Potassium fertilization increases water-use efficiency for stem biomass production without affecting intrinsic water-use efficiency in Eucalyptus grandis plantations

•Water use efficiency (WUE) of Eucalyptus grandis trees was studied in a throughfall exclusion experiment.•Potassium supply increased WUE for stem biomass production by 60% but the gas exchange WUE estimates were not modified.•Allocation patterns in response to nutrient and water supply appeared to...

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Veröffentlicht in:Forest ecology and management 2016-03, Vol.364, p.77-89
Hauptverfasser: Battie-Laclau, Patricia, Delgado-Rojas, Juan Sinforiano, Christina, Mathias, Nouvellon, Yann, Bouillet, Jean-Pierre, Piccolo, Marisa de Cassia, Moreira, Marcelo Zacharias, Gonçalves, José Leonardo de Moraes, Roupsard, Olivier, Laclau, Jean-Paul
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container_start_page 77
container_title Forest ecology and management
container_volume 364
creator Battie-Laclau, Patricia
Delgado-Rojas, Juan Sinforiano
Christina, Mathias
Nouvellon, Yann
Bouillet, Jean-Pierre
Piccolo, Marisa de Cassia
Moreira, Marcelo Zacharias
Gonçalves, José Leonardo de Moraes
Roupsard, Olivier
Laclau, Jean-Paul
description •Water use efficiency (WUE) of Eucalyptus grandis trees was studied in a throughfall exclusion experiment.•Potassium supply increased WUE for stem biomass production by 60% but the gas exchange WUE estimates were not modified.•Allocation patterns in response to nutrient and water supply appeared to be a major driver of WUE for stemwood production.•Leaf and phloem sap δ13C may not be useful proxies for selecting trees for their WUE to produce stemwood. Adaptive strategies to improve tree water-use efficiency (WUE) are required to meet the global demand for wood in a future drier climate. A large-scale throughfall exclusion experiment was set up in Brazil to study the interaction between water status and potassium (K) or sodium (Na) availability on the ecophysiology of Eucalyptus grandis trees. This experiment focused primarily on the changes in aboveground net primary production, stand water use, phloem sap and leaf δ13C, net CO2 assimilation and stomatal conductance. The correlations between these response variables were determined to gain insight into the factors controlling water-use efficiency in tropical eucalypt plantations. The intrinsic WUE in individual leaves (the ratio of net CO2 assimilation to stomatal conductance) was estimated at a very short time scale from the leaf gas exchange. Sap flow measurements were carried out to assess the WUE for stemwood production (the ratio of wood biomass increment to stand water use). Averaged over the two water supply regimes, the stemwood biomass 3years after planting was 173% higher in trees fertilized with K and 79% higher in trees fertilized with Na than in trees with no K and Na addition. Excluding 37% of the throughfall reduced stemwood production only for trees fertilized with K. Total canopy transpiration between 1 and 3years after planting increased from about 750 to 1300mmy−1 in response to K fertilization with a low influence of the water supply regime. K fertilization increased WUE for stemwood production by approx. 60% with or without throughfall exclusion. There was a strong positive correlation between phloem sap δ13C and short-term leaf-level intrinsic WUE. Whatever the water and nutrient supply regime, the gas exchange WUE estimates were not correlated with WUE for stemwood production. Phloem sap δ13C and leaf δ13C were therefore not valuable proxies of WUE for stemwood production. The allocation pattern in response to nutrient and water supply appeared to be a major driver of WUE for stemwoo
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Adaptive strategies to improve tree water-use efficiency (WUE) are required to meet the global demand for wood in a future drier climate. A large-scale throughfall exclusion experiment was set up in Brazil to study the interaction between water status and potassium (K) or sodium (Na) availability on the ecophysiology of Eucalyptus grandis trees. This experiment focused primarily on the changes in aboveground net primary production, stand water use, phloem sap and leaf δ13C, net CO2 assimilation and stomatal conductance. The correlations between these response variables were determined to gain insight into the factors controlling water-use efficiency in tropical eucalypt plantations. The intrinsic WUE in individual leaves (the ratio of net CO2 assimilation to stomatal conductance) was estimated at a very short time scale from the leaf gas exchange. Sap flow measurements were carried out to assess the WUE for stemwood production (the ratio of wood biomass increment to stand water use). Averaged over the two water supply regimes, the stemwood biomass 3years after planting was 173% higher in trees fertilized with K and 79% higher in trees fertilized with Na than in trees with no K and Na addition. Excluding 37% of the throughfall reduced stemwood production only for trees fertilized with K. Total canopy transpiration between 1 and 3years after planting increased from about 750 to 1300mmy−1 in response to K fertilization with a low influence of the water supply regime. K fertilization increased WUE for stemwood production by approx. 60% with or without throughfall exclusion. There was a strong positive correlation between phloem sap δ13C and short-term leaf-level intrinsic WUE. Whatever the water and nutrient supply regime, the gas exchange WUE estimates were not correlated with WUE for stemwood production. Phloem sap δ13C and leaf δ13C were therefore not valuable proxies of WUE for stemwood production. The allocation pattern in response to nutrient and water supply appeared to be a major driver of WUE for stemwood production. 