext |
| Tags: |
Tag hinzufügen
Keine Tags, Fügen Sie den ersten Tag hinzu!
|
| container_end_page | 2167 |
|---|---|
| container_issue | 6 |
| container_start_page | 2164 |
| container_title | Applied and Environmental Microbiology |
| container_volume | 60 |
| creator | Cano, R.J Borucki, M.K Higby-Schweitzer, M Poinar, H.N Poinar, G.O. Jr Pollard, K.J |
| description | We report here the isolation of DNA from abdominal tissue of four extinct stingless bees (Proplebeia dominicana) in Dominican amber, PCR amplification of a 546-bp fragment of the 16S rRNA gene from Bacillus spp., and their corresponding nucleotide sequences. These sequences were used in basic local alignment search tool searches of nonredundant nucleic acid data bases, and the highest scores were obtained with 16S rRNA sequences from Bacillus spp. Phylogenetic inference analysis by the maximum-likelihood method revealed close phylogenetic relationships of the four presumed ancient Bacillus sequences with Bacillus pumilus, B. firmus, B. subtilis, and B. circulans. These four extant Bacillus spp. are commonly isolated from abdominal tissue of stingless bees. The close phylogenetic association of the extracted DNA sequences with these bee colonizers suggests that a similar bee-Bacillus association existed in the extinct species P. dominicana. |
| doi_str_mv | 10.1128/AEM.60.6.2164-2167.1994 |
| format | Article |
| fullrecord | <record><control><sourceid>proquest_highw</sourceid><recordid>TN_cdi_highwire_asm_aem_60_6_2164</recordid><sourceformat>XML</sourceformat><sourcesystem>PC</sourcesystem><sourcerecordid>16968597</sourcerecordid><originalsourceid>FETCH-LOGICAL-c602t-9bbd0dec81014f0880a1b6d3efc2aee39d8de85c54c228c726352e704da79b9c3</originalsourceid><addsrcrecordid>eNqFkVtv1DAQhS0EKtuFn4AaEOpbwthOfEFCaCktIBV4gD5bjuPsusql2Jui_vtOtKsV7QuSZT_Md2bG5xByQqGglKl3q_PvhYBCFIyKMsdLFlTr8glZUNAqrzgXT8kCQOucsRKek-OUrgGgBKGOyJECTimwBWGfrAtdN6Xs849VFoasHVMKXVZ7n95ndsDjgh-2Wbrr6zCmkD6-IM9a2yX_cv8uydXF-e-zr_nlzy_fzlaXuRPAtrmu6wYa7xQFWragFFhai4b71jHrPdeNaryqXFU6xpSTTPCKeQllY6WuteNL8mHX92aqe9843CLaztzE0Nt4Z0YbzMPKEDZmPd4aBlRQhfrTvT6OfyaftqYPyfmus4Mfp2SkqLSsNPsvSIUWClkE3zwCr8cpDmgCzsROiqHvSyJ3kItoZfTtYWMKZs7OWN8bAUaYObv5kmbODpWv_v3wQbcPC-tv93WbnO3aOGeTDlhJK64qgdjrHbYJ683fEL2xqX84FJmTHdPa0dh1xDZXv9A3jllpkErye3J7tXY</addsrcrecordid><sourcetype>Open Access Repository</sourcetype><iscdi>true</iscdi><recordtype>article</recordtype><pqid>205928253</pqid></control><display><type>article</type><title>Bacillus DNA in fossil bees: an ancient symbiosis?</title><source>American Society for Microbiology</source><source>MEDLINE</source><source>PubMed Central</source><source>Alma/SFX Local Collection</source><creator>Cano, R.J ; Borucki, M.K ; Higby-Schweitzer, M ; Poinar, H.N ; Poinar, G.O. Jr ; Pollard, K.J</creator><creatorcontrib>Cano, R.J ; Borucki, M.K ; Higby-Schweitzer, M ; Poinar, H.N ; Poinar, G.O. Jr ; Pollard, K.J</creatorcontrib><description>We report here the isolation of DNA from abdominal tissue of four extinct stingless bees (Proplebeia dominicana) in Dominican amber, PCR amplification of a 546-bp fragment of the 16S rRNA gene from Bacillus spp., and their corresponding nucleotide sequences. These sequences were used in basic local alignment search tool searches of nonredundant nucleic acid data bases, and the highest scores were obtained with 16S rRNA sequences from Bacillus spp. Phylogenetic inference analysis by the maximum-likelihood method revealed close phylogenetic relationships of the four presumed ancient Bacillus sequences with Bacillus pumilus, B. firmus, B. subtilis, and B. circulans. These four extant Bacillus spp. are commonly isolated from abdominal tissue of stingless bees. The close phylogenetic association of the extracted DNA sequences with these bee colonizers suggests that a similar bee-Bacillus association existed in the extinct species P. dominicana.