Workplace bullying: is there a difference by enterprise size?
Objective While relationships between working conditions, bullying and health issues have been proven, most studies have investigated these relationships in large enterprises (> 250 employees). Indeed, only a few studies have analyzed this issue in small firms, despite the fact that the latter di...
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| Veröffentlicht in: | International archives of occupational and environmental health 2022-01, Vol.95 (1), p.187-198 |
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| creator | Lagabrielle, C. Encrenaz, G. Debruyne, G. Rascle, N. |
| description | Objective
While relationships between working conditions, bullying and health issues have been proven, most studies have investigated these relationships in large enterprises (> 250 employees). Indeed, only a few studies have analyzed this issue in small firms, despite the fact that the latter differ from the former at multiple levels. Therefore, our objective was twofold: to assess whether the size of a firm had an impact on the frequency of workplace bullying and to identify whether the effects of bullying on workers’ health differed according to the size of the company.
Method
Data from the 2010 SUMER French periodical cross-sectional survey were analyzed (
N
= 31,420 for the present study). Bullying at work was measured based on nine possible hostile attitudes derived from the French version of the Leymann Inventory of Psychological Terror. Two other questions measured colleague-to-colleague verbal violence and sexual or physical assaults. Anxious or depressive episodes were measured using the Hospital Anxiety and Depression scale (HAD). Other health issues were: perceived health status, sickness absence (at least one absence lasting more than eight days), and work injuries.
Results
Our findings show that bullying at work was less frequent in micro enterprises ( |
| doi_str_mv | 10.1007/s00420-021-01756-1 |
| format | Article |
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While relationships between working conditions, bullying and health issues have been proven, most studies have investigated these relationships in large enterprises (> 250 employees). Indeed, only a few studies have analyzed this issue in small firms, despite the fact that the latter differ from the former at multiple levels. Therefore, our objective was twofold: to assess whether the size of a firm had an impact on the frequency of workplace bullying and to identify whether the effects of bullying on workers’ health differed according to the size of the company.
Method
Data from the 2010 SUMER French periodical cross-sectional survey were analyzed (
N
= 31,420 for the present study). Bullying at work was measured based on nine possible hostile attitudes derived from the French version of the Leymann Inventory of Psychological Terror. Two other questions measured colleague-to-colleague verbal violence and sexual or physical assaults. Anxious or depressive episodes were measured using the Hospital Anxiety and Depression scale (HAD). Other health issues were: perceived health status, sickness absence (at least one absence lasting more than eight days), and work injuries.
Results
Our findings show that bullying at work was less frequent in micro enterprises (< 10 employees). Anxiety/depression, perceived health status, sickness absence (at least one lasting more than eight days) were significantly associated with workplace bullying, but the effects of bullying were significantly higher in micro enterprises (statistical interaction).
Conclusion
This study highlights how a firm’s size influences workplace bullying and, in particular, the prevalence and consequences of bullying in micro enterprises. The implication and guidelines for practice are discussed.</description><identifier>ISSN: 0340-0131</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1432-1246</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1007/s00420-021-01756-1</identifier><identifier>PMID: 34448019</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>Berlin/Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg</publisher><subject>Aggression ; Anxiety ; Bullying ; Cognitive science ; Earth and Environmental Science ; Environment ; Environmental Health ; Humanities and Social Sciences ; Mental depression ; Occupational Medicine/Industrial Medicine ; Original Article ; Psychology ; Rehabilitation ; Terrorism ; Working conditions</subject><ispartof>International archives of occupational and environmental health, 2022-01, Vol.95 (1), p.187-198</ispartof><rights>The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature 2021</rights><rights>2021. The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature.</rights><rights>The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature 2021.</rights><rights>Distributed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c409t-94696071b446c7c4b2fa1392f4b72df66c1e6312c85bc28bd03b19903aa26a0c3</citedby><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c409t-94696071b446c7c4b2fa1392f4b72df66c1e6312c85bc28bd03b19903aa26a0c3</cites><orcidid>0000-0002-3409-2527</orcidid></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><linktopdf>$$Uhttps://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s00420-021-01756-1$$EPDF$$P50$$Gspringer$$H</linktopdf><linktohtml>$$Uhttps://link.springer.com/10.1007/s00420-021-01756-1$$EHTML$$P50$$Gspringer$$H</linktohtml><link.rule.ids>230,314,776,780,881,27901,27902,41464,42533,51294</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34448019$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed$$Hfree_for_read</backlink><backlink>$$Uhttps://hal.science/hal-04385453$$DView record in HAL$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><creatorcontrib>Lagabrielle, C.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Encrenaz, G.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Debruyne, G.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Rascle, N.</creatorcontrib><title>Workplace bullying: is there a difference by enterprise size?</title><title>International archives of occupational and environmental health</title><addtitle>Int Arch Occup Environ Health</addtitle><addtitle>Int Arch Occup Environ Health</addtitle><description>Objective
While relationships between working conditions, bullying and health issues have been proven, most studies have investigated these relationships in large enterprises (> 250 employees). Indeed, only a few studies have analyzed this issue in small firms, despite the fact that the latter differ from the former at multiple levels. Therefore, our objective was twofold: to assess whether the size of a firm had an impact on the frequency of workplace bullying and to identify whether the effects of bullying on workers’ health differed according to the size of the company.
