Perceived ethnic discrimination as a risk factor for psychotic symptoms: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Previous studies have shown an elevated risk of psychotic symptoms (PS) and experiences (PEs) among ethnic minority groups, with significant variation between groups. This pattern may be partially attributable to the unfavorable socio-environmental conditions that surround ethnic minority groups. Pe...
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| Veröffentlicht in: | Psychological medicine 2020-05, Vol.50 (7), p.1077-1089 |
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| creator | Bardol, Olivier Grot, Stéphanie Oh, Hans Poulet, Emmanuel Zeroug-Vial, Halima Brunelin, Jérôme Leaune, Edouard |
| description | Previous studies have shown an elevated risk of psychotic symptoms (PS) and experiences (PEs) among ethnic minority groups, with significant variation between groups. This pattern may be partially attributable to the unfavorable socio-environmental conditions that surround ethnic minority groups. Perceived ethnic discrimination (PED) in particular has been a salient putative risk factor to explain the increased risk.
We conducted a systematic literature review and meta-analysis to assess the impact of PED on reporting PS/PEs in ethnic minorities. This review abides by the guidelines set forth by Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses. The included studies were obtained from the databases: Medline, PsycINFO, and Web Of Science. Sub-group analyses were performed assessing the effect of PED in different subtypes of PS, the influence of ethnicity and moderating/mediating factors.
Seventeen studies met the inclusion criteria, and nine were used to conduct the meta-analysis. We found a positive association between PED and the occurrence of PS/PEs among ethnic minorities. The combined odds ratio were 1.77 (95% CI 1.26-2.49) for PS and 1.94 (95% CI 1.42-2.67) for PEs. We found that the association was similar across ethnic groups and did not depend on the ethnic origin of individuals. Weak evidence supported the buffering effects of ethnic identity, collective self-esteem and social support; and no evidence supported the moderating effect of ethnic density. Sensitivity to race-based rejection significantly but only slightly mediated the association.
These findings suggest that PED is involved in the increased risk of PS/PEs in ethnic minority populations. |
| doi_str_mv | 10.1017/S003329172000094X |
| format | Article |
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We conducted a systematic literature review and meta-analysis to assess the impact of PED on reporting PS/PEs in ethnic minorities. This review abides by the guidelines set forth by Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses. The included studies were obtained from the databases: Medline, PsycINFO, and Web Of Science. Sub-group analyses were performed assessing the effect of PED in different subtypes of PS, the influence of ethnicity and moderating/mediating factors.
Seventeen studies met the inclusion criteria, and nine were used to conduct the meta-analysis. We found a positive association between PED and the occurrence of PS/PEs among ethnic minorities. The combined odds ratio were 1.77 (95% CI 1.26-2.49) for PS and 1.94 (95% CI 1.42-2.67) for PEs. We found that the association was similar across ethnic groups and did not depend on the ethnic origin of individuals. Weak evidence supported the buffering effects of ethnic identity, collective self-esteem and social support; and no evidence supported the moderating effect of ethnic density. Sensitivity to race-based rejection significantly but only slightly mediated the association.
These findings suggest that PED is involved in the increased risk of PS/PEs in ethnic minority populations.</description><identifier>ISSN: 0033-2917</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1469-8978</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1017/S003329172000094X</identifier><identifier>PMID: 32317042</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>England: Cambridge University Press</publisher><subject>Adolescent ; Adult ; Aged ; Cognitive science ; Cultural identity ; Density ; Discrimination ; Environmental conditions ; Ethnic groups ; Ethnic Groups - psychology ; Ethnic identity ; Ethnicity ; Female ; Hallucinations ; Human health and pathology ; Humans ; Life Sciences ; Literature reviews ; Male ; Mental disorders ; Meta-analysis ; Middle Aged ; Minority & ethnic groups ; Minority groups ; Minority Groups - psychology ; Neuroscience ; Population ; Psychiatrics and mental health ; Psychosis ; Psychotic Disorders - psychology ; Psychotic symptoms ; Race ; Racism - psychology ; Risk Factors ; Self esteem ; Social Determinants of Health ; Social Environment ; Social exclusion ; Social identity ; Social interactions ; Social support ; Stress ; Subtypes ; Systematic review ; Young Adult</subject><ispartof>Psychological medicine, 2020-05, Vol.50 (7), p.1077-1089</ispartof><rights>Copyright © The Author(s), 2020. Published by Cambridge University Press</rights><rights>Distributed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c411t-23bd600197bf9830d91d1fa8c489d733e1e78566e459cd823bc2c9089122cfe83</citedby><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c411t-23bd600197bf9830d91d1fa8c489d733e1e78566e459cd823bc2c9089122cfe83</cites><orcidid>0000-0003-0901-3038 ; 0000-0001-5479-5628 ; 0000-0001-5709-9038</orcidid></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><link.rule.ids>230,314,780,784,885,12846,27924,27925,30999</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32317042$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed$$Hfree_for_read</backlink><backlink>$$Uhttps://hal.science/hal-04768712$$DView record in HAL$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><creatorcontrib>Bardol, Olivier</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Grot, Stéphanie</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Oh, Hans</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Poulet, Emmanuel</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Zeroug-Vial, Halima</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Brunelin, Jérôme</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Leaune, Edouard</creatorcontrib><title>Perceived ethnic discrimination as a risk factor for psychotic symptoms: a systematic review and meta-analysis</title><title>Psychological medicine</title><addtitle>Psychol Med</addtitle><description>Previous studies have shown an elevated risk of psychotic symptoms (PS) and experiences (PEs) among ethnic minority groups, with significant variation between groups. This pattern may be partially attributable to the unfavorable socio-environmental conditions that surround ethnic minority groups. Perceived ethnic discrimination (PED) in particular has been a salient putative risk factor to explain the increased risk.