</description><identifier>ISSN: 0099-2240</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1098-5336</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1128/AEM.60.6.2164-2167.1994</identifier><identifier>PMID: 8031102</identifier><identifier>CODEN: AEMIDF</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>Washington, DC: American Society for Microbiology</publisher><subject>abdomen ; amber ; Animals ; Apidae ; Bacillus ; Bacillus (bacteria) ; Bacillus - genetics ; Bacillus - isolation & purification ; Bacteria ; Bacteriology ; Base Sequence ; Bees ; Bees - microbiology ; Biological and medical sciences ; Biology of microorganisms of confirmed or potential industrial interest ; Biotechnology ; Cellular biology ; Deoxyribonucleic acid ; DNA ; DNA, Bacterial - genetics ; DNA, Bacterial - isolation & purification ; Endangered & extinct species ; Fossils ; Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology ; genbank/x55059 ; genbank/x55063 ; genbank/x60603 ; genbank/x60604 ; genbank/x60605 ; genbank/x60606 ; genbank/x60608 ; genbank/x60609 ; genbank/x60610 ; genbank/x60612 ; genbank/x60614 ; genbank/x60615 ; genbank/x60616 ; genbank/x60617 ; genbank/x60618 ; genbank/x60619 ; genbank/x60620 ; genbank/x60621 ; genbank/x60623 ; genbank/x60624 ; genbank/x60628 ; genbank/x60629 ; genbank/x60631 ; genbank/x60632 ; genbank/x60633 ; genbank/x60637 ; genbank/x60638 ; genbank/x60639 ; genbank/x60644 ; genbank/x60646t ; genes ; Genetics ; isolation ; Microbiology ; Mission oriented research ; Molecular Sequence Data ; nucleotide sequences ; paleontology ; Phylogeny ; Polymerase Chain Reaction ; ribosomal DNA ; ribosomal RNA ; symbionts ; Symbiosis ; Systematics</subject><ispartof>Applied and Environmental Microbiology, 1994-06, Vol.60 (6), p.2164-2167</ispartof><rights>1994 INIST-CNRS</rights><rights>Copyright American Society for Microbiology Jun 1994</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><oa>free_for_read</oa><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c602t-9bbd0dec81014f0880a1b6d3efc2aee39d8de85c54c228c726352e704da79b9c3</citedby></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><linktopdf>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC201618/pdf/$$EPDF$$P50$$Gpubmedcentral$$H</linktopdf><linktohtml>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC201618/$$EHTML$$P50$$Gpubmedcentral$$H</linktohtml><link.rule.ids>230,315,728,781,785,886,3189,3190,27928,27929,53795,53797</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttp://pascal-francis.inist.fr/vibad/index.php?action=getRecordDetail&idt=4153856$$DView record in Pascal Francis$$Hfree_for_read</backlink><backlink>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8031102$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><creatorcontrib>Cano, R.J</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Borucki, M.K</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Higby-Schweitzer, M</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Poinar, H.N</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Poinar, G.O. Jr</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Pollard, K.J</creatorcontrib><title>Bacillus DNA in fossil bees: an ancient symbiosis?</title><title>Applied and Environmental Microbiology</title><addtitle>Appl Environ Microbiol</addtitle><description>We report here the isolation of DNA from abdominal tissue of four extinct stingless bees (Proplebeia dominicana) in Dominican amber, PCR amplification of a 546-bp fragment of the 16S rRNA gene from Bacillus spp., and their corresponding nucleotide sequences. These sequences were used in basic local alignment search tool searches of nonredundant nucleic acid data bases, and the highest scores were obtained with 16S rRNA sequences from Bacillus spp. Phylogenetic inference analysis by the maximum-likelihood method revealed close phylogenetic relationships of the four presumed ancient Bacillus sequences with Bacillus pumilus, B. firmus, B. subtilis, and B. circulans. These four extant Bacillus spp. are commonly isolated from abdominal tissue of stingless bees. The close phylogenetic association of the extracted DNA sequences with these bee colonizers suggests that a similar bee-Bacillus association existed in the extinct species P. dominicana.