School food environments associated with adiposity in Canadian children

Background/Objectives: Targeting obesogenic features of children’s environment that are amenable to change represents a promising strategy for health promotion. The school food environment, defined as the services and policies regarding nutrition and the availability of food in the school and surrou...

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Veröffentlicht in:International Journal of Obesity 2017-07, Vol.41 (7), p.1005-1010
Hauptverfasser: Fitzpatrick, C, Datta, G D, Henderson, M, Gray-Donald, K, Kestens, Y, Barnett, T A
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container_end_page 1010
container_issue 7
container_start_page 1005
container_title International Journal of Obesity
container_volume 41
creator Fitzpatrick, C
Datta, G D
Henderson, M
Gray-Donald, K
Kestens, Y
Barnett, T A
description Background/Objectives: Targeting obesogenic features of children’s environment that are amenable to change represents a promising strategy for health promotion. The school food environment, defined as the services and policies regarding nutrition and the availability of food in the school and surrounding neighborhood, is particularly important given that students travel through the school neighborhood almost daily and that they consume a substantial proportion of their calories at school. Subjects/Methods: As part of the Quebec Adipose and Lifestyle Investigation in Youth (QUALITY) cohort study, we assessed features of school indoor dietary environment and the surrounding school neighborhoods, when children were aged 8–10 years (2005–2008). School principals reported on food practices and policies within the schools. The density of convenience stores and fast-food outlets surrounding the school was computed using a Geographical Information System. Indicators of school neighborhood deprivation were derived from census data. Adiposity outcomes were measured in a clinical setting 2 years later, when participants were aged 10–12 years (2008–2011). We conducted cluster analyses to identify school food environment types. Associations between school types and adiposity were estimated in linear regression models. Results: Cluster analysis identified three school types with distinct food environments. Schools were characterized as: overall healthful (45%); a healthful food environment in the surrounding neighborhood, but an unhealthful indoor food environment (22%); or overall unhealthful (33%). Less healthful schools were located in more deprived neighborhoods and were associated with greater child adiposity. Conclusions: Despite regulatory efforts to improve school food environments, there is substantial inequity in dietary environments across schools. Ensuring healthful indoor and outdoor food environments across schools should be included in comprehensive efforts to reduce obesity-related health disparities.
doi_str_mv 10.1038/ijo.2017.39
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The school food environment, defined as the services and policies regarding nutrition and the availability of food in the school and surrounding neighborhood, is particularly important given that students travel through the school neighborhood almost daily and that they consume a substantial proportion of their calories at school. Subjects/Methods: As part of the Quebec Adipose and Lifestyle Investigation in Youth (QUALITY) cohort study, we assessed features of school indoor dietary environment and the surrounding school neighborhoods, when children were aged 8–10 years (2005–2008). School principals reported on food practices and policies within the schools. The density of convenience stores and fast-food outlets surrounding the school was computed using a Geographical Information System. Indicators of school neighborhood deprivation were derived from census data. Adiposity outcomes were measured in a clinical setting 2 years later, when participants were aged 10–12 years (2008–2011). We conducted cluster analyses to identify school food environment types. Associations between school types and adiposity were estimated in linear regression models. Results: Cluster analysis identified three school types with distinct food environments. Schools were characterized as: overall healthful (45%); a healthful food environment in the surrounding neighborhood, but an unhealthful indoor food environment (22%); or overall unhealthful (33%). Less healthful schools were located in more deprived neighborhoods and were associated with greater child adiposity. Conclusions: Despite regulatory efforts to improve school food environments, there is substantial inequity in dietary environments across schools. 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692/699/1702/393
Adipose tissue
Adiposity
Calories
Causes of
Census
Child
Child Nutritional Physiological Phenomena
Children
Cluster Analysis
Clusters
Deprivation
Energy Intake
Epidemiology
Fast food
Female
Food
Food and Nutrition
Food availability
Food Dispensers, Automatic - standards
Food security
Food Services - standards
Genetics
Geographic information systems
Guideline Adherence
Health aspects
Health promotion
Health Promotion and Disease Prevention
Humans
Indicators
Indoor environments
Information systems
Internal Medicine
Life Sciences
Longitudinal Studies
Male
Medicine
Medicine & Public Health
Metabolic Diseases
Neighborhoods
Nutrition
Nutrition Policy
Obesity
Obesity in children
original-article
Pediatric Obesity - epidemiology
Pediatric Obesity - prevention & control
Policies
Populations and Evolution
Public Health
Quality assessment
Quebec - epidemiology
Regression analysis
Regression models
Risk factors
Satellite navigation systems
School food services
School Health Services
School lunches
School lunchrooms, cafeterias, etc
Schools
Social aspects
Social Environment
Stores
Students
Travel
Youth
title School food environments associated with adiposity in Canadian children
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