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Adaptive strategies to improve tree water-use efficiency (WUE) are required to meet the global demand for wood in a future drier climate. A large-scale throughfall exclusion experiment was set up in Brazil to study the interaction between water status and potassium (K) or sodium (Na) availability on the ecophysiology of Eucalyptus grandis trees. This experiment focused primarily on the changes in aboveground net primary production, stand water use, phloem sap and leaf δ13C, net CO2 assimilation and stomatal conductance. The correlations between these response variables were determined to gain insight into the factors controlling water-use efficiency in tropical eucalypt plantations. The intrinsic WUE in individual leaves (the ratio of net CO2 assimilation to stomatal conductance) was estimated at a very short time scale from the leaf gas exchange. Sap flow measurements were carried out to assess the WUE for stemwood production (the ratio of wood biomass increment to stand water use). Averaged over the two water supply regimes, the stemwood biomass 3years after planting was 173% higher in trees fertilized with K and 79% higher in trees fertilized with Na than in trees with no K and Na addition. Excluding 37% of the throughfall reduced stemwood production only for trees fertilized with K. Total canopy transpiration between 1 and 3years after planting increased from about 750 to 1300mmy−1 in response to K fertilization with a low influence of the water supply regime. K fertilization increased WUE for stemwood production by approx. 60% with or without throughfall exclusion. There was a strong positive correlation between phloem sap δ13C and short-term leaf-level intrinsic WUE. Whatever the water and nutrient supply regime, the gas exchange WUE estimates were not correlated with WUE for stemwood production. Phloem sap δ13C and leaf δ13C were therefore not valuable proxies of WUE for stemwood production. The allocation pattern in response to nutrient and water supply appeared to be a major driver of WUE for stemwood production. 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Adaptive strategies to improve tree water-use efficiency (WUE) are required to meet the global demand for wood in a future drier climate. A large-scale throughfall exclusion experiment was set up in Brazil to study the interaction between water status and potassium (K) or sodium (Na) availability on the ecophysiology of Eucalyptus grandis trees. This experiment focused primarily on the changes in aboveground net primary production, stand water use, phloem sap and leaf δ13C, net CO2 assimilation and stomatal conductance. The correlations between these response variables were determined to gain insight into the factors controlling water-use efficiency in tropical eucalypt plantations. The intrinsic WUE in individual leaves (the ratio of net CO2 assimilation to stomatal conductance) was estimated at a very short time scale from the leaf gas exchange. Sap flow measurements were carried out to assess the WUE for stemwood production (the ratio of wood biomass increment to stand water use). Averaged over the two water supply regimes, the stemwood biomass 3years after planting was 173% higher in trees fertilized with K and 79% higher in trees fertilized with Na than in trees with no K and Na addition. Excluding 37% of the throughfall reduced stemwood production only for trees fertilized with K. Total canopy transpiration between 1 and 3years after planting increased from about 750 to 1300mmy−1 in response to K fertilization with a low influence of the water supply regime. K fertilization increased WUE for stemwood production by approx. 60% with or without throughfall exclusion. There was a strong positive correlation between phloem sap δ13C and short-term leaf-level intrinsic WUE. Whatever the water and nutrient supply regime, the gas exchange WUE estimates were not correlated with WUE for stemwood production. Phloem sap δ13C and leaf δ13C were therefore not valuable proxies of WUE for stemwood production. The allocation pattern in response to nutrient and water supply appeared to be a major driver of WUE for stemwood production. In areas with very deep tropical soils and annual rainfall &lt;1500mm, our results suggest that breeding programs selecting the eucalypt clones with the highest growth rates tend to select the genotypes with the highest water-use efficiency for wood production.</abstract><pub>Elsevier B.V</pub><doi>10.1016/j.foreco.2016.01.004</doi><tpages>13</tpages><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2506-214X</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8359-3013</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1319-142X</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1920-3847</orcidid><oa>free_for_read</oa></addata></record>
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source Elsevier ScienceDirect Journals
subjects 13C
Agricultural sciences
Biomass
Correlation
Eucalypt
Eucalyptus
Eucalyptus grandis
Fertilization
Fertilizing
Leaf gas exchange
Life Sciences
Nutrition
Sap flow
Silviculture, forestry
Soil study
Trees
Water deficit
Water supplies
Wood
title Potassium fertilization increases water-use efficiency for stem biomass production without affecting intrinsic water-use efficiency in Eucalyptus grandis plantations
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