</description><subject>abdomen</subject><subject>amber</subject><subject>Animals</subject><subject>Apidae</subject><subject>Bacillus</subject><subject>Bacillus (bacteria)</subject><subject>Bacillus - genetics</subject><subject>Bacillus - isolation & purification</subject><subject>Bacteria</subject><subject>Bacteriology</subject><subject>Base Sequence</subject><subject>Bees</subject><subject>Bees - microbiology</subject><subject>Biological and medical sciences</subject><subject>Biology of microorganisms of confirmed or potential industrial interest</subject><subject>Biotechnology</subject><subject>Cellular biology</subject><subject>Deoxyribonucleic acid</subject><subject>DNA</subject><subject>DNA, Bacterial - genetics</subject><subject>DNA, Bacterial - isolation & purification</subject><subject>Endangered & extinct species</subject><subject>Fossils</subject><subject>Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology</subject><subject>genbank/x55059</subject><subject>genbank/x55063</subject><subject>genbank/x60603</subject><subject>genbank/x60604</subject><subject>genbank/x60605</subject><subject>genbank/x60606</subject><subject>genbank/x60608</subject><subject>genbank/x60609</subject><subject>genbank/x60610</subject><subject>genbank/x60612</subject><subject>genbank/x60614</subject><subject>genbank/x60615</subject><subject>genbank/x60616</subject><subject>genbank/x60617</subject><subject>genbank/x60618</subject><subject>genbank/x60619</subject><subject>genbank/x60620</subject><subject>genbank/x60621</subject><subject>genbank/x60623</subject><subject>genbank/x60624</subject><subject>genbank/x60628</subject><subject>genbank/x60629</subject><subject>genbank/x60631</subject><subject>genbank/x60632</subject><subject>genbank/x60633</subject><subject>genbank/x60637</subject><subject>genbank/x60638</subject><subject>genbank/x60639</subject><subject>genbank/x60644</subject><subject>genbank/x60646t</subject><subject>genes</subject><subject>Genetics</subject><subject>isolation</subject><subject>Microbiology</subject><subject>Mission oriented research</subject><subject>Molecular Sequence Data</subject><subject>nucleotide sequences</subject><subject>paleontology</subject><subject>Phylogeny</subject><subject>Polymerase Chain Reaction</subject><subject>ribosomal DNA</subject><subject>ribosomal RNA</subject><subject>symbionts</subject><subject>Symbiosis</subject><subject>Systematics</subject><issn>0099-2240</issn><issn>1098-5336</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>1994</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><sourceid>EIF</sourceid><recordid>eNqFkVtv1DAQhS0EKtuFn4AaEOpbwthOfEFCaCktIBV4gD5bjuPsusql2Jui_vtOtKsV7QuSZT_Md2bG5xByQqGglKl3q_PvhYBCFIyKMsdLFlTr8glZUNAqrzgXT8kCQOucsRKek-OUrgGgBKGOyJECTimwBWGfrAtdN6Xs849VFoasHVMKXVZ7n95ndsDjgh-2Wbrr6zCmkD6-IM9a2yX_cv8uydXF-e-zr_nlzy_fzlaXuRPAtrmu6wYa7xQFWragFFhai4b71jHrPdeNaryqXFU6xpSTTPCKeQllY6WuteNL8mHX92aqe9843CLaztzE0Nt4Z0YbzMPKEDZmPd4aBlRQhfrTvT6OfyaftqYPyfmus4Mfp2SkqLSsNPsvSIUWClkE3zwCr8cpDmgCzsROiqHvSyJ3kItoZfTtYWMKZs7OWN8bAUaYObv5kmbODpWv_v3wQbcPC-tv93WbnO3aOGeTDlhJK64qgdjrHbYJ683fEL2xqX84FJmTHdPa0dh1xDZXv9A3jllpkErye3J7tXY</recordid><startdate>19940601</startdate><enddate>19940601</enddate><creator>Cano, R.J</creator><creator>Borucki, M.K</creator><creator>Higby-Schweitzer, M</creator><creator>Poinar, H.N</creator><creator>Poinar, G.O. Jr</creator><creator>Pollard, K.J</creator><general>American Society for Microbiology</general><scope>FBQ</scope><scope>IQODW</scope><scope>CGR</scope><scope>CUY</scope><scope>CVF</scope><scope>ECM</scope><scope>EIF</scope><scope>NPM</scope><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>7QL</scope><scope>7QO</scope><scope>7SN</scope><scope>7SS</scope><scope>7ST</scope><scope>7T7</scope><scope>7TM</scope><scope>7U9</scope><scope>8FD</scope><scope>C1K</scope><scope>FR3</scope><scope>H94</scope><scope>M7N</scope><scope>P64</scope><scope>RC3</scope><scope>SOI</scope><scope>7X8</scope><scope>5PM</scope></search><sort><creationdate>19940601</creationdate><title>Bacillus DNA in fossil bees: an ancient symbiosis?