Method
Data from the 2010 SUMER French periodical cross-sectional survey were analyzed (
N
= 31,420 for the present study). Bullying at work was measured based on nine possible hostile attitudes derived from the French version of the Leymann Inventory of Psychological Terror. Two other questions measured colleague-to-colleague verbal violence and sexual or physical assaults. Anxious or depressive episodes were measured using the Hospital Anxiety and Depression scale (HAD). Other health issues were: perceived health status, sickness absence (at least one absence lasting more than eight days), and work injuries.
Results
Our findings show that bullying at work was less frequent in micro enterprises (< 10 employees). Anxiety/depression, perceived health status, sickness absence (at least one lasting more than eight days) were significantly associated with workplace bullying, but the effects of bullying were significantly higher in micro enterprises (statistical interaction).
Conclusion
This study highlights how a firm’s size influences workplace bullying and, in particular, the prevalence and consequences of bullying in micro enterprises. The implication and guidelines for practice are discussed.</description><subject>Aggression</subject><subject>Anxiety</subject><subject>Bullying</subject><subject>Cognitive science</subject><subject>Earth and Environmental Science</subject><subject>Environment</subject><subject>Environmental Health</subject><subject>Humanities and Social Sciences</subject><subject>Mental depression</subject><subject>Occupational Medicine/Industrial Medicine</subject><subject>Original Article</subject><subject>Psychology</subject><subject>Rehabilitation</subject><subject>Terrorism</subject><subject>Working conditions</subject><issn>0340-0131</issn><issn>1432-1246</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2022</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><sourceid>BENPR</sourceid><recordid>eNp9kU9LwzAYxoMobk6_gAcpeNFD9X2TNG0FkTHUCQMviseQpulW7dqZrML89GZ2TvDgKSHPL8_75yHkGOECAeJLB8AphEAxBIwjEeIO6SNnNETKxS7pA-NeRoY9cuDcK3hKxGyf9BjnPAFM--T6pbFvi0ppE2RtVa3KenoVlC5Yzow1gQrysij8rV7rq8DUS2MXtnQmcOWnuTkke4WqnDnanAPyfHf7NBqHk8f7h9FwEmoO6TJMuUgFxJhxLnSseUYLhSylBc9imhdCaDSCIdVJlGmaZDmwDNMUmFJUKNBsQM4735mqpK8_V3YlG1XK8XAi12_AWRLxiH2gZ886dmGb99a4pZyXTpuqUrVpWidpJAQwGsXUo6d_0NemtbWfRFKBKUSCe3RAaEdp2zhnTbHtAEGug5BdENIHIb-DkOsuTjbWbTY3-fbLz-Y9wDrAeameGvtb-x_bL8kAj7U</recordid><startdate>20220101</startdate><enddate>20220101</enddate><creator>Lagabrielle, C.</creator><creator>Encrenaz, G.</creator><creator>Debruyne, G.</creator><creator>Rascle, N.</creator><general>Springer Berlin Heidelberg</general><general>Springer Nature B.V</general><general>Springer Verlag</general><scope>NPM</scope><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>3V.</scope><scope>7T2</scope><scope>7T5</scope><scope>7TM</scope><scope>7U7</scope><scope>7X7</scope><scope>7XB</scope><scope>88E</scope><scope>88I</scope><scope>8AO</scope><scope>8C1</scope><scope>8FI</scope><scope>8FJ</scope><scope>8FK</scope><scope>ABUWG</scope><scope>AEUYN</scope><scope>AFKRA</scope><scope>ATCPS</scope><scope>AZQEC</scope><scope>BENPR</scope><scope>BHPHI</scope><scope>C1K</scope><scope>CCPQU</scope><scope>DWQXO</scope><scope>FYUFA</scope><scope>GHDGH</scope><scope>GNUQQ</scope><scope>H94</scope><scope>HCIFZ</scope><scope>K9.</scope><scope>M0S</scope><scope>M1P</scope><scope>M2P</scope><scope>PATMY</scope><scope>PQEST</scope><scope>PQQKQ</scope><scope>PQUKI</scope><scope>PYCSY</scope><scope>Q9U</scope><scope>7X8</scope><scope>1XC</scope><scope>BXJBU</scope><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3409-2527</orcidid></search><sort><creationdate>20220101</creationdate><title>Workplace bullying: is there a difference by enterprise size?</title><author>Lagabrielle, C. ; Encrenaz, G. ; Debruyne, G. ; Rascle, N.</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c409t-94696071b446c7c4b2fa1392f4b72df66c1e6312c85bc28bd03b19903aa26a0c3</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2022</creationdate><topic>Aggression</topic><topic>Anxiety</topic><topic>Bullying</topic><topic>Cognitive science</topic><topic>Earth and Environmental Science</topic><topic>Environment</topic><topic>Environmental Health</topic><topic>Humanities and Social Sciences</topic><topic>Mental depression</topic><topic>Occupational Medicine/Industrial Medicine</topic><topic>Original Article</topic><topic>Psychology</topic><topic>Rehabilitation</topic><topic>Terrorism</topic><topic>Working conditions</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Lagabrielle, C.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Encrenaz, G.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Debruyne, G.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Rascle, N.