Study of Structural, Compression, and Soft Magnetic Properties of Fe65Ni28Mn7 Alloy Prepared by Arc Melting, Mechanical Alloying, and Spark Plasma Sintering
Soft magnetic Fe65Ni28Mn7 (at. %) alloy was successfully synthesized by mechanical alloying and spark plasma sintering (SPS) and, in parallel, the same composition was prepared by arc melting (AM) for comparison. Several SPS conditions were tested. X-ray diffraction and scanning electron microscopy...
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| Veröffentlicht in: | Materials 2023-11, Vol.16 (22), p.7244 |
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| creator | Zaara, Kaouther Optasanu, Virgil Le Gallet, Sophie Escoda, Lluisa Saurina, Joan Bernard, Frédéric Khitouni, Mohamed Suñol, Joan-Josep Chemingui, Mahmoud |
| description | Soft magnetic Fe65Ni28Mn7 (at. %) alloy was successfully synthesized by mechanical alloying and spark plasma sintering (SPS) and, in parallel, the same composition was prepared by arc melting (AM) for comparison. Several SPS conditions were tested. X-ray diffraction and scanning electron microscopy were used to investigate the structure, phase composition, and morphology of the samples. It was found that mechanical alloying produced BCC and FCC supersaturated solid solution after 130 h of milling, with a fine microstructure (i.e., crystallite size of 10 nm). Spark plasma sintering performed at 750 °C and 1000 °C under two pressures of 50 MPa and 75 MPa revealed stable FCC phases. A single FCC phase was observed after the arc melting synthesis. The magnetic properties of milled powders and solids obtained by AM and SPS were investigated. The specimen consolidated by SPS at 1000 °C under the pressure of 50 MPa exhibits soft magnetic behavior (coercivity 0.07 Oe), whereas the mechanically alloyed sample revealed hard magnetic behavior. The specimen consolidated at 750 °C under a pressure of 75 MPa showed a higher compressive strength of 1700 MPa and a Vickers hardness of 425 ± 18 HV. As a result, sintering at 750 °C/75 MPa can be utilized to enhance the mechanical properties, while those sintered at 1000 °C/50 MPa increase magnetic softness. |
| doi_str_mv | 10.3390/ma16227244 |
| format | Article |
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Several SPS conditions were tested. X-ray diffraction and scanning electron microscopy were used to investigate the structure, phase composition, and morphology of the samples. It was found that mechanical alloying produced BCC and FCC supersaturated solid solution after 130 h of milling, with a fine microstructure (i.e., crystallite size of 10 nm). Spark plasma sintering performed at 750 °C and 1000 °C under two pressures of 50 MPa and 75 MPa revealed stable FCC phases. A single FCC phase was observed after the arc melting synthesis. The magnetic properties of milled powders and solids obtained by AM and SPS were investigated. The specimen consolidated by SPS at 1000 °C under the pressure of 50 MPa exhibits soft magnetic behavior (coercivity 0.07 Oe), whereas the mechanically alloyed sample revealed hard magnetic behavior. The specimen consolidated at 750 °C under a pressure of 75 MPa showed a higher compressive strength of 1700 MPa and a Vickers hardness of 425 ± 18 HV. As a result, sintering at 750 °C/75 MPa can be utilized to enhance the mechanical properties, while those sintered at 1000 °C/50 MPa increase magnetic softness.</description><identifier>ISSN: 1996-1944</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1996-1944</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.3390/ma16227244</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>Basel: MDPI AG</publisher><subject>Alloys ; Body centered cubic lattice ; Brittleness ; Coercivity ; Compressive strength ; Crystallites ; Diamond pyramid hardness ; Electric arc melting ; Engineering Sciences ; Face centered cubic lattice ; Grain boundaries ; Magnetic properties ; Materials ; Mechanical alloying ; Mechanical properties ; Morphology ; Permeability ; Phase composition ; Plasma sintering ; Powder metallurgy ; Scanning electron microscopy ; Sintering (powder metallurgy) ; Softness ; Solid solutions ; Spark plasma sintering</subject><ispartof>Materials, 2023-11, Vol.16 (22), p.7244</ispartof><rights>2023 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). 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As a result, sintering at 750 °C/75 MPa can be utilized to enhance the mechanical properties, while those sintered at 1000 °C/50 MPa increase magnetic softness.