</title><author>Cano, R.J ; Borucki, M.K ; Higby-Schweitzer, M ; Poinar, H.N ; Poinar, G.O. Jr ; Pollard, K.J</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c602t-9bbd0dec81014f0880a1b6d3efc2aee39d8de85c54c228c726352e704da79b9c3</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>1994</creationdate><topic>abdomen</topic><topic>amber</topic><topic>Animals</topic><topic>Apidae</topic><topic>Bacillus</topic><topic>Bacillus (bacteria)</topic><topic>Bacillus - genetics</topic><topic>Bacillus - isolation & purification</topic><topic>Bacteria</topic><topic>Bacteriology</topic><topic>Base Sequence</topic><topic>Bees</topic><topic>Bees - microbiology</topic><topic>Biological and medical sciences</topic><topic>Biology of microorganisms of confirmed or potential industrial interest</topic><topic>Biotechnology</topic><topic>Cellular biology</topic><topic>Deoxyribonucleic acid</topic><topic>DNA</topic><topic>DNA, Bacterial - genetics</topic><topic>DNA, Bacterial - isolation & purification</topic><topic>Endangered & extinct species</topic><topic>Fossils</topic><topic>Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology</topic><topic>genbank/x55059</topic><topic>genbank/x55063</topic><topic>genbank/x60603</topic><topic>genbank/x60604</topic><topic>genbank/x60605</topic><topic>genbank/x60606</topic><topic>genbank/x60608</topic><topic>genbank/x60609</topic><topic>genbank/x60610</topic><topic>genbank/x60612</topic><topic>genbank/x60614</topic><topic>genbank/x60615</topic><topic>genbank/x60616</topic><topic>genbank/x60617</topic><topic>genbank/x60618</topic><topic>genbank/x60619</topic><topic>genbank/x60620</topic><topic>genbank/x60621</topic><topic>genbank/x60623</topic><topic>genbank/x60624</topic><topic>genbank/x60628</topic><topic>genbank/x60629</topic><topic>genbank/x60631</topic><topic>genbank/x60632</topic><topic>genbank/x60633</topic><topic>genbank/x60637</topic><topic>genbank/x60638</topic><topic>genbank/x60639</topic><topic>genbank/x60644</topic><topic>genbank/x60646t</topic><topic>genes</topic><topic>Genetics</topic><topic>isolation</topic><topic>Microbiology</topic><topic>Mission oriented research</topic><topic>Molecular Sequence Data</topic><topic>nucleotide sequences</topic><topic>paleontology</topic><topic>Phylogeny</topic><topic>Polymerase Chain Reaction</topic><topic>ribosomal DNA</topic><topic>ribosomal RNA</topic><topic>symbionts</topic><topic>Symbiosis</topic><topic>Systematics</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Cano, R.J</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Borucki, M.K</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Higby-Schweitzer, M</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Poinar, H.N</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Poinar, G.O. Jr</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Pollard, K.J</creatorcontrib><collection>AGRIS</collection><collection>Pascal-Francis</collection><collection>Medline</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE (Ovid)</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>PubMed</collection><collection>CrossRef</collection><collection>Bacteriology Abstracts (Microbiology B)</collection><collection>Biotechnology Research Abstracts</collection><collection>Ecology Abstracts</collection><collection>Entomology Abstracts (Full archive)</collection><collection>Environment Abstracts</collection><collection>Industrial and Applied Microbiology Abstracts (Microbiology A)</collection><collection>Nucleic Acids Abstracts</collection><collection>Virology and AIDS Abstracts</collection><collection>Technology Research Database</collection><collection>Environmental Sciences and Pollution Management</collection><collection>Engineering Research Database</collection><collection>AIDS and Cancer Research Abstracts</collection><collection>Algology Mycology and Protozoology Abstracts (Microbiology C)</collection><collection>Biotechnology and BioEngineering Abstracts</collection><collection>Genetics Abstracts</collection><collection>Environment Abstracts</collection><collection>MEDLINE - Academic</collection><collection>PubMed Central (Full Participant titles)</collection><jtitle>Applied and Environmental Microbiology</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Cano, R.J</au><au>Borucki, M.K</au><au>Higby-Schweitzer, M</au><au>Poinar, H.N</au><au>Poinar, G.O. Jr</au><au>Pollard, K.J</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Bacillus DNA in fossil bees: an ancient symbiosis?