Challenges and directions in studying cell–cell communication by extracellular vesicles

Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are increasingly recognized as important mediators of intercellular communication. They have important roles in numerous physiological and pathological processes, and show considerable promise as novel biomarkers of disease, as therapeutic agents and as drug delivery veh...

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Veröffentlicht in:Nature reviews. Molecular cell biology 2022-05, Vol.23 (5), p.369-382
Hauptverfasser: van Niel, Guillaume, Carter, David R. F., Clayton, Aled, Lambert, Daniel W., Raposo, Graça, Vader, Pieter
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container_issue 5
container_start_page 369
container_title Nature reviews. Molecular cell biology
container_volume 23
creator van Niel, Guillaume
Carter, David R. F.
Clayton, Aled
Lambert, Daniel W.
Raposo, Graça
Vader, Pieter
description Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are increasingly recognized as important mediators of intercellular communication. They have important roles in numerous physiological and pathological processes, and show considerable promise as novel biomarkers of disease, as therapeutic agents and as drug delivery vehicles. Intriguingly, however, understanding of the cellular and molecular mechanisms that govern the many observed functions of EVs remains far from comprehensive, at least partly due to technical challenges in working with these small messengers. Here, we highlight areas of consensus as well as contentious issues in our understanding of the intracellular and intercellular journey of EVs: from biogenesis, release and dynamics in the extracellular space, to interaction with and uptake by recipient cells. We define knowledge gaps, identify key questions and challenges, and make recommendations on how to address these. Extracellular vesicles (EVs) mediate cell–cell communication in physiology and pathology but many questions remain about the mechanisms governing their delivery to recipient cells. This Expert Recommendation article highlights areas of progress and challenges in establishing the importance of EV-mediated communication in vivo.
doi_str_mv 10.1038/s41580-022-00460-3
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subjects 631/80/304
631/80/313
631/80/86
Biochemistry
Biological Transport
Biomarkers
Biomarkers - metabolism
Biomedical and Life Sciences
Cancer Research
Cell Biology
Cell Communication
Cell interactions
Chemical compounds
Communication
Developmental Biology
Drug delivery
Drug Delivery Systems
Expert Recommendation
Extracellular vesicles
Extracellular Vesicles - metabolism
Life Sciences
Molecular modelling
Pharmacology
Physiology
Questions
Stem Cells
Vesicles
title Challenges and directions in studying cell–cell communication by extracellular vesicles
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