Jellyfish blooms challenge the provisioning of ecosystem services in the Korean coastal waters

Temperate fisheries grounds are exposed to compound effects of jellyfish proliferations and fishing pressure, which affect local fisheries, cause economic losses, and threaten seafood supply. Here, we quantify the interlink between climate variability and jellyfish blooms and their impact on the Japanese anchovy ( Engraulis japonicus ), in the Korean coastal waters. We used a bioclimate dataset (2010–2019) that includes quantitative information of two major bloom-former species, Aurelia coerulea and Nemopilema nomurai , in the Korean Peninsula. We show that climate phenomena governing East Asia regions explain circa half of jellyfish variability. In turn, jellyfish blooms have a significant negative effect on anchovy interannual changes ( r = -0.47, P