</description><subject>Alloys</subject><subject>Body centered cubic lattice</subject><subject>Brittleness</subject><subject>Coercivity</subject><subject>Compressive strength</subject><subject>Crystallites</subject><subject>Diamond pyramid hardness</subject><subject>Electric arc melting</subject><subject>Engineering Sciences</subject><subject>Face centered cubic lattice</subject><subject>Grain boundaries</subject><subject>Magnetic properties</subject><subject>Materials</subject><subject>Mechanical alloying</subject><subject>Mechanical properties</subject><subject>Morphology</subject><subject>Permeability</subject><subject>Phase composition</subject><subject>Plasma sintering</subject><subject>Powder metallurgy</subject><subject>Scanning electron microscopy</subject><subject>Sintering (powder metallurgy)</subject><subject>Softness</subject><subject>Solid solutions</subject><subject>Spark plasma sintering</subject><issn>1996-1944</issn><issn>1996-1944</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2023</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><sourceid>BENPR</sourceid><recordid>eNpdkc1u1DAQxyNEJarSS5_AEhdAu-CvxMlxtWop0i6ttOUczTqT1sWxg-0g7bvwsDi7CBBzmdH8fzOaj6K4YvSDEA39OACrOFdcyhfFOWuaaskaKV_-E78qLmN8ptmEYDVvzoufuzR1B-J7skth0mkKYBdk7YcxYIzGuwUB15Gd7xPZwqPDZDS5D37EkAzGufAGq_KL4fXWKbKy1h-yjiME7Mj-QFZBky3aZNzjIgf6CZzRYE_kMXnsn_lv5N5CHIDsjEsYsva6OOvBRrz87S-KrzfXD-vb5ebu0-f1arPUouJp2TAutNqrvuv3StSl6CtVQ1lRqmmJHe-o0jxLKCQ03bw6z7cAylBKVFSLi-Ldqe8T2HYMZoBwaD2Y9na1aecclULIqqQ_WGbfntgx-O8TxtQOJmq0Fhz6Kba8bkQtK6Fm9M1_6LOfgsubHCmmFKtVpt6fKB18jAH7PxMw2s5_bf_-VfwCFX2TGA</recordid><startdate>20231120</startdate><enddate>20231120</enddate><creator>Zaara, Kaouther</creator><creator>Optasanu, Virgil</creator><creator>Le Gallet, Sophie</creator><creator>Escoda, Lluisa</creator><creator>Saurina, Joan</creator><creator>Bernard, Frédéric</creator><creator>Khitouni, Mohamed</creator><creator>Suñol, Joan-Josep</creator><creator>Chemingui, Mahmoud</creator><general>MDPI AG</general><general>MDPI</general><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>7SR</scope><scope>8FD</scope><scope>8FE</scope><scope>8FG</scope><scope>ABJCF</scope><scope>ABUWG</scope><scope>AFKRA</scope><scope>AZQEC</scope><scope>BENPR</scope><scope>BGLVJ</scope><scope>CCPQU</scope><scope>D1I</scope><scope>DWQXO</scope><scope>HCIFZ</scope><scope>JG9</scope><scope>KB.</scope><scope>PDBOC</scope><scope>PHGZM</scope><scope>PHGZT</scope><scope>PIMPY</scope><scope>PKEHL</scope><scope>PQEST</scope><scope>PQGLB</scope><scope>PQQKQ</scope><scope>PQUKI</scope><scope>PRINS</scope><scope>7X8</scope><scope>1XC</scope><scope>VOOES</scope><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7869-6528</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1810-0275</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3924-5748</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7653-3415</orcidid></search><sort><creationdate>20231120</creationdate><title>Study of Structural, Compression, and Soft Magnetic Properties of Fe65Ni28Mn7 Alloy Prepared by Arc Melting, Mechanical Alloying, and Spark Plasma Sintering</title><author>Zaara, Kaouther ; 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Several SPS conditions were tested. X-ray diffraction and scanning electron microscopy were used to investigate the structure, phase composition, and morphology of the samples. It was found that mechanical alloying produced BCC and FCC supersaturated solid solution after 130 h of milling, with a fine microstructure (i.e., crystallite size of 10 nm). Spark plasma sintering performed at 750 °C and 1000 °C under two pressures of 50 MPa and 75 MPa revealed stable FCC phases. A single FCC phase was observed after the arc melting synthesis. The magnetic properties of milled powders and solids obtained by AM and SPS were investigated. The specimen consolidated by SPS at 1000 °C under the pressure of 50 MPa exhibits soft magnetic behavior (coercivity 0.07 Oe), whereas the mechanically alloyed sample revealed hard magnetic behavior. The specimen consolidated at 750 °C under a pressure of 75 MPa showed a higher compressive strength of 1700 MPa and a Vickers hardness of 425 ± 18 HV. As a result, sintering at 750 °C/75 MPa can be utilized to enhance the mechanical properties, while those sintered at 1000 °C/50 MPa increase magnetic softness.</abstract><cop>Basel</cop><pub>MDPI AG</pub><doi>10.3390/ma16227244</doi><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7869-6528</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1810-0275</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3924-5748</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7653-3415</orcidid><oa>free_for_read</oa></addata></record> |
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| subjects | Alloys Body centered cubic lattice Brittleness Coercivity Compressive strength Crystallites Diamond pyramid hardness Electric arc melting Engineering Sciences Face centered cubic lattice Grain boundaries Magnetic properties Materials Mechanical alloying Mechanical properties Morphology Permeability Phase composition Plasma sintering Powder metallurgy Scanning electron microscopy Sintering (powder metallurgy) Softness Solid solutions Spark plasma sintering |
| title | Study of Structural, Compression, and Soft Magnetic Properties of Fe65Ni28Mn7 Alloy Prepared by Arc Melting, Mechanical Alloying, and Spark Plasma Sintering |
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