We conducted a systematic literature review and meta-analysis to assess the impact of PED on reporting PS/PEs in ethnic minorities. This review abides by the guidelines set forth by Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses. The included studies were obtained from the databases: Medline, PsycINFO, and Web Of Science. Sub-group analyses were performed assessing the effect of PED in different subtypes of PS, the influence of ethnicity and moderating/mediating factors.
Seventeen studies met the inclusion criteria, and nine were used to conduct the meta-analysis. We found a positive association between PED and the occurrence of PS/PEs among ethnic minorities. The combined odds ratio were 1.77 (95% CI 1.26-2.49) for PS and 1.94 (95% CI 1.42-2.67) for PEs. We found that the association was similar across ethnic groups and did not depend on the ethnic origin of individuals. Weak evidence supported the buffering effects of ethnic identity, collective self-esteem and social support; and no evidence supported the moderating effect of ethnic density. Sensitivity to race-based rejection significantly but only slightly mediated the association.
These findings suggest that PED is involved in the increased risk of PS/PEs in ethnic minority populations.</description><subject>Adolescent</subject><subject>Adult</subject><subject>Aged</subject><subject>Cognitive science</subject><subject>Cultural identity</subject><subject>Density</subject><subject>Discrimination</subject><subject>Environmental conditions</subject><subject>Ethnic groups</subject><subject>Ethnic Groups - psychology</subject><subject>Ethnic identity</subject><subject>Ethnicity</subject><subject>Female</subject><subject>Hallucinations</subject><subject>Human health and pathology</subject><subject>Humans</subject><subject>Life Sciences</subject><subject>Literature reviews</subject><subject>Male</subject><subject>Mental disorders</subject><subject>Meta-analysis</subject><subject>Middle Aged</subject><subject>Minority & ethnic groups</subject><subject>Minority groups</subject><subject>Minority Groups - 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China</collection><collection>ProQuest One Psychology</collection><collection>ProQuest Central Basic</collection><collection>Hyper Article en Ligne (HAL)</collection><jtitle>Psychological medicine</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Bardol, Olivier</au><au>Grot, Stéphanie</au><au>Oh, Hans</au><au>Poulet, Emmanuel</au><au>Zeroug-Vial, Halima</au><au>Brunelin, Jérôme</au><au>Leaune, Edouard</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Perceived ethnic discrimination as a risk factor for psychotic symptoms: a systematic review and meta-analysis</atitle><jtitle>Psychological medicine</jtitle><addtitle>Psychol Med</addtitle><date>2020-05-01</date><risdate>2020</risdate><volume>50</volume><issue>7</issue><spage>1077</spage><epage>1089</epage><pages>1077-1089</pages><issn>0033-2917</issn><eissn>1469-8978</eissn><abstract>Previous studies have shown an elevated risk of psychotic symptoms (PS) and experiences (PEs) among ethnic minority groups, with significant variation between groups. This pattern may be partially attributable to the unfavorable socio-environmental conditions that surround ethnic minority groups. Perceived ethnic discrimination (PED) in particular has been a salient putative risk factor to explain the increased risk.
We conducted a systematic literature review and meta-analysis to assess the impact of PED on reporting PS/PEs in ethnic minorities. This review abides by the guidelines set forth by Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses. The included studies were obtained from the databases: Medline, PsycINFO, and Web Of Science. Sub-group analyses were performed assessing the effect of PED in different subtypes of PS, the influence of ethnicity and moderating/mediating factors.
Seventeen studies met the inclusion criteria, and nine were used to conduct the meta-analysis. We found a positive association between PED and the occurrence of PS/PEs among ethnic minorities. The combined odds ratio were 1.77 (95% CI 1.26-2.49) for PS and 1.94 (95% CI 1.42-2.67) for PEs. We found that the association was similar across ethnic groups and did not depend on the ethnic origin of individuals. Weak evidence supported the buffering effects of ethnic identity, collective self-esteem and social support; and no evidence supported the moderating effect of ethnic density. Sensitivity to race-based rejection significantly but only slightly mediated the association.
These findings suggest that PED is involved in the increased risk of PS/PEs in ethnic minority populations.</abstract><cop>England</cop><pub>Cambridge University Press</pub><pmid>32317042</pmid><doi>10.1017/S003329172000094X</doi><tpages>13</tpages><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0901-3038</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5479-5628</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5709-9038</orcidid></addata></record> |
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| source | MEDLINE; Applied Social Sciences Index & Abstracts (ASSIA); Cambridge University Press Journals Complete |
| subjects | Adolescent Adult Aged Cognitive science Cultural identity Density Discrimination Environmental conditions Ethnic groups Ethnic Groups - psychology Ethnic identity Ethnicity Female Hallucinations Human health and pathology Humans Life Sciences Literature reviews Male Mental disorders Meta-analysis Middle Aged Minority & ethnic groups Minority groups Minority Groups - psychology Neuroscience Population Psychiatrics and mental health Psychosis Psychotic Disorders - psychology Psychotic symptoms Race Racism - psychology Risk Factors Self esteem Social Determinants of Health Social Environment Social exclusion Social identity Social interactions Social support Stress Subtypes Systematic review Young Adult |
| title | Perceived ethnic discrimination as a risk factor for psychotic symptoms: a systematic review and meta-analysis |
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