</creatorcontrib><collection>PubMed</collection><collection>CrossRef</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (Corporate)</collection><collection>Health and Safety Science Abstracts (Full archive)</collection><collection>Immunology Abstracts</collection><collection>Nucleic Acids Abstracts</collection><collection>Toxicology Abstracts</collection><collection>Health & Medical Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (purchase pre-March 2016)</collection><collection>Medical Database (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>Science Database (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>ProQuest Pharma Collection</collection><collection>Public Health Database</collection><collection>Hospital Premium Collection</collection><collection>Hospital Premium Collection (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (Alumni) (purchase pre-March 2016)</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>ProQuest One Sustainability</collection><collection>ProQuest Central UK/Ireland</collection><collection>Agricultural & Environmental Science Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Central Essentials</collection><collection>ProQuest Central</collection><collection>Natural Science Collection</collection><collection>Environmental Sciences and Pollution Management</collection><collection>ProQuest One Community College</collection><collection>ProQuest Central Korea</collection><collection>Health Research Premium Collection</collection><collection>Health Research Premium Collection (Alumni)</collection><collection>ProQuest Central Student</collection><collection>AIDS and Cancer Research Abstracts</collection><collection>SciTech Premium Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Health & Medical Complete (Alumni)</collection><collection>Health & Medical Collection (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>Medical Database</collection><collection>Science Database</collection><collection>Environmental Science Database</collection><collection>ProQuest One Academic Eastern Edition (DO NOT USE)</collection><collection>ProQuest One Academic</collection><collection>ProQuest One Academic UKI Edition</collection><collection>Environmental Science Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Central Basic</collection><collection>MEDLINE - Academic</collection><collection>Hyper Article en Ligne (HAL)</collection><collection>HAL-SHS: Archive ouverte en Sciences de l'Homme et de la Société</collection><jtitle>International archives of occupational and environmental health</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Lagabrielle, C.</au><au>Encrenaz, G.</au><au>Debruyne, G.</au><au>Rascle, N.</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Workplace bullying: is there a difference by enterprise size?</atitle><jtitle>International archives of occupational and environmental health</jtitle><stitle>Int Arch Occup Environ Health</stitle><addtitle>Int Arch Occup Environ Health</addtitle><date>2022-01-01</date><risdate>2022</risdate><volume>95</volume><issue>1</issue><spage>187</spage><epage>198</epage><pages>187-198</pages><issn>0340-0131</issn><eissn>1432-1246</eissn><abstract>Objective
While relationships between working conditions, bullying and health issues have been proven, most studies have investigated these relationships in large enterprises (> 250 employees). Indeed, only a few studies have analyzed this issue in small firms, despite the fact that the latter differ from the former at multiple levels. Therefore, our objective was twofold: to assess whether the size of a firm had an impact on the frequency of workplace bullying and to identify whether the effects of bullying on workers’ health differed according to the size of the company.
Method
Data from the 2010 SUMER French periodical cross-sectional survey were analyzed (
N
= 31,420 for the present study). Bullying at work was measured based on nine possible hostile attitudes derived from the French version of the Leymann Inventory of Psychological Terror. Two other questions measured colleague-to-colleague verbal violence and sexual or physical assaults. Anxious or depressive episodes were measured using the Hospital Anxiety and Depression scale (HAD). Other health issues were: perceived health status, sickness absence (at least one absence lasting more than eight days), and work injuries.
Results
Our findings show that bullying at work was less frequent in micro enterprises (< 10 employees). Anxiety/depression, perceived health status, sickness absence (at least one lasting more than eight days) were significantly associated with workplace bullying, but the effects of bullying were significantly higher in micro enterprises (statistical interaction).
Conclusion
This study highlights how a firm’s size influences workplace bullying and, in particular, the prevalence and consequences of bullying in micro enterprises. The implication and guidelines for practice are discussed.</abstract><cop>Berlin/Heidelberg</cop><pub>Springer Berlin Heidelberg</pub><pmid>34448019</pmid><doi>10.1007/s00420-021-01756-1</doi><tpages>12</tpages><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3409-2527</orcidid></addata></record> |
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| ispartof | International archives of occupational and environmental health, 2022-01, Vol.95 (1), p.187-198 |
| issn | 0340-0131 1432-1246 |
| language | eng |
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| source | SpringerLink Journals - AutoHoldings |
| subjects | Aggression Anxiety Bullying Cognitive science Earth and Environmental Science Environment Environmental Health Humanities and Social Sciences Mental depression Occupational Medicine/Industrial Medicine Original Article Psychology Rehabilitation Terrorism Working conditions |
| title | Workplace bullying: is there a difference by enterprise size? |
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