</atitle><jtitle>Applied and Environmental Microbiology</jtitle><addtitle>Appl Environ Microbiol</addtitle><date>1994-06-01</date><risdate>1994</risdate><volume>60</volume><issue>6</issue><spage>2164</spage><epage>2167</epage><pages>2164-2167</pages><issn>0099-2240</issn><eissn>1098-5336</eissn><coden>AEMIDF</coden><abstract>We report here the isolation of DNA from abdominal tissue of four extinct stingless bees (Proplebeia dominicana) in Dominican amber, PCR amplification of a 546-bp fragment of the 16S rRNA gene from Bacillus spp., and their corresponding nucleotide sequences. These sequences were used in basic local alignment search tool searches of nonredundant nucleic acid data bases, and the highest scores were obtained with 16S rRNA sequences from Bacillus spp. Phylogenetic inference analysis by the maximum-likelihood method revealed close phylogenetic relationships of the four presumed ancient Bacillus sequences with Bacillus pumilus, B. firmus, B. subtilis, and B. circulans. These four extant Bacillus spp. are commonly isolated from abdominal tissue of stingless bees. The close phylogenetic association of the extracted DNA sequences with these bee colonizers suggests that a similar bee-Bacillus association existed in the extinct species P. dominicana.</abstract><cop>Washington, DC</cop><pub>American Society for Microbiology</pub><pmid>8031102</pmid><doi>10.1128/AEM.60.6.2164-2167.1994</doi><tpages>4</tpages><oa>free_for_read</oa></addata></record> |
| fulltext | fulltext |
| identifier | ISSN: 0099-2240 |
| ispartof | Applied and Environmental Microbiology, 1994-06, Vol.60 (6), p.2164-2167 |
| issn | 0099-2240 1098-5336 |
| language | eng |
| recordid | cdi_highwire_asm_aem_60_6_2164 |
| source | American Society for Microbiology; MEDLINE; PubMed Central; Alma/SFX Local Collection |
| subjects | abdomen amber Animals Apidae Bacillus Bacillus (bacteria) Bacillus - genetics Bacillus - isolation & purification Bacteria Bacteriology Base Sequence Bees Bees - microbiology Biological and medical sciences Biology of microorganisms of confirmed or potential industrial interest Biotechnology Cellular biology Deoxyribonucleic acid DNA DNA, Bacterial - genetics DNA, Bacterial - isolation & purification Endangered & extinct species Fossils Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology genbank/x55059 genbank/x55063 genbank/x60603 genbank/x60604 genbank/x60605 genbank/x60606 genbank/x60608 genbank/x60609 genbank/x60610 genbank/x60612 genbank/x60614 genbank/x60615 genbank/x60616 genbank/x60617 genbank/x60618 genbank/x60619 genbank/x60620 genbank/x60621 genbank/x60623 genbank/x60624 genbank/x60628 genbank/x60629 genbank/x60631 genbank/x60632 genbank/x60633 genbank/x60637 genbank/x60638 genbank/x60639 genbank/x60644 genbank/x60646t genes Genetics isolation Microbiology Mission oriented research Molecular Sequence Data nucleotide sequences paleontology Phylogeny Polymerase Chain Reaction ribosomal DNA ribosomal RNA symbionts Symbiosis Systematics |
| title | Bacillus DNA in fossil bees: an ancient symbiosis? |
| url | https://sfx.bib-bvb.de/sfx_tum?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&ctx_tim=2024-12-17T02%3A54%3A08IST&url_ver=Z39.88-2004&url_ctx_fmt=infofi/fmt:kev:mtx:ctx&rfr_id=info:sid/primo.exlibrisgroup.com:primo3-Article-proquest_highw&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Bacillus%20DNA%20in%20fossil%20bees:%20an%20ancient%20symbiosis?&rft.jtitle=Applied%20and%20Environmental%20Microbiology&rft.au=Cano,%20R.J&rft.date=1994-06-01&rft.volume=60&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=2164&rft.epage=2167&rft.pages=2164-2167&rft.issn=0099-2240&rft.eissn=1098-5336&rft.coden=AEMIDF&rft_id=info:doi/10.1128/AEM.60.6.2164-2167.1994&rft_dat=%3Cproquest_highw%3E16968597%3C/proquest_highw%3E%3Curl%3E%3C/url%3E&disable_directlink=true&sfx.directlink=off&sfx.report_link=0&rft_id=info:oai/&rft_pqid=205928253&rft_id=info:pmid/8031102&rfr_iscdi=true |