Late Pleistocene and Holocene activity of the Atacazo–Ninahuilca Volcanic Complex (Ecuador)

The Atacazo–Ninahuilca Volcanic Complex (ANVC) is located in the Western Cordillera of Ecuador, 10 km southwest of Quito. At least six periods of Pleistocene to Holocene activity (N1 to N6) have been preserved in the geologic record as tephra fallouts and pyroclastic flow deposits. New field data, i...

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Veröffentlicht in:Journal of volcanology and geothermal research 2008-09, Vol.176 (1), p.16-26
Hauptverfasser: Hidalgo, Silvana, Monzier, Michel, Almeida, Eduardo, Chazot, Gilles, Eissen, Jean-Philippe, van der Plicht, Johannes, Hall, Minard L.
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container_end_page 26
container_issue 1
container_start_page 16
container_title Journal of volcanology and geothermal research
container_volume 176
creator Hidalgo, Silvana
Monzier, Michel
Almeida, Eduardo
Chazot, Gilles
Eissen, Jean-Philippe
van der Plicht, Johannes
Hall, Minard L.
description The Atacazo–Ninahuilca Volcanic Complex (ANVC) is located in the Western Cordillera of Ecuador, 10 km southwest of Quito. At least six periods of Pleistocene to Holocene activity (N1 to N6) have been preserved in the geologic record as tephra fallouts and pyroclastic flow deposits. New field data, including petrographic and whole-rock geochemical analyses of over forty soil and tephra sections, 100 pumice and lithic samples, and 10 new 14C ages allow us to constrain: (1) the tephra fall isopachs and detailed characteristics of the last two events (N5–N6) including volume estimates of the tephra and pyroclastic flow deposits and the corresponding volcanic explosivity index (VEI); (2) the petrographical and geochemical correlations between domes, tephras, and pyroclastic flow deposits; and, (3) the timing of the last 4 eruptive events and a period of quiescence that endured a few thousand years (1000–4000). The last two eruptive events (N5 and N6) took place at around 4400 ± 35 yr BP and 2270 ± 15 yr BP, producing huge plinian and pyroclastic flow deposits. Taking into account the widely spread deposits of these VEI 5 eruptions, the present population of about 70 000 people, and the current infrastructure; the development of mitigation plans and deployment of monitoring systems at ANVC is highly recommended.
doi_str_mv 10.1016/j.jvolgeores.2008.05.017
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1872-6097
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source Elsevier ScienceDirect Journals Complete
subjects Atacazo–Ninahuilca
Earth Sciences
Ecuador
geochronology
Holocene
radiocarbon dating
Sciences of the Universe
Stratigraphy
volcanic hazards
title Late Pleistocene and Holocene activity of the Atacazo–Ninahuilca Volcanic Complex (Ecuador)
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